The Issue Whether Respondent, Seven Lakes Association, Inc. (the Association), violated section 760.10, Florida Statutes (2018),1 by discriminating against 1 Unless otherwise indicated, all statutory and administrative rule references are to the 2018 codifications of the Florida Statutes and Florida Administrative Code. Petitioner, Donald Chew, based on his race (African American) when it terminated his employment; and, if so, what is the appropriate remedy.
Findings Of Fact Petitioner, Donald Chew, is an African American male who was employed by the Association from January 23, 2017, to September 19, 2018. During the time he was there, Mr. Chew was one of the Association's few non-white employees. Respondent, the Association, is a condominium association governed by chapter 718, Florida Statutes. According to Mr. Chew, a majority, if not all, of the condominium owners are white. The Association has approximately 50 employees. The Association is governed by a Board of Directors (Board), made up of five to seven members. All the Board members who testified at the hearing were white. The Board hires a General Manager, who oversees the day-to-day operations of the Association. This includes oversight over the condominium grounds, recreation, and financial aspects of the Association. The General Manager had check-writing authority for the Association. For the times relevant to Petitioner's claims, Timothy Day served as the General Manager.2 Prior to being hired Mr. Day was involved in an investigation related to his employment with a local government entity. 2 Mr. Chew was hired by the Association's General Manager Judy Grosvenor, but Mr. Day became General Manager in August 2017. Neither the reason for the investigation nor the outcome of that investigation was clear from the evidence. Regardless, Mr. Day was given the opportunity to explain the circumstances related to the investigation to the Board prior to being hired. Relevant to this case, the General Manager oversaw the Accounting Manager, who managed a staff of accountants. June Gibbs served as the Accounting Manager who oversaw Mr. Chew from the date of his hire to May 2018, while he was in the staff accountant role. MR. CHEW'S JOB HISTORY AND DUTIES The Association originally hired Mr. Chew for the position of staff accountant. The hiring process consisted of review of Mr. Chew's resume, an interview, and then a criminal background and reference check. The Association did not check Mr. Chew's litigation history at the time it hired him. In September 2017, Ms. Gibbs gave Mr. Chew a mixed written performance review. Although he was "Above Average" in initiative and working relationships, Ms. Gibbs indicated he was "Below Average" in his basic accounting skills and his tardiness. In her comments, she noted: Don, I really dislike writing a negative evaluation. But, your accounting skills really concern me. This is why I hired you and the core of your position. It's been great that you have done well with the insurance and working with Brown & Brown. Even though we have struggled with the accounting parts of the insurance UMS you have done well assisting everyone setting [ ] this software up. And I believe you are above average in computer technology. But, once again accounting is the core. At this point because I really need someone strong in accounting behind me. I am going to have you stay with what you are good at – working on the insurance and UMS. And I will appoint you some basic accounting jobs. Also work on any tardiness issues. In March 2018, the Association requested that Mr. Chew obtain a Community Association Manager License (CAM License) from the Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation. Mr. Chew submitted an online application in which he was required to answer a number of questions, including the following: 2. Are you or have you ever been a defendant in civil litigation in this or any other state … in which the basis of the complaint against you was alleged negligence, fraudulent or dishonest dealing, foreclosure, bankruptcy, or breach of fiduciary duty related to the practice or profession for which you are applying, or is there any such case or investigation pending. Mr. Chew answered "No" to this question. On May 2, 2018, the Association promoted Mr. Chew to the Administrative Services Manager (ASM) position, which reported directly to the General Manager, Timothy Day. Along with this promotion, Mr. Chew received a salary increase. In the ASM position, Mr. Chew handled a variety of issues and considered himself the General Manager's "right hand man." Mr. Chew did very well in this position and was well liked by the Board, Mr. Day, and the Association staff. In August 2018, Mr. Day announced that he would be resigning from the Association and recommended Mr. Chew for General Manager position. On August 30, 2018, the Board voted unanimously to appoint Mr. Chew as the Interim General Manager. The credible testimony at the hearing established that at this point the Board believed a final decision would be made for the permanent General Manager position after more extensive background checks were conducted on Mr. Chew. Meanwhile, Mr. Chew would serve in an interim capacity. Later on August 30, Mr. Day informed Mr. Chew that he had received information that there was judgment for embezzlement against Mr. Chew in an action brought by the Attorney General for the State of Illinois. Mr. Chew explained that the suit was not against him personally, but against a corporation. On September 4, 2018, Mr. Day informed Mr. Chew that he was being placed on paid administrative leave pending an investigation into the Illinois litigation. On September 19, 2018, the Association's attorney sent Mr. Chew a letter of termination. DISCRIMINATORY ACTS Mr. Chew