Findings Of Fact In April, 1988, Petitioner sat for the examination given by Respondent to become certified in Florida as a Professional Engineer. Petitioner received a failing grade on the examination. Petitioner received a score of 46 where a score of 48 was necessary to pass the examination. Following notification that he had failed the examination, Petitioner filed a timely challenge to question 275 of the examination, contending that he had been given inadequate credit for his answer. A perfect answer to question 275 was worth 10 points. When Petitioner's answer to question 275 was first graded, Petitioner was awarded a score of 2 points. At Petitioner's request, his answer to question 275 was reevaluated. As a result of the reevaluation, Petitioner was awarded an additional two points for his answer to question 275, so that the total points awarded Petitioner for his answer to question 275 was 4 points of the possible 10 points. Petitioner contends that he should be awarded at least six points for his answer to question 275. The examination questions were prepared by the National Council of Engineering Examiners, which prepares examination questions for a number of states, including the State of Florida. Question 275 required the applicant to answer the question by assuming certain data and by applying a certain formula. The question required the applicant to give the answer and to show how he arrived at the answer. The final answer to the question given by Petitioner was the correct answer to the question. However, in coming to his answer, Petitioner did not use the formula required by the question and he did not properly utilize the information given by the question. The answer given by Petitioner to question 275 of the examination was only partially correct. The score Petitioner received for his partially correct answer was not arbitrarily or capriciously awarded.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is: RECOMMENDED that Respondent, State of Florida, Department of Professional Regulation, enter a final order which denies Petitioner's challenge to question 275 of the examination. It is further recommended that the exhibits filed in this proceeding be sealed. DONE and ENTERED this 14th day of September, 1989, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. CLAUDE B. ARRINGTON Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, FL 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 14th day of September, 1989. APPENDIX TO RECOMMENDED ORDER IN CASE NO. 89-3254 The rulings on the proposed findings submitted on behalf of Petitioner in his letter filed September 5, 1989, are as follows: The proposed findings contained in the first paragraph of the letter are rejected as being unsupported by the record and as being argument. The proposed findings contained in the second paragraph of the letter are rejected as being contrary to the evidence presented at the formal hearing. The proposed findings contained in the third and fourth paragraphs are rejected as being argument The rulings on the proposed findings contained in Respondent's Proposed recommended order are as follows: The proposed findings contained in the first paragraph are accepted in substance. See Paragraphs 1 and 2 of the recommended order. The proposed findings contained in the second paragraph are rejected as being contrary to the evidence. See Paragraph 2 of the recommended order. The proposed findings contained in the third paragraph are accepted in substance. See Paragraph 3 of the recommended order. The proposed findings contained in the fourth paragraph are accepted in substance. See Paragraph 4 of the recommended order. The proposed findings contained in the fifth paragraph are rejected as being subordinate to the conclusions reached. The proposed findings contained in the sixth paragraph are rejected as being subordinate to the conclusions reached and as being the recitation of testimony. COPIES FURNISHED: Francisco A. Lee 3885 Edgar Avenue Boynton Beach, Florida 33436 E. Harper Field, Deputy General Counsel Department of Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792 Kenneth E. Easley, - General Counsel Department of Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792 Allen R. Smith, Jr., Executive Director Department of Professional Regulation Board of Professional Engineers 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792
Findings Of Fact Based upon all of the evidence, the following findings of fact are determined: In February 1989, petitioner, Michael J. Millillo, Jr., was a candidate on the certified building contractor examination. The test is prepared and administered by respondent, Department of Professional Regulation, Construction Industry Licensing Board (Department or Board). Petitioner later received written advice from the Department that he had made a grade of 63 on Part II of the examination. According to agency rules, a score of at least 69.1 is required for passing. Petitioner then filed an appeal of his examination results contending that question 8 was ambiguous and that question 20 contained more than one correct answer. That prompted this proceeding. As a result of a stipulation by counsel at hearing, petitioner was given credit for his answer to question 20 and his grade was raised to 67. Accordingly, the appeal is now limited to question 8. The examination was prepared by the National Assessment Institute and requires an examinee to use "entry level" knowledge in formulating his responses. Question 8 was a mathematics question having a value of four points on a candidate's overall score. It is undisputed that if Millillo had received four additional points he would have passed the examination. Question 8 was a multiple choice question containing four possible answers. Although the question cannot be repeated verbatim here because of confidentiality constraints, it required a candidate to make nine separate mathematical calculations in order to arrive at the correct solution. Petitioner's challenge is limited to the first calculation, and more specifically, to the wording in the question. He contends that the wording was so ambiguous that a candidate could easily arrive at a different answer