Findings Of Fact Goodman holds Florida teaching certificate number 295031, post-graduate rank III, valid through June 30, 1983 covering the areas of physical education and junior college. At all times pertinent hereto, Goodman was employed in the public schools of Duval County, Florida, at Matthew Gilbert Seventh Grade Center as a physical education teacher. During the summer school session of 1978, at Matthew Gilbert, Goodman was assigned as teacher for the physical education class to be held during that session. The class was funded through the Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) program. In order to maintain the allocation of FTE funds, there was a requirement that a minimum number of 28 physical education students be enrolled and in attendance. In the event the required enrollment was not met, then the class could not be held. If that occurred, the teacher would receive no salary for the summer session relating to that course. Goodman prepared a student attendance register for the summer school of 1978 physical education class beginning June 16, 1978, and ending July 28, 1979. That register reflects 28 enrolled students in the course. Goodman also prepared two summer school class enrollment sheets for FTE reporting purposes. The first is dated June 29, 1978, and shows 28 students enrolled in physical education. The second is dated July 10, 1978, and reflects 27 full-time students enrolled in physical education. Notwithstanding these enrollment sheets, actual student enrollment and attendance was far below that which was reported by Goodman. Jacquelyn Merritt enrolled in the summer school physical education course but never attended. Nonetheless, the attendance register shows Ms. Merritt as having attended 28 days. Ms. Merritt was awarded the grade of "B" for the course. Lorretta Roundtree neither enrolled nor attended physical education class. Nonetheless, the attendance register reflects 30 days attendance and Ms. Roundtree received a grade of "A" for the physical education course. Patricia Willis never attended the physical education class although she did enroll. The student attendance register reflects that Ms. Willis attended 30 days and received a grade of "B" for the physical education course. Cimmie McBride attended the physical education class for about a week. However, the class attendance register reflects 30 days attendance for Ms. McBride and she ultimately received a grade of "A" for the physical education course. Shelia Jackson attended one day of physical education during the summer school session but the student attendance register reflects 28 days attendance. Ms. Jackson received a grade of "B" for the physical education course. Carla Todd did not enroll in nor attend the summer school physical education class but the student attendance register shows Carla Todd being present for 30 days. Ms. Todd received a grade of "A" for the physical education class. Raymond Riley did not attend the summer school but the student attendance register reflects 28 days attendance and Mr. Riley received a grade of "B" for the physical education course. Steve Simon never attended summer school but the student attendance register reflects 29 days attendance and Mr. Simon received a grade of "B" for the physical education course. Deidra Sampson enrolled in the physical education course for the summer school session and attended three or four days. However the student attendance register reflects 30 days attendance and Ms. Sampson was awarded a grade of "A" for the physical education course. Claudia Tyson never enrolled in nor attended physical education during the summer school session hut the student attendance register reflects 28 days of attendance and Ms. Tyson received a grade of "B" for the physical education course. Martin Vaughn attended one day of physical education during the summer school session but the student attendance register reflects 30 days of attendance. Mr. Vaughn received a grade of "B" for the physical education class. Sharon Williams enrolled in the physical education course but never attended any classes. Nonetheless, the student attendance register reflects 30 days attendance and Ms. Williams received a grade of "A" for the physical education course. Hellen Pinkney enrolled in the physical education course for the summer school session but never attended. Nonetheless, the student attendance register reflects 30 days attendance and Ms. Pinkney received a grade of "A" for the physical education class. Willie Ward attended the physical education class during summer school for approximately one week. The student attendance register reflects 29 days attendance and Mr. Ward received a grade of "B" for the physical education class. It was Goodman's responsibility to prepare the student attendance registers and grade reporting forms for her class. The evidence establishes that Goodman's signature appears on those forms which reflect inaccurate attendance data and the award of undeserved grades. Goodman signed her name to official reports that were patently incorrect. If the reports had been submitted correctly then FTE funds would have been terminated for the physical education class. Had the class been cancelled, Goodman would not have received remuneration for her services as a physical education instructor during that summer session of school. The evidence does not establish Goodman's motivation as being that of protecting her income or insuring that the course was made available to those students who did attend. Goodman's efficiency ratings reflect that she is an otherwise effective teacher.
The Issue The central issue in case no. 92-3138 is whether or not Respondent should be dismissed from his continuing contract as a teacher employed by the Orange County school district. The central issue in case no. 92-6637 is whether Respondent committed the violations alleged in the administrative complaint; and, if so, what disciplinary action should be imposed.
Findings Of Fact The Respondent holds Florida teaching certificate no. 427416, covering the areas of driver's education and physical education. Such certificate is valid through June 30, 1997. At all times material to this case, Respondent has been employed as a teacher for the Orange County School District. He has been so employed since approximately 1978. In the fall of 1987, Respondent was assigned to Carver where he taught physical education. He remained at Carver until he was relieved of duty on March 26, 1992. Prior to being assigned to Carver, Respondent was employed at Chickasaw Elementary School where he received satisfactory evaluations and did not have any problems with student discipline. After accepting the job at Carver, Respondent became one of four physical education teachers employed there. Respondent faced discipline problems at Carver he had not experienced during his elementary school tenure. Examples of the problems Respondent faced were: students showing disrespect; students teasing (such as name calling); or students being aggressive and argumentative. On March 7, 1989, Respondent received a written reprimand from the Assistant Principal at Carver, Fred Townsend, for inappropriately disciplining a student. The incident cited in the reprimand was directly related to Respondent's class management and the discipline of students. Mr. Townsend's letter instructed the Respondent to adequately supervise students and to use appropriate disciplinary techniques. Mr. Townsend verbally counselled the Respondent concerning appropriate disciplinary techniques. On April 7, 1989, Respondent was involved in an incident with one of the Carver students which resulted in Mr. Townsend issuing Respondent a written directive to refrain from shoving students, and to follow procedures outlined in the Carver Faculty Handbook and the "assertive discipline strategies" when disciplining students. The procedures for disciplining students as outlined in the Carver Faculty Handbook did not permit a teacher to push, shove, or physically discipline a student. Teachers are permitted to use force to intervene to protect students who may be fighting or to protect themselves if attacked. On October 24, 1989, Respondent was directed, in writing and verbally, by a senior manager of employee relations, John Hawco, not to take physical or disciplinary action against students but to follow school and Board rules pertaining to student discipline and control. The directive followed an incident where Respondent allegedly shoved or pushed a student. On or about March 1, 1990, Board staff gave Respondent a letter outlining sources of assistance available through the school system regarding appropriate means to control and discipline students. On March 2, 1990, Respondent received an oral and written directive together with a written letter of reprimand from Mr. Hawco. This written directive was issued after Respondent allegedly used physical force against two students. Such conduct would have been contrary to Mr. Hawco's earlier directive. The March 2, 1990, directive again advised Respondent not to use force or take physical disciplinary action against students. Mr. Hawco's letter urged Respondent to seek assistance and warned Respondent that if he failed to follow the directive, he could be recommended for dismissal. Respondent was also verbally advised at the time he received the March 2, 1990, directive that should similar incidents occur in the future a recommendation could be made for his dismissal. Despite the prior warnings and counselings, during the 1990-1991 school year, John Hawco was called to Carver to investigate several allegations against the Respondent. Such allegations involved inappropriate student discipline. One of the incidents involved a minor male student who allegedly hit the Respondent. In the Respondent's referral to the office, the Respondent stated that the student "hit me in the nose with his fist, so I hit him back". Although the incident caused Mr. Hawco to have concerns about the Respondent, after investigation, the Board took no formal action against the Respondent for this alleged incident. On or about March 13, 1992, the Respondent received a written directive from the Senior Manager of Employee Relations, Alice Tisdell. This directive advised Respondent not to take physical or disciplinary action against students, to exercise appropriate classroom management skills and to follow proper procedures for disciplining students. Ms. Tisdell issued this directive after she was called to investigate allegations that the Respondent continued to physically intervene with students contrary to prior directives to discontinue this type of discipline. On or about March 