testified that his accounting co-workers made racial comments that made him feel uncomfortable while he was working as a staff accountant. As described by Mr. Chew, these remarks were made while he was working under Ms. Gibbs, prior to May 2018. Mr. Chew's co-worker, Joan Farus, confirmed that Ms. Gibbs (Ms. Farus's and Mr. Chew's supervisor) and other employees talked about "black people" in a derogatory way around Mr. Chew.3 The undersigned finds that Petitioner established that he was subject to discriminatory comments by staff prior to Mr. Chew becoming an ASM. Mr. Chew also asserts that he was treated less favorably by the Board than the white employees. Mr. Chew presented little, if any, evidence of how he was treated less favorably by the Board. To the contrary, based on the testimony at the hearing by the Board members and staff, it was clear that Mr. Chew was well liked; the Board promoted him and provided him with bonuses and pay raises. The fact that the Board unanimously approved him for the Interim General Manager position on August 30, 2018, leads to the conclusion that the Board did not have any racial animus toward Mr. Chew. Although the Association has an Equal Opportunity Employer and Non-Harassment Policy, there is nothing in its Employee Handbook 3 Ms. Farus was terminated by the Association in August 2018. specifically prohibiting discriminatory conduct based on race. The Handbook indicates employees "deserve to be treated with respect and courtesy." It also states it is company policy that the "workplace be free of tensions involving matters which do not relate to our business" such as "ethnic, religious, or sexual remarks," but stops short of explicitly prohibiting racism or racist comments. The Handbook does urge an employee who feels harassed to notify a supervisor or the Human Resources department. It also provides that any grievances regarding the job, working conditions, or problems with another employee be submitted to the employee's immediate supervisor in writing. There is no credible evidence Mr. Chew ever submitted a written complaint to his supervisor, Human Resources, or anyone else at the Association regarding the racist comments. MR. CHEW'S BACKGROUND HISTORY After the Board appointed Mr. Chew as the Interim General Manager, Kathy Miske, a white female who lived in an Association condominium, researched Mr. Chew's background.4 Ms. Miske previously performed background checks for a law firm in Chicago before she moved to a condominium in the Association. She researched Mr. Chew because she had a "habit of checking on people," and she had been approached by a condominium resident, Debbie Combs, also a white female, who was suspicious of Mr. Chew. The reason for Ms. Combs's suspicion was not disclosed at the hearing. Ms. Miske discovered that the Attorney General of Illinois had filed a "Verified Complaint for an Injunction, an Accounting, Surcharge, and Other Equitable Relief" (Complaint) against Mr. Chew personally in May 2013. The Complaint essentially described an embezzlement scheme, and specifically accused Mr. Chew of abusing a position of trust while employed at Marcy- 4 Although she later became a Board member, at the time she researched Mr. Chew she was not. Newbury Association, Inc. (MNA). It alleged Mr. Chew had misappropriated funds, in violation of the Illinois Charitable Trust Act. Although not a criminal prosecution, the Illinois Attorney General sought injunctive relief, civil damages, punitive damages, and civil penalties against Mr. Chew. Ms. Miske also discovered an Order of Final Judgment (Final Judgment) had been entered against Mr. Chew in the Illinois case on September 9, 2013. The Final Judgement seems to be a default judgment. As a result, Mr. Chew was enjoined from serving as a charitable trustee, was ordered to pay $205,372 in damages, and was also required to pay interest and investigative costs. Although Mr. Chew had a plausible explanation as to the circumstances surrounding the Illinois case, there was no evidence that the Final Judgment had been appealed, withdrawn, reversed, or nullified in any way. Mr. Chew admitted he did not notify the Association of the Final Judgment and that he did not list MNA on the resume he provided to the Association. Ms. Miske made copies of the Complaint and Final Judgment against Mr. Chew. She distributed the copies to three of the Board members that she knew personally. Eventually, copies were provided to the President of the Board, Mr. Day, and the Board's attorney. The Association was required by law to maintain a bond to cover its employees, including the General Manager.5 The Board members testified they were concerned that the Final Judgment would affect the Association's ability to obtain the proper bond if Mr. Chew became General Manager. The Board members relied on the Association's attorney's advice regarding the Association's ability to obtain a bond and the attorney's recommendation to terminate Petitioner based on the Complaint and Final Judgment. Mr. Chew claims that he was discriminated against because he was not given an opportunity to explain the Final Judgement or underlying facts to the Board. In comparison, he claims Mr. Day was given an opportunity to explain a criminal investigation against him and was hired despite the investigation. Mr. Day had previously been involved in the local government, but the nature of the investigation or the outcome of that investigation was not established at the hearing. Mr. Chew had a Final Judgment against him by the Illinois Attorney General for what essentially amounted to embezzlement. In contrast, Mr. Day was only under investigation; there was no evidence he was found guilty of anything. Moreover, Mr. Chew failed to disclose a former employer, MNA. There is no proof that Mr. Day tried to hide that he had been under investigation or that he hid his employment by a previous employer. 