than suggested by the Board. In general terms, the subpart in dispute provided a candidate with an annual payroll cost for a general superintendent who was the supervisor on a project taking one hundred fifty days to complete. The candidate was required to calculate the superintendent's cost assuming he spent 15% of his time on the project. The solution was derived by multiplying a .15 factor X 150/360 X the annual payroll cost. Petitioner testified on his own behalf and suggested that the question assumed the superintendent devoted 15% of his total time for the entire year to the project, and that the appropriate cost would be obtained by multiplying that percentage factor times the individual's annual payroll cost. The resulting number was approximately twice as great as the Board's correct solution. Respondent's consultant, George Bruton, is a licensed contractor and assisted in the preparation of the examination questions. He considered the question to be clear and unambiguous and required a student to recognize that the superintendent spent 15% of his total time on the project for five months, which was the life of the project. This interpretation is logical and reasonable, consistent with the wording in the question, and is found to be correct. The witness added that because 78% of all candidates on the examination obtained the correct answer, it reinforces his contention that the question was not ambiguous.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing findings of fact and conclusions of law, it is RECOMMENDED that a final order be entered denying petitioner's request to receive a passing grade on the February 1989 certified building contractor's examination. DONE and ORDERED this 6th day of November, 1989, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. DONALD R. ALEXANDER Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 6th day of November, 1989. APPENDIX TO RECOMMENDED ORDER, CASE NO. 89-4312 Respondent: 1. Substantially adopted in finding of fact 1. 2-4. Substantially adopted in finding of fact 2. 5. Substantially adopted in finding of fact 5. 6-7. Substantially adopted in finding of fact 6. COPIES FURNISHED: Frederick F. Rudzik, Esquire One Fourth Street, North Suite 800 St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 E. Harper Field, Esquire 1940 North Monroe Street Suite 60 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792 Fred Seely Executive Director Construction Industry Licensing Board Post Office Box 2 Jacksonville, Florida 32202 Kenneth E. Easley, Esquire 1940 North Monroe Street, Suite 60 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792
The Issue Whether Petitioner is entitled to additional credit for his responses to question numbers 21 and 24 of the Principles and Practice of Engineering Examination administered in April 1998.
Findings Of Fact Petitioner took the April 24, 1998 professional engineering licensing examination with an emphasis in civil engineering. A score of 70 is required to pass the test. Petitioner obtained a score of 69. In order to achieve a score of 70, Petitioner needs a raw score of 48. Therefore, Petitioner is in need of at least one additional raw score point. Petitioner is challenging question numbers 21 and 24. They are both multiple-choice questions and worth one point each. Exhibit 10 contains a diagram for the candidate's use in answering question numbers 21 and 24. Question 21 requires the examinee to calculate the percentage of wooded land on the diagram. The diagram contains a rectangle labeled "woodlot," and within the rectangle are three non-contiguous areas marked with schematics of trees. The Petitioner reduced the percentage of wooded area to conform to the portion of the area labeled "woodlot" marked with schematics of trees. In regard to question number 21, the Petitioner asserts that as a matter of convention, by failing to put the trees everywhere in the wooded lot, one may assume that there are trees only where there is a schematic of the trees. The Petitioner's challenge was rejected on the basis that the scorer opined that it is standard practice that drawings are only partially filled with details, and the most reasonable interpretation of the site plan drawings is that the woodlot fills the entire area enclosed by the rectangle. John Howath, a professional engineer, testified regarding accepted conventions in engineering drawings. In Howath's opinion the drawing on the examination used inconsistent methodologies and was confusing regarding whether all of the area designated by the label or "call out" of woodlot was in fact wooded. Both the Petitioner and Mr. Howath referred to drawings in the Civil Engineering Reference Manual which showed areas on drawings totally covered with visual indications of a particular material or condition. Peter Sushinsky, a professional engineer, testified as an expert for the Respondent. Mr. Sushinsky acknowledged the Petitioner's exhibits; however, Mr. Sushinsky noted that these were only a few examples of drawings that are available. Mr. Sushinsky referenced construction drawings he had seen in his practice with partial "cross-hatching" just like the diagram on the examination. In sum, Mr. Sushinsky's experience was that diagram might be totally or partially "cross-hatched." In Mr. Sushinsky's opinion it was not a bad diagram, only subject to a different interpretation by a minor group. Question number 24 asked the candidate to calculate the weir peak discharge from the catchment area using the rational formula. The Petitioner asserts the question is misleading and should read, "What is the peak discharge from the watershed?" The Petitioner bases his assertion on the ground that the "rational formula" is used to compute discharge from a watershed not a weir, as mandated by the question. The scorer did not address the Petitioner's concerns. The scorer stated, "It is clear from the item statement that the weir equation is not to be used." However, the questions ask the candidate to compute the weir discharge. Jennifer Jacobs, a professor of engineering, testified regarding the rationale formula that it was used to calculate watershed discharge and not weir discharge. All experts agreed