10, 1992, Ms. Tisdell advised Respondent, verbally and in writing, that should he continue to fail to comply with the directives, appropriate disciplinary action could be taken. Respondent was advised that such disciplinary action could include his dismissal. During the period from 1989 until he was recommended for dismissal in 1992, Respondent was verbally directed by the Carver principal, assistant principals, and Board management, to use appropriate classroom management techniques and to refrain from pushing, shoving, or using force when dealing with students. Despite the oral and written directives, on March 20, 1992, Respondent shoved a student, Johnny Wyatt, into a locker causing minor physical injury to that student. Such act occurred in connection with the discipline of the student, was contrary to the prior directives issued to Respondent, and resulted because Respondent had failed to maintain control of his assigned area. Wyatt is a minor male student at Carver who, at the time of hearing, was in the seventh grade. During the 1991/1992 school year, he was enrolled in Ms. Carry's sixth grade physical education class. The male students in Ms. Carry's class dressed out in the boy's locker room supervised by the Respondent and another male physical education teacher, Dennis Goldsmith. On March 20, 1992, Mr. Goldsmith was absent and Raymond Martin, a permanent substitute employed at Carver, was assigned to cover the locker room with Respondent. When sixth period began, students assembled at their assigned bench seats in order to dress out. Some students began to misbehave by shouting, running around, and engaging in horseplay. On two occasions, the light switches were turned off and on for several seconds. Wyatt came to the sixth period class and sat down after dressing out. With Mr. Martin's permission, he went to the restroom and returned to his seat. The Respondent accused Wyatt of talking. When the student protested that he had not misbehaved, the Respondent grabbed Wyatt by the arm and began to lead him to the locker room office. Wyatt continued to verbally protest while Respondent held his arm. When they reached a row of lockers, the Respondent pushed Wyatt causing his back to strike the lockers. This incident was witnessed from several different vantage points by other students who were in the locker room that day. When the Respondent pushed the student, Wyatt's back struck a metal clasp on the locker and an injury resulted. Contact with the metal clasp caused a one to two inch scrape located just slightly to the right of the student's spine. Approximately eleven months after the incident, a faint scar is still visible. Immediately following the incident, the Respondent ushered Wyatt to the locker room office and Assistant Principal, Richard Vail, was summoned to deal with the students. Mr. Vail arrived five to ten minutes after the beginning of sixth period. Mr. Vail spoke to the students about their misconduct, and sent them on to their respective class groups. Wyatt approached Mr. Vail, showed him the injury to his back, and told him that the Respondent had pushed him into a locker. Mr. Vail asked the student if he wanted to go to the clinic. When Wyatt declined, Mr. Vail sent him on to join his class. When Wyatt arrived at Ms. Carry's class she observed the injury and sent him to the office. Wyatt was subsequently sent to the clinic by Principal Ernest Bradley. When Wyatt went home after school, his parents learned of the incident. The student's father brought him back to school that same day and spoke to Mr. Bradley and the Respondent. Wyatt's parents were upset about the injury. The Respondent denies the incident entirely. He claims that he did not push or shove Wyatt in any way on March 20, 1992, and that he did not learn of the alleged incident until the end of the school day. The credible proof in this case is to the contrary. The Respondent had difficulties controlling the students in his physical education class. Students in his class frequently acted disrespectfully and failed to follow his instructions. Such students challenged Respondent's authority and were disruptive. Because of class rotation, the other physical education teachers had the same students at different times of the year. The other physical education teachers did not experience the difficulties with the frequency or the severity that the Respondent experienced. As a general rule, the students behaved themselves for Mr. Goldsmith, Ms. Pendergrast, and Ms. Carry. Of the four, only Respondent allowed the students to get out of control. Mr. Townsend formally evaluated Respondent during the 1987-88 school year. Mr. Townsend specifically recommended that the Respondent seek help in the areas of student relations and discipline, and that he enroll in workshops for help with management of student conduct. Mr. Townsend formally evaluated the Respondent during the 1988-1989 school year. Mr. Townsend's evaluation rated the Respondent "Satisfactory with Recommendation" in the area of Classroom Management and Discipline. Respondent was again advised to enroll in training programs for management and discipline. Mr. Vail observed and evaluated the Respondent during the 1989-1990 school year. Mr. Vail observed the Respondent having difficulties in maintaining control of his class and supervising activities. Mr. Vail suggested methods of improving the structure of the class. He also suggested a different roll-taking method. Mr. Vail's 1989-90 evaluation rated the Respondent as "Needing Improvement" in the area of classroom management and discipline. The Respondent received a "Satisfactory with Recommendation" in the areas of subject matter knowledge, planning and student relations. Mr. Vail also gave the Respondent verbal directives to exercise appropriate classroom management. Mr. Vail evaluated the Respondent for the 1991-1992 school year. He observed the Respondent on March 9, 1992, and found several deficiencies with the Respondent's performance. Mr. Vail rated the Respondent as "Needs Improvement" in the areas of classroom management and discipline, planning and delivering instruction, student relations, and professional responsibilities and ethics. Mr. Vail categorized the Respondent as "Satisfactory with Recommendation" in the areas of subject matter knowledge, evaluation of instructional needs, and methods and techniques. Throughout his tenure at Carver, the Respondent has been counseled concerning appropriate discipline techniques and given several opportunities to improve. The Respondent's ability to effectively manage the students did not improve. In short, he was unable to keep good order in his classroom. Respondent has received two reprimands and several directives regarding proper discipline of students. Respondent is required to abide by the Code of Ethics of the Education Profession of Florida. Further, teachers are expected to adhere to reasonable directives issued to them by their supervisors. The Respondent received numerous verbal and written directives concerning the appropriate discipline and management of student conduct. These directives were reasonable and were within the scope of the school's authority. Despite the directives, the opportunities to improve, and the offers of assistance, the Respondent did not improve in the areas of classroom management and student discipline. The Respondent was warned of the impropriety of physical contact with students, yet subsequently pushed and injured a student. The incident involving Wyatt was in violation of the prior directives, and constituted insubordination and misconduct. The Respondent's effectiveness as an employee of the Board has been substantially reduced. Despite several attempts to provide Respondent with assistance, he continued to use inappropriate discipline with students. Understandably, school personnel have lost confidence in Respondent's ability to manage a class, to the point where Respondent cannot return to the classroom. Although the Respondent did not intentionally injure Wyatt, his indifference to the situation placed the student in danger. Respondent failed to protect the student from an avoidable injury. Respondent's use of force was unwarranted as the student did not present a harm to others or to the Respondent. Assuming Wyatt was one of the misbehaving students (which the evidence in this case does not support), force would not have been necessary to discipline a talkative student.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing, it is, hereby, RECOMMENDED: As to case no. 92-3138, that the School Board of Orange County, Florida enter a final order dismissing the Respondent from his employment with the district. As to case no. 92-6637, that the Education Practices Commission enter a final order placing the Respondent on probation for a period of not less than three years, requiring Respondent to successfully complete some remedial course of instruction related to class management and discipline of students, and to receive a letter of reprimand for the conduct established by this record. DONE AND RECOMMENDED this 27th day of August, 1993, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. Joyous D. Parrish Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904)488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 27th day of August, 1993. APPENDIX TO THE RECOMMENDED ORDER IN CASE NO. 92-3138 and 92-6637 Rulings on the proposed findings of fact submitted by Petitioner, Orange County School Board: The following paragraphs are accepted: 1 through 7, 9, 13, 15, 16, 18 through 33, 36 through 43, 45, 46, and 48. Paragraph 8 is accepted with the deletion of the last sentence which is not supported by direct evidence of the incident described; no finding is made as to the underlying facts related to prior directives which have not been supported by competent evidence or an admission by the Respondent. With regard to paragraph 10, it is accepted that Respondent received the directive noted otherwise rejected and not supported by direct evidence of the incident described; no finding is made as to the underlying facts related to prior directives which have not been supported by competent evidence or an admission by the Respondent. With regard to paragraph 11, it is accepted Respondent was adequately apprised of the consequences should his conduct continue; it is not accepted that such warning was in the form of a formal reprimand. Paragraph 12 is rejected as irrelevant. With the deletion of the last sentence which is rejected as irrelevant, paragraph 14 is accepted. Paragraph 17 is rejected as irrelevant. Paragraph 34 is rejected as argument or comment. Paragraph 35 is rejected as