5 Section 718.111(11)(h), Florida Statues, states: (11) INSURANCE. * * * (h) The association shall maintain insurance or fidelity bonding of all persons who control or disburse funds of the association. The insurance policy or fidelity bond must cover the maximum funds that will be in the custody of the association or its management agent at any one time. As used in this paragraph, the term "persons who control or disburse funds of the association" includes, but is not limited to, those individuals authorized to sign checks on behalf of the association, and the president, secretary, and treasurer of the association.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that the Florida Commission on Human Relations enter a final order dismissing Donald Chew's Petition for Relief. DONE AND ENTERED this 18th day of November, 2020, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. S HETAL DESAI Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us COPIES FURNISHED: Tammy S. Barton, Agency Clerk Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 18th day of November, 2020. Florida Commission on Human Relations Room 110 4075 Esplanade Way Tallahassee, Florida 32399-7020 (eServed) Donald Chew 1262 Northeast 41st Terrace Avenue Cape Coral, Florida 33909 (eServed) Christina Harris Schwinn, Esquire Pavese Law Firm 1833 Hendry Street Post Office Drawer 1507 Fort Myers, Florida 33901 (eServed) Vanessa Fernandez, Esquire Pavese Law Firm 1833 Hendry Street Fort Myers, Florida 33901 (eServed) Cheyanne Costilla, General Counsel Florida Commission on Human Relations 4075 Esplanade Way, Room 110 Tallahassee, Florida 32399 (eServed)
The Issue The issue is whether Petitioner's application for certification as a minority business enterprise should be approved.
Findings Of Fact Based upon all of the evidence, the following findings of fact are determined: Background In this licensing dispute, Respondent, South Florida Water Management District (District), has proposed to deny an application of Petitioner, Everglades Surveying Joint Venture (Everglades), for certification as a minority business enterprise (MBE) under the District's Supplier Diversity & Outreach Program (Program). If the application is approved, Petitioner would be listed on the District's contract solicitation and vendor lists as a minority contractor. In its proposed agency action, as later amended, the District contends that the application should be denied because: the minority owner fails to meet the criteria in Rule 40E-7.653(5) and (6), Florida Administrative Code; the documents provided by Petitioner "do not support that the day- to-day operations are controlled by the minority applicant, nor is there evidence that the minority applicant possesses the authority to direct the management and policy of the business"; the minority business does not meet the size standard of a small business as required by Section 288.703, Florida Statutes; and the minority owner does not possess the necessary license to qualify the firm in its area of specialty as required by Rule 40E-7.653(5), Florida Administrative Code. In simpler terms, the District has contended that Petitioner's application is deficient in the areas of "management and control, the size standards[,] and the licensure." Petitioner disputes these allegations and contends that it meets all criteria for certification. As to the remaining requirements for certification in Rule 40E-7.653(4), (7), (8), and (9), Florida Administrative Code, the parties have stipulated that all of these criteria have been satisfied. The Minority Owner's Corporate Structure Ray J. Berryman, an Asian-Pacific American, is the minority owner seeking certification. Mr. Berryman is a professional engineer who has been in the engineering and surveying business for almost forty years. After working with other engineering firms for over a decade, in 1975 he started his own firm in California. At that time, the firm was known as Berryman & Stevenson, but its name was later changed to BSI Consultants, and then to Berryman & Henigar, Inc. The firm provides civil engineering and surveying services to public agencies on the West Coast. In 1994, Mr. Berryman acquired a Florida corporation known as Henigar & Ray, Inc., which was engaged in the business of providing surveying and civil engineering services. Although the company initially operated under the name of Henigar & Ray, Inc., doing business as Berryman & Henigar, in 1998 Mr. Berryman changed its name to Berryman & Henigar, Inc. (BHI), the same name as the California corporation. Mr. Berryman serves as director, chief executive officer, and operating manager of BHI. The firm's headquarters are in Orlando, and it has branch offices in Jacksonville, Tallahassee, Tampa, Ocala, and West Palm Beach. In March 1994, Mr. Berryman formed a Nevada holding company known as Berryman & Henigar Enterprises (BHE), in which he owns 77.5 percent of the stock and serves as chairman of the board and chief executive officer. BHE owns all of the stock in Berryman & Henigar, Inc. (the California corporation); Berryman & Henigar, Inc. (the Florida corporation); Employment Systems, Inc., a "staff easing company" incorporated in California in 1992; BHE Technical Staffing, a Nevada corporation; and Therapy Network, a Nevada corporation. However, BHE Technical Staffing and Therapy Network are no longer in business. Consolidated financial statements are issued for all of the companies. BHE was formed for the purpose of serving as a vehicle "to allow a relationship to exist" between the Florida and California corporations. After BHE was formed, Mr. Berryman changed the name of both the Florida and California