that the rational formula is not used to compute weir discharge. The experts all agree that the question was confusing because the rational formula is not used to calculate the discharge from a weir. The Respondent's expert justifies the answer deemed correct on the basis that if one uses the rational formula and computes the watershed discharge, one of the answers provided is close to the result. The Respondent's expert calculated the watershed discharge as 230.6 cubic feet per second (cfs). The answer deemed correct was 232 cfs. The expert stated the weir attenuates flow. If the weir attenuates flow one would expect an answer less than 230.6 cfs., not an answer equal to or greater than 230.6 cfs. The amount of attenuation is based upon the physical features of the impoundment area and the mouth of the weir. Weir Attenuation varies. The only answers smaller than 230.6 are 200 or 32. Is the 232 cfs. answer wrong because it does not allow for attenuation by the weir? How much did the weir attenuate the flow? Under these facts, the question is capricious. The Respondent argues that the Petitioner didn't follow instructions while acknowledging that the "correct" answer is not the answer to the question that was asked.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law set forth herein, it is RECOMMENDED: That the Respondent enter a final order awarding Petitioner two raw points and a passing score on the Principles and Practice of Engineering Examination. DONE AND ENTERED this 20th day of May, 1999, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. STEPHEN F. DEAN Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 20th day of May, 1999. COPIES FURNISHED: Mark W. Nelson 720 Northwest 31st Avenue Gainesville, Florida 32609 Natalie A. Lowe, Esquire Board of Professional Engineers 1208 Hays Street Tallahassee, Florida 32301 Dennis Barton, Executive Director Board of Professional Engineers 1208 Hays Street Tallahassee, Florida 32301 William Woodyard, General Counsel Department of Business and Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792
The Issue The primary issue for determination is whether Petitioner should be permitted to take the examination provided by Respondent to individuals seeking licensure as a certified residential contractor.
Findings Of Fact By certified mail letter dated September 8, 1989, Respondent's representative denied Petitioner's application to sitfor the residential contractor licensure examination. At all times pertinent to these proceedings, Petitioner has been licensed by Respondent as a certified underground utility contractor; a certified building contractor; a certified general contractor; a certified roofing contractor; and a certified plumbing contractor. At the present time, Petitioner's licenses as an underground utility contractor and a general contractor are inactive. Petitioner derives 60 percent of his income from consulting services and service as an arbitrator in negotiation and settlement of contracting industry disputes. Petitioner maintains that his credibility as a consultant and expert witness will be bolstered as a result of completing the specific examination for licensure as a residential contractor. Further, he maintains that possibilities of his selection as a arbitrator will also be enhanced as the result of such examination and licensure. Petitioner is also an instructor for an examination preparation organization designed to prepare individuals to pass various state and local contractor examinations, including the examination required for licensure as a certified residential contractor. Respondent's denial of Petitioner's application was predicated upon Petitioner's existing licensure status as a building contractor, as defined in Section 489.105(3)(b), Florida Statutes. As stated by Respondent's representative in the September 8, 1989 letter, Petitioner's statutory scope of work asa licensed building contractor "includes and surpasses that of a residential contractor as defined by Section 489.105(3)(c), Florida Statutes" and therefore submittal of an application for a residential contractor license did not serve the purpose of determining Petitioner's qualification for that license. An applicant who successfully completes the examination offered by Respondent for licensure as a general contractor has essentially demonstrated competency in the areas covered by Respondent's examinations for builder and residential contractor licensure. Such an applicant may be considered to have completed the examinations for competency to hold those licenses. At the final hearing, the parties stipulated that Respondent has reconsidered its denial, in part, and will issue a residential contractor license to Petitioner. While Petitioner will not be permitted to take the examination for residential contractor licensure, his previous test score from the general contractor examination will be used, by Respondent, to document Petitioner's competency as a residential contractor and to comply with statutory requirements 1/ for licensure that competency be ascertained by the applicant's completion of the appropriate examination.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing, it is hereby RECOMMENDED that upon issuance of a residential contractor's license to Petitioner, a final order be entered dismissing, as moot, any further proceedings in this cause. DONE AND ENTERED this 12th day of September, 1990, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. DON W.DAVIS Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Fl 32399 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 12th day of September, 1990.
The Issue Whether Petitioner is entitled to additional credit for his responses to Questions 23 and 27 of the Contract Administration section of the General Contractor licensure examination administered in July 1996, and, if so, whether the additional credit would give him a passing grade. Whether Petitioner is entitled to additional credit for his responses to Questions 11, 23, and 35 of the Contract Administration section of the General Contractor licensure examination administered in April 1997 and, if so, whether the additional credit would give him a passing grade.