irrelevant. Paragraph 44 is rejected as irrelevant. Paragraph 47 is rejected as vague or argument. Paragraphs 49 through 52 are rejected as argument or irrelevant. Rulings on the proposed findings of fact submitted by the Petitioner, Betty Castor: The following paragraphs are accepted: 1, 3 through 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 23 through 32, 34 through 38, 41 through 45, and 47. Paragraph 2 is rejected as contrary to the weight of the credible evidence. Paragraph 11 is not supported by direct evidence of the incident described; no finding is made as to the underlying facts related to prior directives which have not been supported by competent evidence or an admission by the Respondent. Paragraph 13 is rejected as irrelevant. With the deletion of the last sentence of the paragraph which is rejected as irrelevant, paragraph 19 is accepted. With the deletion of the word "severely" which is rejected as vague or argumentative or contrary to the weight of the credible evidence, paragraph 22 is accepted. Paragraph 33 is rejected as contrary to the weight of the credible evidence. Paragraph 39 is rejected as argument. Paragraph 40 is rejected as argument. Paragraph 46 is rejected as argument or vague. Paragraphs 48 through 51 are rejected as argument or irrelevant. Rulings on the proposed findings of fact submitted by the Respondent: The following paragraphs are accepted: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 17, 21 and 22. Paragraph 3 is rejected as irrelevant. Respondent voluntarily accepted the position at Carver and was expected to fulfill his teaching responsibilities at that school. Paragraph 7 is rejected as contrary to the weight of the credible evidence especially as to allegations that he "rarely reacted physically". The last sentence is accepted as accurate. Paragraph 8 is rejected as irrelevant; the discipline options available to Respondent did not include using force. Paragraph 9 is rejected as irrelevant. With regard to paragraph 10, it is accepted that Respondent was offered courses to improve and that he may have attended same, he just didn't comply with the directives or improve his skills either through indifference or otherwise. With regard to paragraph 11, it is accepted Respondent received a reprimand on the date in question for inappropriate discipline techniques; otherwise, rejected as irrelevant or contrary to the credible evidence. With regard to paragraph 12, it is rejected as irrelevant or contrary to the weight of credible evidence. With the deletion of the last sentence which is rejected as contrary to the weight of the credible evidence, paragraph 13 is accepted. Paragraph 14 is rejected as repetitive, argumentative, or irrelevant. Paragraph 15 is rejected as argument or irrelevant. Paragraph 16 is rejected as argument or irrelevant. Paragraph 18 to the extent that it suggests Respondent's action was in self-defense is rejected as contrary to the weight of the credible evidence and otherwise rejected as comment, argument, or irrelevant. Paragraph 19 is rejected as unnecessary comment. Paragraph 20 is rejected contrary to the weight of credible evidence. Paragraph 23 is rejected as contrary to the weight of evidence, argumentative, or irrelevant. Paragraph 24 is rejected as irrelevant. Mr. Wyatt's account of the incident at the hearing has been deemed credible and wholly accurate as to the incident that transpired in the locker room that date. Respondent's account, on the other hand, was not. Paragraph 25 is rejected argumentative and contrary to the weight of credible evidence. The first sentence of paragraph 26 is accepted; the remainder rejected as irrelevant. Paragraph 27 is rejected as speculative, irrelevant, or argumentative. With regard to paragraph 28, it is accepted that Respondent did not use inappropriate language; otherwise rejected as irrelevant or contrary to the weight of the credible evidence. With the clarification that Wyatt did scrape his back on the locker and the rejection of the "allegedly" comment which is contrary to the weight of the credible evidence, paragraph 29 is accepted. Paragraph 30 is rejected as contrary to the weight of the credible evidence. Paragraph 31 is rejected as argumentative and irrelevant. The first sentence of paragraph 32 is accepted; the remainder is rejected as contrary to the weight of the credible evidence. Paragraph 33 is accepted to the extent is identifies Wyatt as the student injured by Respondent on March 20, 1992; otherwise rejected as irrelevant or contrary to the weight of the credible evidence. Paragraph 34 is rejected as contrary to the weight of the credible evidence. Paragraph 35 is rejected as irrelevant or contrary to the weight of the credible evidence. Paragraph 36 is rejected as irrelevant or argument. COPIES FURNISHED: Tobe Lev, Esq. EGAN, LEV & SIWICA, P.A. Post Office Box 2231 Orlando, Florida 32802-2231 Roseanna J. Lee, Esq. Frank C. Kruppenbacher, Esq. HONIGMAN MILLER SCHWARTZ AND COHN 390 N. Orange Avenue, Suite 1300 Orlando, Florida 32801 Margaret E. O'Sullivan, Esq. Jerry Moore, Administrator Professional Practices Services 352 Florida Education Center 325 West Gaines Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0400 Karen Barr Wilde, Exec. Dir. 301 Florida Education Center 325 W. Gaines Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0400 Donald Shaw, Superintendent Orange County Shool Board Post Office Box 271 Orlando, Florida 32802-0271
The Issue Whether Respondent committed the acts alleged in the Notice of Specific Charges and, if so, the discipline, if any, that should be imposed against Respondent’s employment.
Findings Of Fact The Parties Petitioner is the authorized entity charged with the responsibility to operate, control, and supervise the public schools within Miami-Dade County, Florida. Respondent was hired by Petitioner as a school security monitor in March of 1993. Although Respondent was initially assigned to Miami Northwestern High School, he was transferred to Norland High in April 1994, where he remained until the incident that is the subject of this proceeding. Respondent's employment is governed by the collective bargaining agreement between Petitioner and United Teachers of Dade ("UTD"). Pursuant to Article XXI, Section 3.D of the UTD contract, Respondent may only be discharged for "just cause," which includes, but is not limited to, "misconduct in office, incompetency, gross insubordination, willful neglect of duty, immorality, and/or conviction of a crime involving moral turpitude." The Allegations It is undisputed that during the 2009-2010 school year, an unknown number of students staged a series of unauthorized boxing matches1 at various locations on the grounds of Norland High. Of the multiple boxing incidents, this proceeding concerns only one: a match that took place in Norland High's wrestling room at some point between the beginning of the school year and February 2010. On that occasion, approximately 20 students gathered in the wrestling room (a location where the students were not authorized to be) during the second lunch period to view a match between D.L. and another student. Respondent, who was present2 during the entire incident, neither orally directed the students to stop fighting, nor did he physically intervene.3 A videotape of the incident, which was introduced into evidence during the final hearing, depicts the following: 00:07 - D.L. and unidentified student, both of whom are wearing boxing gloves, begin fighting. 00:19 - Several student "referees" separate D.L. and other participant. 00:30 - Respondent, wearing green golf- style shirt (the standard uniform for security monitors), standing in corner of room. 01:07 - Fighting resumes. 01:35 - D.L. and other participant broken up by students; match concludes. 02:00 - Respondent standing near unidentified student participant. 02:25 - Students begin to leave. 02:32 - Video ends. As the forgoing timeline indicates, D.L. and the unidentified student boxed for a total of 40 seconds. Although both students threw a number of punches during that span, most of the blows were wild and either missed or did not land cleanly. Nevertheless, the undersigned finds that the episode presented a condition that was potentially harmful to the physical health or safety of D.L. and the other student participant. Although the boxing incident detailed above is one that should have been reported, at no time did Respondent notify any member of Norland High's administration of what occurred. Respondent's explanation, which the undersigned credits with some reluctance, is that he unsuccessfully attempted to contact school administration upon discovering the incident, only to be informed by a front office worker that the administrators were in a meeting. After the students dispersed, Respondent went to lunch and forgot to follow up on the matter.4 Eventually, one of Norland High's assistant principals, Peter Melton, learned of the incident after a student told him to search YouTube for "Norland fights." Mr. Melton promptly notified the principal of Norland High, and an investigation ensued on or around February 2010. During the initial stages of the investigation, Petitioner suspected that Respondent had organized multiple boxing matches between students on Norland High's campus, charged admission, and awarded prizes to the winners.5 Ultimately, however, Petitioner determined that no probable cause existed to support such allegations, and instead charged Respondent with failing to intervene in the match involving D.L. and with not informing school administration of the incident. Although Norland High's administration faced some level of parental backlash as a result of the boxing incidents, Petitioner did not demonstrate that the backlash was attendant to the charges ultimately filed against Respondent, as opposed to the initial, more serious allegations that Petitioner could not substantiate. Petitioner failed to establish by a greater weight of the evidence that Respondent's effectiveness as a school security monitor has been impaired as a result of his conduct.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that the Miami-Dade County School Board enter a final order: (1) finding that just cause does not exist to terminate Respondent's employment; and (2) imposing an appropriate punishment other than dismissal based upon Respondent's failure to make reasonable effort to protect students from conditions harmful to their physical health or safety. DONE AND ENTERED this 6th day of April, 2011, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. S EDWARD T. BAUER Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 6th day of April, 2011.