firms (Henigar & Ray, Inc., and BSI Consultants, respectively) to Berryman & Henigar, Inc., one a Florida corporation, the other a California corporation, so that he could have "the strength, if you will, of both companies with a similar name." Except for a few administrative personnel, BHE has no other employees and it performs no professional services. Besides being the owner of BHE and the wholly-owned subsidiaries named above, Mr. Berryman also is a majority owner of at least one affiliated company known as GovPartner, a California firm providing "e-Government solutions for cities, courts, and governmental agencies." Whether Mr. Berryman controls other affiliated companies was not disclosed at hearing. Other MBE Certifications In June 1996, or before the District had a rule on MBE certifications, Henigar & Ray, Inc., doing business as Berryman & Henigar, applied with the District for certification as a MBE to provide civil engineering, surveying, environmental sciences, and construction management services. The application was approved, and a one-year certification was issued. The District then changed from a one-year to a three-year certification, and after an application for recertification was filed in 1997, Henigar & Ray, Inc., was reissued a certification that expired in 2000. By then, the District had adopted a rule which required, among other things, that the minority owner have a professional license in all fields in which the certification was granted. Through what the District calls an "error" or oversight, it failed to note that Mr. Berryman did not hold a professional surveyor's license, and it erroneously continued to certify BHI in the area of surveying. On August 26, 1999, the firm was given "graduated" status, which meant that it was no longer eligible for continued participation in the District's Program as a prime contractor due to the business having a net worth of more than $3 million and/or an average net income of $2 million after federal taxes for the preceding two years. However, the firm could still be counted (as a subcontractor) towards a prime contractor's goal attainment. In November 2000, the firm, then known as BHI, again applied for recertification as a registered vendor. The application was approved on March 1, 2001, for another three-year period, this time in the areas of surveying, civil engineering, and construction management. Whether BHI is still in the graduated status is not known. Besides holding MBE status with the District, BHI has been certified as a MBE with several local governments in Florida, including the City of Tampa, City of Orlando, Tampa Port Authority, and Orange County. Copies of BHI's applications filed with those governmental entities have been made a part of this record. The Joint Venture As an Asian-Pacific American, Mr. Berryman qualifies for minority status. Although not disclosed by the parties, but presumably because BHI has graduated status, and cannot serve as a prime contractor, or because its certification as a MBE in surveying may be taken away, Mr. Berryman desires to become a District MBE through another legal entity and provide surveying services as a prime contractor on the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project (CERP) now being undertaken by the District. Before filing his application, Mr. Berryman considered three options: filing as a corporation, a partnership, or a joint venture. He chose a joint venture since it gives the entity "the ability to have control outside of a corporate board." According to Mr. Berryman, even though the joint venture is theoretically controlled by a control board, under the make-up of the venture established here, that board can only represent "what Berryman & Henigar, Inc. commands and requires it to represent." Mr. Berryman also desired to have other members in the joint venture who would "provide a unique geographical location for projects being performed by [CERP]," and thus enhance its "probability of obtaining work through the District as a minority." To this end, Everglades was formed as a joint venture pursuant to a Joint Venture Agreement (Agreement) executed on October 12, 2001. So that Everglades would have a "formidable surveying company that would be able to win work," its members included BHI; GCY, Inc. (GCY), a Florida corporation providing surveying services; Jeffrey C. Cooner and Associates, Inc. (Cooner), a Florida corporation providing surveying services; and Southern Mapping Technology, Inc. (Southern Mapping), a Florida surveying corporation. According to the Agreement, the ownership of the joint venture is as follows: BHI - 51 percent GCY - 16.33 percent Cooner - 16.33 percent Southern Mapping - 16.33 percent Mr. Berryman opted for BHI to have 51 percent ownership in the joint venture so that he would control the entity. At the same time, however, he desired to give the other participants as much ownership as possible without giving up control. The Agreement establishes a Board of Control (Board) which has the responsibility and authority for the conduct and management of Everglades to approve and execute contracts, formulate and determine the policies of Everglades, approve consultants and subcontractor agreements, approve budgets and schedules, determine the allocation of work among members of Everglades, and decide all other matters necessary to its operations. After the joint venture's formation, five individuals were appointed to the Board: Mark A. Stokes and Steve Sharpe, both BHI employees appointed by Mr. Berryman; George C. Young, Jr., of GCY; Jeffrey C. Cooner of Cooner; and James S. Richmond of Southern Mapping. All members of the Board are non-minorities. In response to the District's proposed denial of the application, in May or June 2002, or six or seven