Findings Of Fact Petitioner took the Contract Administration section of the General Contractor’s licensure examination in July 1996 and in April 1997. Between the two exams, Petitioner passed all sections of the examination except the Contract Administration section. Petitioner’s score on the Contract Administration section of the July 1996 examination, as graded by Respondent’s Bureau of Testing, was 65. His score on the Contract Administration section of the April 1997 examination was 67.5. For both examinations, there were 40 questions on the Contract Administration section. A candidate had to achieve a score of 70 to pass that section of the examination. Because each question was equally weighted, a candidate would have to correctly answer 28 questions to earn the passing score. All questions challenged by Petitioner were multiple- choice questions where the candidate was instructed to give the best answer from four possible choices. Prior to the examinations, the candidates were given a list of approved reference materials. The candidates were permitted to refer to those reference materials while taking the examinations. Respondent’s score of 65 on the July 1996 examination was based on the Bureau of Testing’s determination that Petitioner correctly answered 26 of the 40 questions. To earn a passing grade on the Contract Administration section of the July 1996 examination, Petitioner would have to receive credit for correctly answering two additional questions. His score of 67.5 on the April 1997 was based on the determination that he correctly answered 27 of the 40 questions. To earn a passing grade on the Contract Administration section of the April 1997 examination, Petitioner would have to receive credit for correctly answering one additional question. QUESTION 23 OF THE JULY 1996 EXAM The correct answer for Question 23 of the July examination is choice “D.” Of the four possible responses, choice “D” is the best answer to the question. Petitioner’s answer to this question was choice “A.” Petitioner did not receive credit for his response to this question because he did not select the best answer. The answer selected by Petitioner would not be the most accurate and cost-effective because the methodology he selected would not detect errors made by the first person performing the computations. The challenged question is a question that a candidate for licensure should be able to answer. The challenged question is not beyond the scope of knowledge that a candidate for licensure should have. The challenged question is not ambiguous. Petitioner is not entitled to additional credit for his response to Question 23 of the July 1996 exam. QUESTION 27 OF THE JULY 1996 EXAM The correct answer for Question 27 of the July examination is choice “C.” This correct answer is supported by reference materials made available to all candidates. Petitioner’s answer to this question was choice “B.” Petitioner did not receive credit for his response to this question because he did not select the correct answer to the question. The challenged question is a question that a candidate for licensure should be able to answer. The challenged question is not beyond the scope of knowledge that a candidate for licensure should have. The challenged question is not ambiguous. Petitioner is not entitled to additional credit for his response to Question 27 of the July 1996 exam. QUESTION 11 OF THE APRIL 1997 EXAM The correct answer for Question 11 of the April 1997 examination is choice “C.” This correct answer is supported by reference materials made available to all candidates. Petitioner’s answer to this question was choice “D.” Petitioner did not receive credit for his response to this question because he did not select the correct answer to the question. The challenged question is a question that a candidate for licensure should be able to answer. The challenged question is not beyond the scope of knowledge that a candidate for licensure should have. The challenged question is not ambiguous. Petitioner is not entitled to additional credit for his response to Question 11 of the April 1997 exam. QUESTION 23 OF THE APRIL 1997 EXAM The best answer for Question 23 of the April 1997 examination is choice “C.” This correct answer is supported by reference materials made available to all candidates. Petitioner’s answer to this question was choice “A.” While there is some support in the reference material for Petitioner's answer, the greater weight of the evidence established that his choice was not the best answer. Petitioner did not receive credit for his response to this question because he did not select the best answer to the question. The challenged question is a question that a candidate for licensure should be able to answer. The challenged question is not beyond the scope of knowledge that a candidate for licensure should have. The challenged question is not ambiguous. Petitioner is not entitled to additional credit for his response to Question 23 of the April 1997 exam. QUESTION 35 OF THE APRIL 1997 EXAM The correct answer for Question 11 of the April 1997 examination is choice “C.” This correct answer is supported by reference materials made available to all candidates. Petitioner’s answer to this question was choice “D.” Petitioner did not receive credit for his response to this question because he did not select the correct answer to the question. The challenged question is a question that a candidate for licensure should be able to answer. The challenged question is not beyond the scope of knowledge that a candidate for licensure should have. The challenged question is not ambiguous. Petitioner is not entitled to additional credit for his response to Question 11 of the April 1997 exam.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that Respondent enter a Final Order that dismisses the challenges brought by Petitioner to Questions 23 and 27 on the July 1996 exam and to Questions 11, 23, and 35 of the April 1997 exam. DONE AND ENTERED this 3rd day of December, 1997, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. CLAUDE B. ARRINGTON Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (904) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (904) 921-6847 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 3rd day of December, 1997. COPIES FURNISHED: R. Beth Atchison, Esquire Department of Business and Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0750 Mr. Kenneth Marshall 624 Southwest 11th Court Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33315 John Preston Seiler, Esquire 2900 East Oakland Park Boulevard, No. 200 Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33306 Lynda L. Goodgame, General Counsel Department of Business and Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792 Rodney Hurst, Executive Director Construction Industry Licensing Board 7960 Arlington Expressway, Suite 300 Jacksonville, Florida 32211-7467