Findings Of Fact Respondent, Anthony G. Acito, holds and at all times material hereto held, Teacher's Certificate No. 529895 issued by the State of Florida, Department of Education. Petitioner is certified to teach social studies and elementary education. At all times material hereto Mr. Acito was employed as a teacher with the School Board of Palm Beach County. For the 1982-83 school year Mr. Acito was assigned to Crestwood Middle School where he taught social studies. His teacher's evaluation for that school year reflects an above-satisfactory to outstanding performance. For the 1983-84 school year, Mr. Acito was again assigned to Crestwood Middle School to teach social studies. At this time, due to increased enrollment, additional teacher units were mandated at Crestwood, which included additional physical education classes. Mr. Acito requested and was assigned to teach three physical education classes scheduled for the third, fifth, and seventh periods. The four counts lodged against Mr. Acito in this case deal with corporal punishment and/or excessive use of force by Respondent upon the persons of Scott Collins, Danny Urbaniak, Keith Cojocar, and Norman Bishop, then students in Mr. Acito's seventh hour physical education class, and the incidents complained of all occurred on December 1, 1983, during that class period. At the time of the incidents in question Collins, Urbaniak, Cojocar, and Bishop were, respectively, 13, 12, 12, and 13 years of age. By the complainants' own testimony, it is clear that the students in Mr. Acito's seventh hour physical education class, including the four complainants, were not marvels of decorum and that the class as a whole was quite disruptive. On December 1, 1983, as on other school days, the students changed into their physical education clothing and awaited Mr. Acito on the athletic field until he, also, had the opportunity to change. When Mr. Acito exited the locker room and blew his whistle to signify the commencement of class, the students, ideally, were to form into squads and pay attention. On December 1, 1983, as on other occasions when Mr. Acito blew his whistle and asked for their attention, the students did not quiet down or stop talking, but rather, continued "horsing around" and being disruptive. Scott Collins, although directed to get in his squad, left the formation to get a ball from behind Mr. Acito. Mr. Acito grabbed Collins by the arm and put him back in line. Mr. Acito told Collins, and the rest of the class, to sit down. By Collins' own testimony he was not grabbed hard by Mr. Acito or hurt. He was simply "put back in line." Danny Urbaniak, upon Mr. Acito's direction had formed up into his squad but continued talking to the student in front of him even though he admits Mr. Acito was at that very moment blowing his whistle at another squad trying to get them quiet. Mr. Acito grabbed Urbaniak by the arm, pulled him out of line because of his continued talking, and pushed him back behind the line of squads. Mr. Acito then kicked Urbaniak in the shin and pushed him away. Keith Cojocar entered the seventh hour class late and heard r. Acito arguing with Urbaniak. Even at this point the students were still "fooling around." Consequently, because they were "bad," the students were directed to do exercises rather than play soccer. Mr. Acito directed everyone to do push- ups but Cojocar did not do any, he just "lay there." Mr. Acito took Cojocar by the ear and led him away, put a loose neck hold on him from behind, and asked "if he'd ever do it again,"--to which Cojocar replied "No." Mr. Acito did not harm Cojocar. Norman Bishop, at the conclusion of the seventh hour physical education class, was in the locker room changing into his school clothes. At that time Bishop was speaking with a classmate and opined, regarding the events of that day, that "If he would of hit me, I would of hit him back." Unbeknownst to Bishop, Mr. Acito was standing behind him at the time he made his statement. Mr. Acito grabbed Bishop, turned him around, and pushed him against the lockers with his hand at Bishop's throat and advised Bishop not to tell anyone about what had happened that day. Mr. Acito used such force in pushing Bishop against the locker that Bishop experienced pain in his jaw, swelling in his neck, and headaches. Bishop was examined by Drs. Jerry Tankersley and Douglas J. Phillips. Dr. Phillips' initial diagnosis was that Bishop's temporomandibular joints were dislocated and that he would require orthodontic and therapeutic care estimated to cost approximately $5,000. An investigation into the incidents of December 1, 1983, was commenced December 2, 1983, after the parents of Norman Bishop complained to the principal at Crestwood Middle School. The investigation was abruptly terminated when Mr. Acito submitted his letter of resignation dated December 4, 1983. Prior to the events of December 1, 1983, Mr. Acito was well liked and effective as a teacher. As a consequence of the events of that day, however, he was no longer so regarded. As a consequence of his actions toward Collins, Urbaniak, Cojocar, and Bishop, criminal battery charges were filed against Mr. Acito, in the County Court of the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit, Criminal Division, in and for Palm Beach County, Florida, Case No. 84-699 MMA02. On September 12, 1984, a not guilty verdict was entered.
The Issue The issue is whether respondent's educator's certificate should be disciplined for the reasons cited in the administrative complaint filed on November 7, 1995.