months after it was filed, Mr. Berryman assumed a seat on the Board, replacing Mr. Sharpe.1 However, because of a District policy that no amendments to an application will be considered after the application is filed, the District has not taken into account this change in the Board's membership. Petitioner has not challenged the use of that policy. Paragraph 4.3 of the Agreement provides that the Board "shall reach decisions by simple majority vote of total votes cast. BHI shall cast 51 votes; GCY shall cast 16 votes; Cooner shall cast 16 votes; and Southern Mapping shall cast 16 votes." Thus, BHI has ultimate control over all of Everglades' decisions. At the same time, however, there is nothing in the Agreement which says that the Board must consult with Mr. Berryman, and obtain his approval, before a decision is taken. Rule 40E-7.653(5) Criteria Paragraph (5) of the rule requires, among other things, that the applicant establish that the minority owner "possess[es] the authority to control and exercise dominant control over the management and daily operations of the business." The District contends that Mr. Berryman does not exercise such control since he does not sit on the Board, Mr. Stokes and Mr. Sharpe, both non-minorities, are the individuals who actually cast votes on behalf of BHI, and nothing in the Agreement requires Mr. Stokes and Mr. Sharpe to consult with Mr. Berryman before they make a decision. In reality, Mr. Berryman has absolute control over all of the decisions made by Mr. Stokes, who occupies one of the two BHI seats on the Board. This was confirmed by Mr. Stokes at the hearing and was not contradicted. Even if Mr. Sharpe (who has been replaced by Mr. Berryman) were still on the Board, he would be subject to the same constraints. This is because Mr. Berryman has made it clear that he would quickly replace any BHI Board member who did not vote in accordance with his wishes. Since BHI (and Mr. Berryman) effectively controls the joint venture through 51 percent of the Board's voting power, it is found that the minority owner exercises dominant control over the management and daily operations of the joint venture, as contemplated by the rule. Rule 40E-7.653(6) Criteria Subparagraphs (6)(c) and (d) of the rule require that the applicant establish that "the net worth of the business concern, together with its affiliates, does not exceed five (5) million [dollars]," and that it "employs two- hundred (200) or fewer permanent, full-time employees," respectively. In determining the net worth, the same rule provides that the District shall "consider the most recent federal tax returns or annual financial statements for the business." After concerns were raised by the District over BHI's net worth and number of permanent employees, BHI filed a letter with the District on April 2, 2002, indicating that it had 118 full-time employees and a negative net worth of $1,460,176.00. On June 6, 2002, its counsel also filed an affidavit by BHE's Controller, together with consolidated financial reports for the year ending March 29, 2002, reflecting a negative net worth of $1,293,435 for BHE and all of its subsidiaries, including BHI. Counsel also provided an affidavit by the BHE Benefits Coordinator listing 96 full-time BHI employees as of May 17, 2002. In separate documents submitted earlier by the other joint venture participants, the net worth and number of permanent, full-time employees of each of those participants were as follows: GCY - $553,000.00 and 25 employees as of November 30, 2001; Cooner - $300,000.00 and 8 employees as of December 31, 2001; and Southern Mapping - $527,000.00 and 6 employees as of December 31, 2001. While the fiscal years of the participants are not identical, collectively these figures produce a total positive net worth of all Everglades members (including BHE, the parent of BHI) of $86,565.00 and less than 200 full-time employees at or about the date the application was filed. Despite this showing by Everglades that it met the net worth and size thresholds for a MBE, over the past two years BHI has made a number of filings with the District and other governmental entities which caused the District to doubt the veracity of the numbers submitted by Everglades and to ultimately deny the application. For example, in its application for recertification filed with the District in November 2000, BHI reflected that it then had a positive net worth of $1,013,790.00 and 305 full-time employees. In a Statement of Intent to Perform as a MBE Subcontractor dated October 23, 2001, BHI indicated that its net worth was $1,012,979.00 and that it employed 102 permanent employees. Almost identical numbers were shown in other filings made with the District on November 1, 2001, April 18, 2002, May 24, 2002, and May 31, 2002. However, in a Statement of Intent to Perform as a MBE Subcontractor executed by a BHI corporate officer (Mr. Stokes) on June 18, 2002, and filed with the District, the net worth of BHI was shown as $4,106,000.00 and the number of permanent, full-time employees was given as 350. Assuming these latter figures are accurate, Everglades would have a total net worth exceeding $5 million and more than 200 full-time, permanent employees, both of which exceed the thresholds permitted by the rule. In addition, on April 3, 2000, BHI filed certification documents with Orange County reflecting that it had 305 full-time employees and a positive net worth of $123,415.00. Identical figures were reflected in a filing made with the City of Tampa on April 3, 2002. In contrast, in a MBE certification filing made with the City of Orlando on May 20, 2002, which included net worth and number of employees for the latest three-year period, BHI represented that it had 97 employees in the years 2000, 2001, and 2002, and