Findings Of Fact In June, 1987, petitioner, J. Frank Smith, was an examinee on Division (C) of the professional architectural examination. Successful completion of the examination is a prerequisite to the issuance of a license as an architect by respondent, Department of Professional Regulation, Board of Architecture (Board or Department). Petitioner had previously received passing grades on all other parts of the examination. By notice dated October 9, 1987, petitioner was advised by the Department's Office of Examination Services that he had received a "Fail" score on Division (C). After participating in an informal grade review session concerning his examination score, 1/ Smith requested a formal hearing by letter dated December 2, 1987. Although the letter did not identify any alleged errors in the manner in which the examination was graded, Smith's concerns were brought out during final hearing. Division (C) is a twelve hour sketch problem involving building design considerations. On the examination in question, the candidates were required to design a downtown athletic club including a site and first floor plan, a second floor plan, elevations and building section. To receive a passing score, the candidate had to prepare "minimally acceptable solutions" in the following major categories: (a) program requirements, (b) design logic, (c) code compliance, (d) technical aspects, and (e) completeness and clarity of presentation, adherence to test instructions, or required drawing(s) missing. By rule, the Board has established a passing score to be a 3 or 4 while a fail score is 2, 1 or 0. In order to pass, a candidate is required to receive at least two passing scores from the graders. For the June, 1987 examination, approximately 150 professional architects were used to grade the candidates' examinations in two regional locations. The graders were experienced architects who had graded examinations in prior years. Before actually grading the solutions, the graders were given one-half day training sessions which consisted of receiving instructions in the grading process, reviewing the grading criteria and practicing on sample solutions that had already been graded by master jurists. The instruction was given by the director of examinations development for the National Council of Architecture Registration Boards (NCARB). The NCARB is the organization that prepares the examination questions. The live grading began on the afternoon of the first day of the examination. The graders used a holistic grading approach which meant they reviewed the entire examination and made a pass-fail judgment. If a failing grade was assigned, the grader was required to check up to three so-called "weakness boxes" on the grading sheet to indicate in which areas the grader found the candidate to be deficient. A grader was also allowed to make brief written comments next to the checked boxes to elaborate on the perceived weaknesses. After being graded by the first grader, the examination was given to a second and third grader, both of whom were unaware of the scores assigned by the others. If a mixed score occurred, that is, two 2's and a 3 or two 3's and a 2, a master jurist then graded the examination. Therefore, it was possible for the same examination to be graded four times before a final score was assigned. In Smith's case, he initially received two 2's and a 3, or an overall fail score. A master jurist reviewed the solutions and assigned a grade of 2. Thus, Smith did not pass Division (C). Grader 1217-153 assigned a score of 2 and noted that Smith was weak in category M, or completeness and clarity of presentation, adherence to test instructions, or required drawing(s) missing. Grader 1232-155 assigned a score of 2 and checked off areas A, G and K which meant Smith was weak in the areas of program requirements, code compliance and technical aspects, respectively. Finally, Grader 9929-075 concluded that a score of 2 was appropriate since he believed Smith was weak in areas D, E and G. Areas D and E pertained to design logic (circulation) and design logic (spatial relationships/ proportions/adjacencies) while Area G, as noted above, related to technical aspects. The fourth grader assigned a passing score of 3. At hearing, Smith testified on his own behalf and generally reviewed his solution pointing out what he perceived to be his strengths and weaknesses. As he saw it, he attained a passing score. Smith is a graduate, with high honors, of the University of Florida School of Architecture in 1976 and received a master's degree in architecture from the university of Illinois in 1983. He is president of a construction firm in Fort Lauderdale that designs and constructs various projects, both large and small, and his partner is a registered architect. In addition to his own results, Smith offered into evidence the solutions prepared by five other candidates who received passing scores on the June, 1987 examination. Smith then attempted to point out that, even though their solutions contained various flaws, the candidates nonetheless received passing grades. Expert witness Butt, who is a registered architect, was a long time professor and former chairman of the School of Architecture at the university of Florida. He continues to do consulting work for the Board. Butt has been a grader on many examinations and was a master jurist as recently as 1987. Butt regraded Smith's examination and concluded that a score of 2 was appropriate. This was because he noted major deficiencies in the areas of design logic (circulation), code compliance, and completeness, clarity and presentation of the solution as to the structural system. More specifically Smith failed to adequately address certain public circulation questions on the building's first floor. This raised serious concerns as to petitioner's design logic and compliance with building codes. In addition, the structural system, which was required to be shown as part of the transverse section, was incomplete and contained several errors. Further, no structural system was shown on the west side of the building. Other difficulties included poor circulation around the monumental staircase, questionable design logic as to fire safety requirements in front of the building and the use of two hour rated firewalls throughout the entire building even though the fire code required only one hour rated firewalls. Butt's testimony as to the appropriate grade to be assigned Smith's examination is found to be more credible than that of Smith and is hereby accepted. Although several errors were noted on the other solutions of passing candidates, those errors were not so serious in nature as to require a failing grade. Further, such errors were solvable without major modifications in the design intent of the subject, and the candidates had completed all program requirements on the examination.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing findings of fact and conclusions of law, it is RECOMMENDED that the petition of J. Frank Smith to receive a passing score on Division (C) of the June, 1987 professional architectural examination be DENIED. DONE AND ORDERED this 28th day of September, 1988, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. DONALD R. ALEXANDER Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The Oakland Building 2009 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 28th day of September, 1988.