Findings Of Fact Based upon all of the evidence, the following findings of fact are determined: Respondent, Richard T. Vaughn, Jr., is licensed as a teacher having been issued Florida Educator's Certificate 678116 by the Department of Education. The certificate covers the area of sociology and was valid through June 30, 1995. When the events herein occurred, respondent was employed as a mathematics teacher at the Marion Regional Juvenile Detention Center (MRJDC) and The Phoenix Center in the Marion County School District. Based on conduct which occurred during school year 1993-94, on May 19, 1994, respondent was suspended from his teaching position by the Marion County School Board (Board). After an administrative hearing was held in December 1994, a final order was entered by the Board on March 31, 1995, terminating respondent for misconduct in office, incompetency, and willful neglect of duty. After learning of the Board's action, and conducting a further inquiry, petitioner, Frank T. Brogan, as Commissioner of Education, issued an administrative complaint on November 7, 1995, alleging that respondent's conduct also constituted a sufficient ground to discipline his teacher's certificate. The charges stem from incidents which allegedly occurred while respondent taught at MRJDC from September 1993 until April 7, 1994, and at The Phoenix Center from April 8, 1994, until May 17, 1994. In his request for a hearing, respondent has denied all material allegations. During most of school year 1993-94, respondent taught at MRJDC, which is a detention facility for students who are awaiting trial on criminal charges. As might be expected, the students at MRJDC "are very difficult to work with." At hearing, respondent's supervisor established that respondent had "difficulty" with his work, he was "uncooperative" with other faculty and staff, and he had "problems" with his peers. His behavior was generally described by all witnesses as being "bizarre" and "irresponsible." On some occasions, he would become angry with his students and "storm" out of his classroom leaving the students unsupervised. While respondent was teaching at MRJDC, it was necessary for the principal of the school's education center to meet with respondent because he would not speak to any of his colleagues. Respondent took the position that speaking with his peers was not in his job description, and thus it was unnecessary for him to do so. Although admonished by the principal to communicate with his peers, respondent continued to be abrupt and uncommunicative. During his tenure at MRJDC, respondent exhibited irrational and explosive behavior while teaching his classes. For example, he frequently engaged in screaming tirades against students who failed to meet his disciplinary expectations. In addition, it was not unusual for respondent to be confrontational with his students, and if threatened by one, he would challenge the student to carry out the threat, or to meet him outside the classroom to resolve the matter. Respondent's pattern of explosive behavior at MRJDC culminated on April 7, 1994, when the MRJDC superintendent was called to respondent's classroom to resolve an "emergency" situation. As it turned out, a student had thrown some pencil lead, hitting respondent in his glasses. Respondent began yelling at the student and challenging him to come outside the classroom and "take him on" to settle the score. When the superintendent arrived, she asked respondent to leave campus for the remainder of the day. However, respondent became abrupt and confrontational with the superintendent, initially refused to leave, and continued yelling at the student for another five minutes. Because of respondent's pattern of irrational and explosive behavior throughout the school year, and his loss of effectiveness as a teacher at MRJDC with both his colleagues and his students, a decision was made to transfer respondent to The Phoenix Center, an alternative education school, in order to give him one final opportunity. Effective April 8, 1994, respondent was reassigned to The Phoenix Center as an exceptional student education teacher. His class consisted of no more than four or five students. Despite the small number of students, respondent continually called the dean of students to resolve disciplinary problems which arose in his classroom. It can be reasonably inferred that respondent lacked the necessary demeanor and temperament to effectively manage and control his classroom. On May 3, 1994, respondent was described as being "incoherent" and "in a rage" while engaged in an altercation with a student who had threatened him. While the student was being led from the classroom to the principal's office by the dean of students, respondent became "agitated" and followed the student down the hallway continuing to challenge him to carry out his threat. Although ordered by the dean to return to the classroom, respondent initially refused to do so. Respondent's explanation for his conduct was that he was trying to prove a point with the student. For at least the second time that school year, respondent was instructed by the principal not to challenge students who had made threats. By engaging in the conduct described in the previous finding of fact, and that described in findings of fact 6 and 7, respondent intentionally exposed his students to unnecessary embarrassment or disparagement. On May 6, 1994, while coaching a school softball team, respondent became outraged over a call by the umpire and left the campus without permission. During his absence, the students were unsupervised. On May 17, 1994, respondent was returning to campus in his automobile when he approached a group of students in the roadway. One female student ignored her teacher's request to move and intentionally remained in the middle of the road. As he approached the student, respondent gunned his engine and drove straight for the student but hit his brakes stopping just short of her. Respondent later explained that he was merely trying to prove the point that if a student remained in the road with a car approaching, she would "be in trouble." By engaging in this conduct, respondent failed to make a reasonable effort to protect a student's physical safety. By virtue of his personal conduct over the school year at both MRJDC and The Phoenix Center, respondent's effectiveness as a classroom teacher has been seriously reduced.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing findings of fact and conclusions of law, it is RECOMMENDED that the Education Practices Commission enter a final order finding respondent guilty of violating Sections 231.28(1)(f) and (i), Florida Statutes, and Rules 6B-1.006(3)(a) and (e), Florida Administrative Code, revoking his certificate for one year, allowing him to reapply for an educator's certificate only upon certification by a mental health professional that he is competent and capable of performing his duties as an educator, and upon reemployment, placing him on probation for a period of three years. DONE AND ENTERED this 18th day of September, 1996, in Tallahassee, Florida. DONALD R. ALEXANDER, Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675, SunCom 278-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 18th day of September, 1996. COPIES FURNISHED: Karen Barr Wilde, Executive Director Education Practices Commission 224-B Florida Education Center 325 West Gaines Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0400 Kathleen M. Richards, Administrator Professional Practices Services 352 Florida Education Center 325 West Gaines Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0400 Carl J. Zahner, II, Esquire Department of Education Suite 1701, The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0400 Richard T. Vaughn, Jr. 1731 26th Street, South St. Petersburg, Florida 33712
Findings Of Fact At all times material to these proceedings, Respondent, Barry James Rose, was employed in the public schools of Okaloosa County, and worked on a continuing contract as a physical education teacher at Addie R. Lewis Junior High School. The Respondent began teaching at Addie R. Lewis Junior High School during the 1972-1973 school year, and has continued in that capacity up until the date of the hearing in this cause. During the Respondent's entire tenure at this school, Wayne McSheehy, has served as Principal. During this time, the Respondent's principal responsibility was to teach physical education, although he also taught science classes during the 1976-1977 school year and during the 1977-1978 school year. Prior to the 1976-1977 school year, Respondent also coached several sports at the school. During the time that Respondent taught at Addie R. Lewis Junior High School, his wife, Barbara Rose, also taught girls' physical education at that school. During the 1976-1977 school year, Mr. and Mrs. Rose "team taught" during third and fourth periods, and were usually in communication during Respondent's sixth period class. Mrs. Rose's office was located in the girls' physical education locker room, where all physical education equipment for both boys' and girls' classes was kept, along with some of the Respondent's personal belongings. At the beginning of the 1976-1977 school year, Respondent requested and was assigned a teacher aide named Pam Skinner who served as the Respondent's aide throughout the school year. In addition, Miss Skinner knew Mr. and Mrs. Rose outside the school environment in that she lived near the Roses and occasionally baby-say for them. During the 1976-1977 school year Respondent instructed Cynthia Straley and Sherri Wiley in their second period physical education class. Respondent was not these students' assigned instructor for the second period class, and was present in that second period class only during a three-week segment in the spring of 1977. In addition, Respondent instructed Tracy Lynn Scott and Renee Green in their fifth period physical education class during the 1976-1977 school year. The allegations against Respondent are contained in five paragraphs in the Petition for the revocation of teacher's certificate filed by the PPC. For purposes of clarity, the issues raised in these five paragraphs will be dealt with separately. In paragraph one of the Petition, the PPC alleges that during the 1976- 1977 school year the Respondent ". . . was guilty of improper conduct toward a female student by pinching her buttocks, hugging her and placing his hands inappropriately upon her body." There