that its net worth for those years was a negative $898,676.00, a negative $1,376,645.00, and a negative $1,586,216.00, respectively. To add to the confusion, in an undated document filed with the City of Tampa, BHI indicated that it had 345 full-time employees and 35 part-time employees. However, in a June 12, 2002, filing with the Tampa Port Authority, BHI indicated that it had 116 full-time employees and a negative net worth of $1,586,216.00. Mr. Berryman conceded that the different filings were "embarrassing" and confusing, and he attributed them to mistakes by careless or untrained in-house personnel. As to the document reflecting a net worth of BHI in excess of $4 million, it was established that a secretary erroneously filled out the document and Mr. Stokes hurriedly signed it without verifying the numbers. Mr. Berryman also maintained that the numbers submitted by BHI to the District in the April 2, 2002, letter, as supported by the financial reports and affidavits filed on June 6, 2002, are the most accurate reflection of its net worth and number of employees. This assertion is accepted since all of the filings over the years (except the one on June 18, 2002) have consistently indicated that the net worth of BHI is far less than the $5 million threshold. Moreover, the more credible evidence supports a finding that the number of permanent, full-time employees of BHI and the other joint venture participants is less than 200. Based on these considerations, it is found that Everglades meets the net worth and employee thresholds prescribed by the rule. Professional Licensure Requirement Rule 40E-7.653(5), Florida Administrative Code, requires that the minority owner (Mr. Berryman) seeking certification "be the license holder, or the professional license holder" in the specialty for which certification is sought. Here, Everglades seeks to provide surveying services. The application filed with the District identified five BHI individuals who had professional surveying licenses which authorized the work, all non-minorities. Mr. Berryman was not identified as being one of them. The rule itself is clear and unambiguous and requires no interpretation. Since its adoption in late 1996, the District has consistently construed it to mean just what it says -- that in order for a minority owner to be certified, the owner must have a professional license in the area being certified. This interpretation of the rule was not shown to be unreasonable or clearly erroneous. Therefore, because Everglades intends to provide surveying services, Mr. Berryman, as the minority owner, must hold a surveyor's license under Chapter 472, Florida Statutes, in order to qualify as a MBE. While it is true that Mr. Berryman is a registered professional engineer (under Chapter 471, Florida Statutes) in the State of Florida (as well as 3 other states), and he can perform almost all of the surveying services under his engineering license,2 he does not hold a Florida surveyor's license, as required by the rule. While this result may seem unfair and based on highly technical grounds, it is consistent with the plain requirements of the rule.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that the South Florida Water Management District enter a final order denying the application of Everglades Surveying Joint Venture for certification as a minority business enterprise. DONE AND ENTERED this 4th day of September, 2002, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. ___________________________________ DONALD R. ALEXANDER Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 4th day of September, 2002.
The Issue The issue is whether Respondent committed unlawful employment practices contrary to Section 760.10, Florida Statutes (2007)1/, by terminating Petitioner's employment in retaliation for her filing a formal grievance asserting that a co-worker made a racially discriminatory comment to her at a staff meeting.
Findings Of Fact The District Board of Trustees of LCCC is an employer as that term is defined in Subsection 760.02(7), Florida Statutes. Petitioner, an African-American female, was hired by the College and began work on January 29, 2007. She worked in the cosmetology department as a Teaching Assistant II until the College terminated her employment on June 28, 2007. In addition to Petitioner, the College's cosmetology department consisted of two instructors, Carol McLean and Vicki Glenn. Ms. McLean was also the department coordinator, meaning that she supervised Petitioner and Ms. Glenn. The instructors performed classroom instruction and supervised students "on the floor" in the department's laboratory, where the students practiced their skills on clients who made appointments with the department to have their hair styled. Petitioner's duties included answering the telephone, making client appointments, ordering and stocking cosmetology supplies, and recording the hours and services performed by the students. Petitioner was a licensed cosmetologist and was expected to assist on the floor of the lab, but only when an instructor determined that her presence was necessary. Petitioner was not authorized to perform classroom instruction. Petitioner was at all times employed on a probationary basis under LCCC Policy and Procedure 6Hx12:8-04, which provides that all newly hired career service employees must serve a probationary period of six calendar months. This Policy and Procedure also requires that conferences be held with the employee at the end of two and four months of employment. The conferences are to include written performance appraisals and should be directed at employee development, areas of weakness or strength, and any additional training required to improve performance. Petitioner acknowledged that she attended orientation