The Issue Whether Petitioner is entitled to credit for his answers to questions 42 and 81 of the morning session of the Fundamentals of Engineering Examination portion of the engineering licensure examination given on April 15, 2000.
Findings Of Fact Worku took the Fundamentals of Engineering Examination portion of the examination for licensure to practice as an engineer intern on April 15, 2000. The examination is a national multiple-choice examination developed and administered by the National Council of Examiners for Engineers and Surveyors (NCEES). The examination is divided into a morning session and an afternoon session. The questions in the morning session are worth one raw point each. The questions in the afternoon session are worth two raw points each. Worku challenged questions 42 and 81, which were on the morning session of the examination. Worku received 56 raw points for the morning session and 52 raw points for the afternoon session for a total raw score of 108 on the examination. Based on the NCEES' Score Conversion Table, a raw score of 108 converts to a score of 69. A converted score of 70, which equates to a raw score of 109-113, is a passing score. Question 81 asked the examinee to identify the geometric shape that was given by an equation provided in the question. Each examinee was given a reference manual during the examination. The manual contains general formulas for the types of geometric shapes listed as possible answers to question 81. The equation given in question 81 was for a specific shape and was not listed among the general formulas in the reference manual. Worku felt that because the general equation was not used that the equation was stated incorrectly. However, the equation was stated correctly. The equation differed from the equation listed in the reference manual because it was for a special shape of the geometric figure. Worku did not answer question 81 correctly. Question 42 dealt with recrystallization as it relates to metal. The question asks the examinee to pick the answer which explains the reference to the term "recrystallization" in the question. Worku contends that there are two correct answers to question 42 and that the answer which he provided is one of the correct answers. The answer which Worku provided is not a correct answer. It refers to the process of annealing, which is the process of decreasing the toughness of a metal. Recrystallization can be a part, but is not always part of annealing. Recrystallization and annealing are not synonymous terms; thus Worku is not entitled to credit for question 42.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that a Final Order be entered finding that Amanuel Worku failed the Engineering Fundamentals Examination with a score of 69. DONE AND ENTERED this 5th day of January, 2001, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. ___________________________________ Susan B. Kirkland Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 5th day of January, 2001. COPIES FURNISHED: Amanuel Worku 18492 Northwest 52nd Path Miami, Florida 33055 Douglas Sunshine, Esquire Florida Engineers Management Corporation 1208 Hays Street Tallahassee, Florida 32301 Natalie A. Lowe, Executive Director Board of Professional Engineers 1208 Hays Street Tallahassee, Florida 32301 Barbara D. Auger, General counsel Department of Business and Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792
The Issue Whether Petitioner's challenge to the failing grade he received on the contract administration portion of the October 2000 General Contractor Examination should be sustained.
Findings Of Fact Based upon the evidence adduced at hearing and the record as a whole, the following findings of fact are made: Petitioner sat for the contract administration portion of the Florida certification examination for general contractors administered in October 2000 (Contract Administration Examination). The Contract Administration Examination consisted of 60 multiple-choice questions of equal value, worth a total of 100 points. To attain a passing score on the Contract Administration Examination, candidates needed to receive a total of 70 points. Of the 378 candidates who took the Contract Administration Examination, 156 received passing scores. Petitioner was not among this group of successful candidates. He received a failing score of 66.67 on the examination. Question 2 of the Contract Administration Examination was a clear and unambiguous multiple-choice question that required the candidate to determine, based upon the information given, on what workday (not calendar day) the pouring of concrete footings for a residential construction project would begin. There was only one correct answer to this question. Approximately 50 percent of the candidates chose this correct response. Petitioner chose another answer that was clearly incorrect because it represented the calendar day (not the workday) on which the pouring would begin. He therefore appropriately received no credit for his answer. Question 9 of the Contract Administration Examination was a clear and unambiguous multiple-choice question that fairly tested the candidate's knowledge of the requirements of Section 489.113(3), Florida