is no testimony in the record that Respondent at any time hugged a female student in any of his classes, and, therefore, it is found that there is no evidence to support that portion of the charge contained in paragraph one. In addition, there is insufficient evidence to support the allegation that Respondent ever pinched any of his students on the buttocks as contended in paragraph one of the Petition. Respondent categorically denies this charge, and the only student testifying that Respondent ever pinched her indicated that this conduct occurred in class throughout the 1976-1977 school year when, in fact, Respondent taught this student's class only during one three-week period in the Spring of 1977. In addition, there was no other testimony to corroborate the student's assertion that Respondent ever pinched her. The last portion of the charge contained in paragraph one of the Petition relates to Respondent having placed his hands "inappropriately upon the body" of the same student whose buttocks he allegedly pinched. The record is clear that this alleged conduct occurred on only one occasion, and that the alleged touching occurred in the context of the performance of an advanced gymnastic exercise. These exercises were optional with the students involved, and were totally voluntary. The student involved did not report the incident to other teachers, in spite of the fact that at least two female teachers were involved in the same class, nor did she report the incident to administrators at the school until the beginning of the following school year. The student's parent, when told of the incident, did not consider it sufficiently serious to bring to the attention of school personnel. The student involved elected to continue the class under the Respondent's guidance, notwithstanding the alleged occurrence. Finally, the record reflects that the conduct alleged in this portion of the charge was acceptable from a teaching standpoint in the context in which it occurred. Consequently, there is insufficient testimony in the record to establish that any alleged touching by Respondent of the student in question was "inappropriate." Paragraph two of the Petition alleged that during the 1976-1977 school year Respondent ". . . made disparaging remarks of a sexual nature to one or more students in his classes." The remark in question is alleged to have been made to Renee Green, a student in Respondent's fifth period physical education class. There is a direct conflict in the testimony with regard to the content of the alleged remark. In her deposition, Miss Green contends that while she was rolling a plastic pipe on the floor during one of Respondent's classes, Respondent said to her: "What are you doing, Renee, trying to get your cheap thrills? I wonder what you do on weekends." Miss Green testified that although the remark upset her, she was not sure why it had that effect on her. Other testimony in the record confirms that the first sentence of the alleged remark was made, but that the second was not. Additionally, Respondent testified that the entire content of his remark was: "Renee, what are you doing, getting cheap thrill." There is no objective evidence in the record on which to base a conclusion that the alleged remark, whether made as asserted by Miss Green or Respondent, was either disparaging or of a sexual nature. Accordingly, the charge contained in paragraph two of the Petition is not supported by competent substantial evidence. In paragraph three of the Petition, the PPC alleges that during the 1976-1977 school year, Respondent ". . . patted and slapped girls on the buttocks in the presence of other students." Respondent admits having patted only one student, Pam Skinner, on the buttocks after the successful completion of a gymnastics exercise. Miss Skinner testified that she took the gesture to be one of commendation and approval of her having successfully completed an exercise on which she had been working for some time. Respondent denies having patted any other students on the buttocks and his contention is supported by virtually all other instructional personnel at the school who had an opportunity to observe the Respondent during the course of his instruction of students in his classes. Notwithstanding this fact, other students who alleged that Respondent had patted them on the buttocks admitted that the patting took place in the context of physical education instruction, and indicated to them only that they should proceed with their activities in accordance with instructions given them by Respondent. The record is totally devoid of any indication that any of the participants considered patting on the buttocks in this context to have been inappropriate. In fact, none of the students involved were sufficiently offended by the alleged conduct to bring it to the attention of school personnel until the following year. In addition, all of the students continued in the Respondent's classes with no apparent ill effects. In paragraph four of the Petition, the PPC alleges that during the 1976-1977 school year, Respondent ". . . entered the girls' locker room where females were dressing without first announcing his intentions to enter the dressing area." There is insufficient evidence in the record on which to base a conclusion that Respondent ever entered the girls' locker room unannounced while female students were in a state of undress. In fact, there is no evidence that Respondent ever entered the girls' locker room unannounced, and only one student testified that Respondent entered the locker room while female students were dressing. The Respondent denies the allegation, and his contentions are substantiated by each of the physical education instructors working with him who were in a position to observe his conduct in this regard. The record is clear that Respondent on occasion had to enter the girls' locker room to obtain equipment to conduct his classes, but that he utilized his teacher aide, Pam Skinner, to insure that no female students were in a state of undress prior to his entrance. It is, therefore, specifically found that Respondent at no time entered the girls' locker room where females were dressing without first announcing his intentions to do so, and that, therefore, there is no evidence to substantiate the allegations of paragraph four of the Petition. In paragraph five of the Petition the PPC alleges that during the 1976-1977 school year, the Respondent ". . . and a female student were alone on one or more occasions in the girls' locker room for an extended period of time with the locker room door closed." Respondent would often enter the girls' locker room, accompanied by his teacher aide, Pam Skinner. Their purpose in entering the locker room was to retrieve girls' physical education equipment which was used by Respondent in instructing his classes. In most instances when Respondent and Miss Skinner entered the girls' locker room, the Respondent's wife, who maintained an office inside the girls' locker was present. The Respondent had specifically asked for assignment of a teacher aide to his classes during the 1976-1977 school year to enable him to remove the equipment from the girls' locker room with a minimum of inconvenience and embarrassment to either himself or his female students. There is no evidence in the record to indicate that Respondent's conduct while in the girls' locker room with his teacher aide, Miss Skinner, was at all improper, and, in fact, the only finding possible from this record is that their visits to the locker room were solely for the purpose of obtaining equipment for the proper instruction of his classes. Accordingly, it is concluded that there is insufficient evidence of record to sustain the charge contained in paragraph five of the Petition. None of the alleged incidents contained in the Petition were considered by the students, their parents, or school administrative personnel to be of sufficient severity to be brought to Respondent's attention during the 1976-1977 school year, despite the fact that several of these alleged incidents were brought to the attention of both parents of the students involved and to school administration personnel It was not until the beginning of the 1977-1978 school year that the school administration decided to investigate these allegations further. Even then, the school principal indicated that he did not consider the allegations of sufficient severity for further disciplinary action until Respondent insisted on obtaining the identities of those persons making the allegations. Even after the allegations were investigated, none of the parents involved requested that their students not be instructed by Respondent during the 1977-1978 school year, and the school principal indicated to the parents that they need not be concerned about their children continuing to be taught by Respondent. In fact, Respondent has, since the allegations occurred, instructed these same female students in subsequent classes, with no apparent ill effect. In addition, during the 1977-1978 school year Respondent was selected as runner up for Teacher of the Year in the same school at which the alleged incidents occurred. Therefore, it clearly appears for the record that, given the fact that neither the parents involved nor school administrative personnel felt it necessary to remove any of the involved female students from Respondent's classes, together with Respondent's performance as a teacher in the school during the 1977-1978 school year, Respondent's effectiveness as an employee of the school system has not been affected by the alleged occurrences.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that a Final Order be entered dismissing the Complaint against Respondent, Barry James Rose. DONE AND ENTERED this 28th day of December 1978 in Tallahassee, Florida. WILLIAM E. WILLIAMS Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings Room 101, Collins Building Mailing Address: Room 530 Carlton Building Tallahassee, Florida 32304 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 28th day of December 1978. COPIES FURNISHED: J. David Holder, Esquire Suite 224 110 North Magnolia Drive Tallahassee, Florida 32301 Richard H. Frank, Esquire John J. Chamblee, Jr., Esquire 341 Plant Avenue Tampa, Florida 33606
The Issue Should Petitioner suspend Respondent without pay for three (3) days for inappropriately physically restraining a student in mid-December, 1996, while Respondent was employed at Tate High School?