sessions for new employees during which this Policy and Procedure was discussed.4/ The evidence at hearing established that the orientation sessions covered, among other subjects, an explanation of the probationary period, the College's discipline and grievance procedures, and how to find the College's Policies and Procedures on the internet. The employee orientation process also required Petitioner's immediate supervisor, Carol McLean, to explain 14 additional items, including Petitioner's job description and the College's parking policies. The evidence established that Ms. McLean covered these items with Petitioner. Petitioner's first written evaluation covered the period from January 29, 2007 through March 29, 2007. The evaluation was completed by Ms. McLean on April 13, 2007, and approved by the Dean of Occupational Programs, Tracy Hickman, on April 30, 2007. The College's "Support Staff Job Performance Evaluation" form provides numerical grades in the categories of work knowledge, work quality, work quantity and meeting deadlines, dependability, co-operation, judgment in carrying out assignments, public relations, and overall performance. A score of 1 or 2 in any category is deemed "unsatisfactory." A score of 3 or 4 is "below norm." A score of 5 or 6 is "expected norm." A score of 7 or 8 is "above norm." A score of 9 or 10 is rated "exceptional." Petitioner's scores in each area were either 5 or 6, within the "expected norm." Ms. McLean graded Petitioner's overall performance as a 6. The evaluation form also provides questions that allow the supervisor to evaluate the employee's performance in a narrative format. In response to a question regarding Petitioner's strengths, Ms. McLean wrote that Petitioner "has demonstrated she is very capable handling conflicts/situations concerning clients. She is also good working with the students when needed. Her computer skills/knowledge has been an asset." In response to a question regarding Petitioner's weaknesses, Ms. McLean wrote, "Kay5/ needs to be a little more organized. I feel confident with the move to the new building, she will be able to set her office up to be more efficient for herself." Petitioner testified that she has excellent organizational skills and that she is, in fact, a "neat freak." Her problem was the utter disorganization of the cosmetology department at the time she started her job. She could not see her desk for the pile of papers and other materials on it. Boxes were piled in the middle of the floor. There were more than 100 unanswered messages in the recorded message queue. Petitioner testified that neither Ms. McLean nor Ms. Glenn could tell her how to proceed on any of these matters, and that she was therefore required to obtain advice via telephone calls to either Wendy Saunders, the previous teaching assistant, or Jeanette West, secretary to the Dean of Occupational Programs. Neither Ms. McLean nor Ms. Glenn recalled the complete departmental disorganization attested to by Petitioner at the outset of her employment. In fact, Ms. McLean recalled having to work 80-hour weeks to restore order to the department's workspace after Petitioner was discharged. No other witness testified as to disorganization prior to Petitioner's hiring. The evidence presented at the hearing established that Petitioner dramatically overstated the poor condition of the cosmetology department's offices at the time she started work, and also greatly overstated any contribution she made to improve its organization. Petitioner's second and final evaluation covered the period from March 29, 2007, through May 29, 2007. The evaluation was completed by Ms. McLean on May 22, 2007, and approved by Dean Hickman on May 23, 2007. Petitioner's numerical scores in each of the categories, including overall performance, was 4, meaning that her performance was "below norm." In a typewritten attachment, Ms. McLean wrote: Employee Improvement: Strengths: Kay is very good with the students and has strong desires to help them. Weaknesses: A concern is Kay's words and actions have shown that she would rather teach than be in the office. There is still a lack of organization in the office. We have had a couple incidents where we have to search for invoices, etc. I am still receiving complaints about the phone not being answered. Other comments: Too often Kay's actions have made it difficult for the department to operate effectively. Since Kay's arrival, it have discussed [sic] that each person must respect the protocol of communicating within the chain of command. On numerous occasions Kay ignored those instructions, In spite of my direct instructions to notify/discuss an incident report to Dean Hickman before doing anything else with it, Kay distributed it to others.6/ The College terminated Petitioner's employment on June 28, 2007, roughly five months after she began work and well within the six-month probationary period. Petitioner's dismissal was due to inadequate job performance and to several episodes displaying poor judgment and disregard of the College's rules and regulations. As to day-to-day job performance, the evidence established that Petitioner often had to be asked several times to do things that she conceded were within the scope of her duties. One of Petitioner's duties was to track the department's inventory, order supplies as needed, check the supplies against the invoices as they arrived, and unpack the supplies and restock the department's shelves. If the supplies were not removed from their shipping containers and stocked on the shelves, it was difficult for the instructors and students to find items or know when the department was running low on a given supply. Student cosmetologists at the College were frequently required to use caustic chemicals, and it was critical that