Statutes, which provides as follows: A contractor shall subcontract all electrical, mechanical, plumbing, roofing, sheet metal, swimming pool, and air- conditioning work, unless such contractor holds a state certificate or registration in the respective trade category, however: A general, building, or residential contractor, except as otherwise provided in this part, shall be responsible for any construction or alteration of a structural component of a building or structure, and any certified general contractor or certified underground utility and excavation contractor may perform clearing and grubbing, grading, excavation, and other site work for any construction project in the state. Any certified building contractor or certified residential contractor may perform clearing and grubbing, grading, excavation, and other site work for any construction project in this state, limited to the lot on which any specific building is located. A general, building, or residential contractor shall not be required to subcontract the installation, or repair made under warranty, of wood shingles, wood shakes, or asphalt or fiberglass shingle roofing materials on a new building of his or her own construction. A general contractor shall not be required to subcontract structural swimming pool work. A general contractor, on new site development work, site redevelopment work, mobile home parks, and commercial properties, shall not be required to subcontract the construction of the main sanitary sewer collection system, the storm collection system, and the water distribution system, not including the continuation of utility lines from the mains to the buildings. A general contractor shall not be required to subcontract the continuation of utility lines from the mains in mobile home parks, and such continuations are to be considered a part of the main sewer collection and main water distribution systems. A solar contractor shall not be required to subcontract minor, as defined by board rule, electrical, mechanical, plumbing, or roofing work so long as that work is within the scope of the license held by the solar contractor and where such work exclusively pertains to the installation of residential solar energy equipment as defined by rules of the board adopted in conjunction with the Electrical Contracting Licensing Board. No general, building, or residential contractor certified after 1973 shall act as, hold himself or herself out to be, or advertise himself or herself to be a roofing contractor unless he or she is certified or registered as a roofing contractor. There was only one correct answer to this question. Approximately 65 percent of the candidates chose this correct response. Petitioner chose another answer that was clearly incorrect inasmuch as a newly licensed general contractor is not free, pursuant to Section 489.113(3)(b), Florida Statutes, to install or repair wood shake roofs on existing buildings constructed by other contractors. Petitioner therefore appropriately received no credit for his answer. Question 29 of the Contract Administration Examination was a clear and unambiguous multiple-choice question that fairly tested the candidate's ability to calculate, based upon the information given, the cost of delivering 28,000 lineal feet of #5 bars of reinforcing steel. There was only one correct answer to this question . Approximately 67 percent of the candidates chose this correct response. Petitioner chose another answer that was clearly incorrect. He therefore appropriately received no credit for his answer. Question 38 of the Contract Administration Examination was a clear and unambiguous multiple-choice question that fairly tested the candidate's ability to distinguish between unit price contracts and other types of contracts, including lump sum contracts. Approximately 82 percent of the candidates chose this correct response. Petitioner chose another answer that was clearly incorrect. He therefore appropriately received no credit for his answer.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that a final order be entered rejecting Petitioner's challenge to the failing score he received on the contract administration portion of the October 2000 certification examination for general contractors. DONE AND ENTERED this 11th day of May, 2001, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. STUART M. LERNER Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 11th day of May, 2001. COPIES FURNISHED: Michael Richards 3802 Lakewood Road Lake Worth, Florida 33461 Charles F. Tunnicliff, Esquire Department of Business and Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-2202 Kathleen O'Dowd, Executive Director Construction Industry Licensing Board Department of Business and Professional Regulation 7960 Arlington Expressway, Suite 300 Jacksonville, Florida 32211-7467 Hardy L. Roberts III, General Counsel Department of Business and Professional Regulation Northwood Centre 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-2202
The Issue The issues in this case are whether certain questions within the June 2002 construction building contractor examination are invalid, and whether Petitioner should receive credit for certain answers scored as incorrect.