Findings Of Fact At all times relevant to the inquiry, Respondent was an instructional employee of the Escambia County School Board. In this capacity he served as a physical education teacher. He also coached football and track. Respondent has been in the teaching profession for more than 21 years. The majority of that service has been in the states of Alabama and Georgia. Respondent has been employed in the Escambia County School District for approximately two years. On March 14, 1996, Respondent received a reprimand from Jim May, Principal of Tate High School. Tate High School is in Gonzalez, Florida, and is part of the Escambia County School District. The letter of reprimand stated: I am writing this letter of reprimand in regards to an incident that occurred at Tate High School on March 12, 1996. It is my findings [sic] that you put your hands on a student and physically forced him in a chair by grabbing him by the elbow. You should never put hands on a student unless to prevent bodily harm to himself or to others. These actions were inappropriate and must not reoccur. Any further actions of this sort on your part will result in serious disciplinary action to you, including possible suspension or termination. In the fall term 1996 Mr. May met with coaches, to include Respondent, and reminded the coaches not to put their hands on students for any reason in relation to involvement between the coaches and student athletes. This meeting was occasioned by an incident between another coach and a student. The policy which prohibits a teacher from putting his or her hands on a student except to prevent harm to the teacher or to others, is a policy that has application throughout the Escambia County School District. When Respondent was reprimanded on March 14, 1996, Carolyn Spooner, the present Principal at Tate High School, told the Respondent, that he should have allowed the student whom he forced into a chair to walk out of the classroom, as opposed to forcing the student into the desk chair. It was the student's intention to leave the classroom before Respondent forced the student into the chair. If the student had been allowed to leave, Respondent was advised by Ms. Spooner, that the Respondent could have sent a referral to the Dean or sent for a Dean to offer assistance. The referral practice, as contrasted with physical restraint, is the policy for the Escambia County School District. While the Student Handbook describing rights and responsibilities for students in the School District of Escambia County in the 1996-97 School Year contemplates possible corporal punishment, the school district does not impose corporal punishment for high school students. In any event the imposition of corporal punishment is not conducted ad hoc through the instructional staff. It may only be conducted through means established by guidelines for administering such punishment, which establish the nature of the punishment to be administered, under what conditions, and by whom. Notwithstanding the admonitions to Respondent to refrain from placing his hands on students other than in the limited circumstances described, Respondent violated those instructions and acted contrary to the school district policy. This incident occurred on December 10, 1996, at Tate High School while Respondent was teaching a physical education class. On that date a student was less than cooperative in his participation in the physical education class. Basically, the student was unwilling to participate. There was some question about the student's ability to participate. This circumstance followed a history of the student not participating and having provided written excuses from his mother relieving him of the responsibility to participate in the physical education class. Nonetheless, on this date, Respondent felt that the student should walk, while other students played softball. At some point during this episode the student sat on some bleachers at the athletic field and refused to walk as he had been instructed to do by the Respondent. Respondent took the student by the elbow and "helped" the student down from the bleachers. They then commenced to walk around the practice field with Respondent holding the student by the arm. The student pulled away from the Respondent and stated words to the effect that he was not going to do anything on the field that he did not want to do. Respondent sent the student to the "office" to be punished, but the Respondent did not write a referral as required by school district policy. As a result of the Respondent placing his hands on the student's arm, the student received bruises on the underside of his left arm that left dark spots. That injury was reported by the student's mother. The marks that were left on the underside of the student's arm were still visible the following day. The incident was investigated by Ms. Spooner and Roy Ikner, Assistant Principal at Tate High School. On December 13, 1996 Ms. Spooner, as Principal for Tate High School, gave notice to Respondent that disciplinary action was being considered for "grabbing the student by the arm." Ms. Spooner met with the Respondent on December 16, 1996. In that meeting Respondent did not, and does not now, deny putting his hands on the student. Eventually Jim May, who had been elected superintendent of schools, gave notice to Respondent on January 22, 1997, that the superintendent was recommending the imposition of a three-day suspension without pay for the incident with the student that took place on December 10, 1996. The nature of the alleged misconduct was inappropriate physical restraint of the student. The facts reveal that Respondent inappropriately physically restrained the student on December 10, 1996, in violation of earlier instructions from his supervisor to refrain from that conduct. Other than the letter of reprimand and the incident at issue in this case, no other proof has been offered concerning prior discipline of the Respondent. The Respondent in his defense presented assessment system evaluations for the school years 1995-96 and 1996-97, in which he has been found to be a satisfactory teacher overall and has exceeded expected performance in parts of the performance evaluations.
Recommendation Based upon the findings of fact and the conclusions of law, it is, RECOMMENDED: That a final order be entered which finds Respondent guilty of misconduct by the inappropriate physical contact with a student on December 10, 1996, and suspends Respondent without pay for three days. DONE AND ENTERED this 1st day of July, 1997, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. CHARLES C. ADAMS Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (904) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (904) 921-6847 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 1st day of July, 1997. COPIES FURNISHED: John L. Hammons, Esquire Hammons and Whittaker, P.A. 17 West Cervantes Street Pensacola, Florida 32501 John Benavidez 10141 Vixen Place Pensacola, Florida 32514 Jim May, Superintendent School District of Escambia County 215 West Garden Street Post Office Box 1470 Pensacola, Florida 32597-1470
Findings Of Fact The Respondent has been employed as a teacher within the Brevard County School System since 1969. He was employed on the instructional staff at Creel Elementary School during the 1969-70 school year. In 1970, he was transferred to Melbourne High School where he served as a physical education teacher through the 1977-78 school year. At the end of that year, he was involuntarily transferred to University Park Elementary School. He was employed as a physical education instructor at University Park from September, 1978, until March 25, 1981. Respondent's employment with the Brevard County School System was based on a continuing contract. On March 24, 1981, the School Board approved a recommendation of its Superintendent, the Petitioner, that the Respondent's employment be terminated. Respondent requested a formal hearing, and he has been under suspension without pay pending the resolution of this proceeding. From 1969 through the 1978-79 school year, the Respondent received consistently satisfactory evaluations of his job performance. This includes the first year of his employment as a physical education teacher at University Park Elementary School. It was not until the 1979-80 school year, under a new principal at University Park, that the Respondent's performance was evaluated as unsatisfactory. The Respondent's job performance for the 1979-80 school year and for the 1980-81 school year up to the date of his suspension was evaluated as unsatisfactory. Unsatisfactory evaluations of the Respondent's performance for these past two school years accurately reflect the quality of his work. His general job performance was poor, and he was guilty of several specific instances of misconduct. The Respondent was responsible for conducting several one-half hour physical education classes during the course of the school day at University Park. His classes typically had fifty students. The Respondent did not adequately supervise his students. Rather than teaching fundamental skills, and skills which would lead into group activities, the Respondent typically had his classes run a lap, perform exercises, then engage in "free play." The Respondent would only infrequently organize his classes into group sports activities, and he did not properly teach his students skills which would provide a proper background for group sports activities. In administering physical fitness tests, the Respondent did not keep adequate records of his students' performance. This resulted in his students not being able to participate in awards programs, and, for the 1980-81 school year, resulted in his students having to be retested. While other physical education classes would have "free play" for only a portion of one class weekly, the Respondent had a pattern of allowing more "free play" activity than organized activity. This is contrary to the purposes of the physical education program and resulted in a lack of uniformity among the skill level achievement of students at University Park Elementary School. The Respondent did not prepare adequate plans for his classes. Despite constant criticism of the regular weekly plans that he prepared, his plans improved only in isolated instances. Generally, they reflected no effort to plan class activities. Respondent's inadequate plans made it difficult for other physical education teachers to coordinate their schedules with the Respondent's, made evaluation of the Respondent's performance difficult, made it difficult for substitute teachers to take over the Respondent's classes, and contributed to the Respondent's classes being disorganized. The Respondent did not adequately cooperate with other physical education teachers at University Park. On occasion, the disorganization of his classes would impede the orderly conduct of other classes. The Respondent did not adequately supervise his students' use of equipment, and he improperly allowed students access to the equipment room. In several specific instances, the Respondent engaged in conduct that constitutes misconduct. The Respondent struck one of his students, Tuan Luong, in such a manner that the student was hurt and humiliated. The incident was not an intentional effort on the Respondent's part to injure or punish the student. Instead, the Respondent and the student had had a relationship which