Findings Of Fact In June 2002, Petitioner sat for the construction building contractor examination. Shortly following the exam, Petitioner was advised that he incorrectly answered 17 of the 50 exam questions and did not attain the minimum passing score of 70 percent, but received a failing scaled score of 66 percent. Petitioner timely challenged the validity and scoring of eight questions, including questions 8, 14, 17, 33, 34, 38, 43, and 44. In order for Petitioner to acquire a passing score, Petitioner must prove that certain challenged questions are invalid or demonstrate that he is entitled to receive credit for his answers. Specifically, Petitioner must demonstrate that either three questions should be stricken from the exam providing Petitioner with 70.2 percent, two questions should be stricken and one answer scored as correct providing Petitioner with 70.8 percent or two answers should scored as correct providing Petitioner with 70 percent. QUESTION 8 Exam Question 8 asks, "According to AIA-A201, who determines the interest rate that the contractor can charge on due and unpaid payments?" Petitioner's expert, Mr. Uman, argues that the parties to the contract are not defined within the question and it is therefore misleading. However, the credited answer D, "all the parties must agree on the rate" is within the provided reference material and is clearly the best answer. It is not misleading and Petitioner's argument lacks merit. In addition, 89.47 percent of the test-takers correctly answered Question 8. QUESTION 14 Exam Question 14 is wordy and involves computations. It requires the test-taker to calculate the number of "labor" hours required per 100 pieces to build a wall, given certain pricing and wall construction information. Question 14 is ambiguous and confusing on its face. While the question asks for labor hours, the facts provide a fixed combined hourly cost for a mason and laborer's hour. There is no distinction made between "labor" hours and a "laborer's" hours. Mr. Collier admitted that there is some apparent confusion between "labor" costs and the "laborer's" costs. Mr. Palm further agreed and indicated that he fully understood Petitioner's rationale to divide the labor costs in half and choose answer A. Furthermore, it is clear that Petitioner's perception of the question was not unique. In fact, only 46.62 percent of the test-takers correctly answered Question 14. QUESTION 17 Exam Question 17 asks, "During the bid process, which document has priority in the event of conflicting information?" Clearly, the correct answer is B, "addenda." Petitioner's argument regarding "competitively bid projects" is without merit. Mr. Palm succinctly explained that Petitioner's selection was obviously incorrect because "plans don't change during the bid process unless there is an addenda issued." Moreover, 75.56 percent of the test-takers correctly answered Question 17. QUESTION 33 Exam Question 33 identifies a situation that where drawings differ from written specifications and where there is no legal precedent that one is more binding than the other. The question specifically calls for the best procedure according to the listed and available reference. While Mr. Uman argues that the answer does not appear within the reference material in a clear manner, the exact text of the question and answer are in fact within the material. Petitioner's argument lacks credibility. QUESTION 34 Exam Question 34 asks the test-taker "what is the EARLIEST workday for completing the masonry work?" given the number of crew, the number of hours required, and the ratio constant of the crew. Although 80.45 percent of the test-takers correctly answered Question 34, Mr. Uman argues that the question could have been answered without reference to the Builder's Guide to Accounting material and therefore, was misleading. Petitioner's argument is devoid of common sense. QUESTION 38 Exam Question 38 asks the test-taker to identify the activity that "a specialty structural contractor is qualified" to perform. Petitioner's expert, Mr. Uman, again argues that the question is misleading since the credited correct answer "perform non-structural work" is not written verbatim in the provided reference material. To the contrary however, all of the alternative choices are clearly listed in the reference material as activities specifically prohibited by specialty structure contractors. Furthermore, page 2B17 to 61G415.015 of the Contractor's Manual specifically states that: The specialty structure contractor whose services are limited shall not perform any work that alters the structural integrity of the building including but not limited to roof trusses. Respondent's experts, Mr. Collier and Mr. Palm, agree that Question 38 is clear. Moreover, 53.38 percent of test- takers correctly answered the question. While the question appears to require enhanced reasoning skills and is generally more difficult, it is not misleading. Petitioner's assertions are without merit. QUESTION 43 Exam Question 43 asks, "Which accounting method should be used by a contractor if the contractor is unable to reasonably estimate the amount of progress to date on a job or the total costs remaining to fulfill the contract?" Mr. Uman argues that the question is ambiguous and the reference material is "not terribly clear." He further alleges that when a contractor cannot estimate progress, the contractor cannot establish a "completed contract method," the credited correct answer. Respondent's experts disagree. While it is true that Mr. Palm agreed that all of the choices are accounting methods which is inconsistent with Mr. Collier's testimony, the reference material is clear. In fact, 58.65 percent of the test-takers correctly answered Question 43. Petitioner presented insufficient evidence that he should receive credit for his answer or that Question 43 should be invalidated. QUESTION 44 Exam Question 44 provides detailed information regarding a standard form contract and asks, "Based ONLY on the information given above, what is the amount of the current payment due?" In addition, however, as Mr. Uman points out, the standard form referred to in the problem was mistakenly misidentified as Form 201 instead of Form 702. While it is clear that the referenced form was mislabeled, the precise form number was incidental, unrelated to the question, and unnecessary to compute the answer. In fact, Mr. Palm explains that the problem was "just a mathematical exercise." According to Mr. Collier, the question was not misleading, and the incorrect reference was irrelevant. "It's simple math, industry knowledge." Furthermore, Petitioner's answer is clearly incorrect because "he failed to deduct the retainage." Finally, 54.89 percent of the test-takers correctly answered Question 44.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that a final order be entered invalidating only Question 14, re-computing Petitioner's examination score, and dismissing his challenge. DONE AND ENTERED this 1st day of October, 2003, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. S WILLIAM R. PFEIFFER Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 1st day of October, 2003. COPIES FURNISHED: Nickolas Ekonomides, Esquire 791 Bayway Boulevard Clearwater, Florida 33767 Charles F. Tunnicliff, Esquire Department of Business and Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street, Suite 60 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-2202 Nancy P. Campiglia, General Counsel Department of Business and Professional Regulation Northwood Centre 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-2202 Robert Crabill, Executive Director Construction Industry Licensing Board Department of Business and Professional Regulation Northwood Centre 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792