included feigned roughhousing. Late in April, 1980, after the Respondent and the student had engaged in such activity, the Respondent struck the student in the stomach. It does not appear that the Respondent's intention was other than playful; however, he clearly injured the student more than he intended. The incident caused the student to transfer out of the Respondent's class. On another occasion, the Respondent struck a student, Randy Vernon, with a whistle strap. The striking was severe enough to raise welts on the student's wrist and to cause the student to be sent to the infirmary. It appears that this also developed as the result of playful roughhousing; however, the severity of the injury establishes that it was inappropriate. On the last day of classes at the conclusion of the 1979-80 school year, the Respondent washed his car on school property using school facilities. While the Respondent did not have any specific assignments to perform while he was washing his car, there were record keeping and inventory activities that he could have performed. Furthermore, he was on duty, not free to engage in activities for his own benefit, and the use of school facilities for his private purposes was inappropriate. On one occasion, the Respondent used two sixth grade students to assist him in straightening out the physical education office. At his request, and with the permission of their teacher, the students stayed beyond their recess class to assist him. It was contrary to school policy to use students in this manner without first obtaining permission from the administration. The Respondent failed to obtain such permission. During December, 1980, there was a new student in one of the Respondent's first grade physical education classes. The student had not had physical education classes before, and he became upset during the class for reasons that do not reflect upon the Respondent. The student ran away from the class. Rather than taking immediate steps to find the student and return him to the class, Respondent sent other students to the administrative offices to advise them that the child had run away from the class. The student was later found by a parent off of the school grounds, and he was returned to the school. The Respondent was in a position, if he had taken immediate action, to have intercepted the student and prevented him from leaving the school grounds. The Respondent testified that he was concerned for the continued smooth operation of his classes. This latter concern is commendable; however, under the circumstances that confronted him, the Respondent was in a position of having to act immediately to prevent potential harm to the student. He failed to act as circumstances required. The Respondent would typically have students run laps, or do push-ups as punishment for misbehavior. Such measures are inappropriate, especially in elementary schools, because one of the purposes of the physical education program is to encourage students to engage in physical activities. Using physical activities as punishment runs counter to this goal. The Respondent ceased utilizing laps as punishment when he was so instructed, but continued to utilize push-ups. When advised to stop using push-ups as punishment, he ceased that. Respondent's use of running laps and push-ups as punishment reflects a lack of understanding of the proper role of a physical education program in an elementary school. The Respondent's supervisors, including the Principal and Curriculum Coordinator, made efforts to work with the Respondent in order to improve his job performance. There were periods of time when his performance improved, but generally the quality of his work was inadequate during the entire 1979-80 and 1980-81 school years. The Respondent has been charged with insubordination. It does not appear, however, that the Respondent intentionally disobeyed any instructions. Rather, his performance simply did not measure up to instructions given him. It does appear that when specifically instructed to cease activities such as using laps and push-ups as punishment, the Respondent complied. There was considerable testimony offered with respect to other specific instances of misconduct on the Respondent's part. This testimony has been rejected, and the only instances of misconduct found to have occurred are those set out herein. Much of the testimony as to these other instances was of a hearsay nature, and cannot serve as the basis for a finding of fact. For example, there was testimony that the Respondent struck a first grade student. This testimony came from the student's mother, who heard it from the student. The alleged incident was not observed by any witness who testified, and the Respondent was utterly without an opportunity to cross-examine with respect to it. The Respondent was not totally unpopular as a teacher at University Park Elementary School. He is well liked by many fellow faculty members and students. Students would frequently request the Respondent to join them at class parties, and many of his students missed him and were resentful of his suspension.
Findings Of Fact The Respondent was a noninstructional employee of the School Board of Date County, Florida at all times material hereto, and was assigned to Thomas Jefferson Junior High School as a teacher's aide. The Respondent has six years' experience as a teacher's aide with the Dade County School System. He has a high school education and thirteen months of college, as well as twelve months of technical training, including studies in psychology. The Respondent has never, in all the time he has been employed in the Dade County School System, had any complaints lodged against him for aggressive or violent conduct and has never been previously involved in an incident in which he struck a student, although on one occasion he had to defend himself when a student attacked him. On September 22, 1980, the Respondent escorted some students to a physical education class on the school athletic field. While he was attempting to get the complaining student, Jose Velez, to return to the classroom, that student threatened him with violence and ultimately physically attacked the Respondent. Mr. Turnquist had to restrain the student and escort him to the school office for imposition of disciplinary measures regarding his behavior. The Petitioner's first witness, Gloria Randolph, is the Assistant Principal for Curriculum and Teacher Morale. She supervises the Exceptional Student Department, as well as the teachers' aides, and is acquainted with the protagonists in the subject incident. She observed the Respondent enter the school office with the student, Jose Velez, conversing in loud voices, both the Respondent and Velez appearing quite agitated. The Respondent told her that he "brought this boy up here and want something done about it." The Respondent and the subject student, at that time, were standing about five feet apart. She stepped between them, but the student kept advancing and she had to shove him back repeatedly. The student, Velez, acting in an aggressive, mocking manner, urged the Respondent to hit him, and threatened him with bodily harm. The tension between the two kept increasing, with the ultimate result that the Respondent struck the student with a light blow to the cheek. According to both Petitioner's witnesses, the student seemed relieved at that point and immediately calmed down. Witness Randolph acknowledged that the Respondent exercised good judgment, up until the point of striking the student, because he followed appropriate procedures in bringing the student to the office for disciplinary measures to be taken, and did not indulge in an argument with the student, although she did feel it was poor judgment for him to strike the student. The student, Jose Velez, is at least six feet in height and is considerably taller than the Respondent. Petitioner's witness, Marilyn Mattran, a teacher at Jefferson Junior High School, who was in the office and observed the subject altercation, established that Velez repeatedly threatened the Respondent with physical harm and that the student engaged in most of the yelling and in the aggressive behavior she observed. She corroborated the fact that when the Respondent actually struck Velez, that he immediately calmed down. She also corroborated the testimony of witness Randolph, as well as the Respondent's witness, Leah Alopari, that Jose Velez is an emotionally disturbed student who has an extensive history of aggressive, violent behavior and has made a practice of threatening students and teachers with physical violence and harm, even to the extent of threatening the use of a deadly weapon. He has, on occasion, done physical violence to other children. These three witnesses all acknowledged that the Respondent has never in the past, in their experience, demonstrated poor judgment in his conduct toward and transactions with students or teachers. Leah Aloari is the Respondent's supervising teacher. Jose Velez was one of her students, and she corroborated the fact, demonstrated by the other witnesses, that this particular student was aggressive, difficult to control and prone to engage in violent behavior. The Respondent assisted her in helping discipline her students, with the academic program and in escorting children to and from lunch, classes and the athletic field. She has never observed the Respondent engage in violent behavior in his relations with teachers or students, nor commit an act which exhibited poor judgment or misconduct in the course of his duties. As indicated above, the Respondent has had an exemplary record in his six years with the Dade County School System. Jose Velez, on the other hand, has been a constant disciplinary problem as acknowledged by the Petitioner's and Respondent's witnesses. The Respondent has a chronic neck injury involving a pinched nerve in the neck, and genuinely believed himself to be in danger of physical assault and harm by Velez when the incident occurred in the office. He believed it unwise to retreat in the fact of Velez's threats and aggressive advance upon him because he felt Velez was about to physically attack him. The Respondent did not feel that the other teacher and the Assistant Principal, who were the only other persons in the office at the time, could have restrained or adequately controlled Velez alone if he had retreated. There is no question, especially in view of the fact that the Respondent had already been assaulted by the student on the athletic field, that he genuinely believed that the situation called for him taking steps to defend himself. His act of self-defense in striking the student was itself marked by some restraint in the sense that he withheld striking the student with as much force as he was capable of. There is no evidence that he caused any permanent harm to the student. Indeed, even the Petitioner's witnesses established that it had the beneficial effect of calming the student down and preventing any further violent conduct on his part or possible injury to the students, the Respondent, others present, or possible damage to the Petitioner's property in the immediate vicinity. The undersigned considers it significant also that the student, although initially complaining of the Respondent's action, did not appear and testify at the hearing in furtherance of his complaint against the Respondent and that there was no significant physical injury inflicted upon Velez.