the supplies be correctly inventoried and shelved to avoid mistakes in application of these chemicals. Ms. McLean had to tell Petitioner repeatedly to unpack the supplies. Petitioner would tell Ms. McLean that she would take care of it, but later Ms. McLean would notice that the supplies were still in their boxes.7/ Ms. McLean testified that there were multiple occasions when paperwork could not be located due to Petitioner's lack of a filing system. Ms. McLean and Petitioner would have to rummage through stacks of paper to find the item they needed because Petitioner failed to file the department's paperwork in a coherent manner. Another of Petitioner's duties was to set up "product knowledge" classes conducted by vendors of hair care products used in the cosmetology program. In February 2007, Ms. Glenn asked Petitioner to set up a class with Shirley Detrieville, the Redken representative for the College. Over the next month, Ms. Glenn repeatedly asked Petitioner about her progress in setting up the class, and Petitioner consistently responded that Ms. Detrieville had not returned her calls. Finally, in March, Ms. Glenn happened to see Ms. Detrieville on the campus. Ms. Detrieville informed Ms. Glenn that all the paperwork for the class had been completed long ago, and she was just waiting for Petitioner to call and let her know when to come. Ms. Glenn's class never received the Redken training. The evidence established that Petitioner consistently failed to return phone calls made to the department. There was a core group of women, mostly retirees that constituted an important segment of the regular patrons at the department's lab. Keeping track of their appointments was important because the students needed practical experience in order to meet the requirements for licensure. It was also important to keep track of the training needs of each student, because a student working on hair coloring, for instance, needed to be matched with a customer requesting that service. Among Petitioner's duties was to make the appointments for the patrons, and to coordinate the appointments with the students. Ms. McLean and Ms. Glenn testified that they consistently received complaints that Petitioner did not return phone calls from patrons attempting to make appointments. Ms. McLean recalled an elderly woman named Ms. Grammith, who was a weekly customer at the lab. Ms. Grammith phoned Ms. McLean at home because she was unable to get Petitioner to return her calls for an appointment.8/ Ms. Glenn recounted an occasion when she received a phone call from Ms. Grammith, complaining that Petitioner was not returning her calls. Ms. Glenn walked into Petitioner's office and asked her to return Ms. Grammith's call and make her appointment. Petitioner assured Ms. Glenn that she would. Ms. Glenn then went to teach a class. When she returned to her office, Ms. Glenn had another message from Ms. Grammith. Ms. Glenn asked Petitioner about the situation, and Petitioner admitted that she had not yet returned the call. Still later on the same afternoon, Ms. Glenn received a third call from Ms. Grammith. Again, Ms. Glenn inquired of Petitioner, who again admitted that she had not phoned Ms. Grammith. The next morning was a Friday, and Ms. Glenn received another call from Ms. Grammith. Ms. Glenn walked into Petitioner's office and told her to call Ms. Grammith. Ms. Glenn knew Petitioner never made the call because Ms. Grammith called Ms. Glenn yet again on the following Monday. Another elderly regular customer, Ms. Caldwell, stopped Ms. Glenn in the hallway one day to ask "what in the world was going on here." Ms. Caldwell complained that Petitioner never got her appointment right, and always told her that she had come in on the wrong day or at the wrong time. On this day, Ms. Caldwell was left sitting in the hallway outside the lab for three and one-half hours because Petitioner failed to schedule her appointment correctly. On another occasion, Shirley Rehberg, an LCCC employee, emailed Ms. Glenn to inquire about making an appointment for a pedicure. Ms. Glenn responded that Petitioner handled appointments, and provided Ms. Rehberg with information as to Petitioner's office hours. On three different occasions, Ms. Rehberg informed Ms. Glenn that she had attempted to make appointments with Petitioner but had received no response. Ms. Glenn also recalled going to the College registrar's office on unrelated business and being asked by Debbie Osborne, an employee in that office, whether the cosmetology department had stopped taking appointments. Ms. Glenn told her that all she had to do was call Petitioner. Ms. Osborne replied that she had emailed Petitioner several times and never received a response. Ms. McLean concluded that Petitioner was much more interested in the occasional teaching aspect of her position than she was in the quotidian matters of filing, ordering and answering the phone that constituted the bulk of her job. Ms. McLean believed that Petitioner's eagerness to teach, even when her presence on the floor was not requested or needed, sometimes caused Petitioner to neglect her other duties. Petitioner admitted that she preferred teaching, but also testified that she was forced to teach students at least two days per week because Ms. McLean simply skipped work every Wednesday and Thursday. Petitioner stated that when she was on the floor of the lab, she could not hear the phone ringing back in the office. She believed that this might have accounted for some of the missed phone calls. Ms. McLean credibly denied Petitioner's unsupported allegation that she skipped work twice per week. Ms. McLean was in the classroom and lab with her students four days per week, as required by her schedule. Ms. McLean reasonably observed that she would not remain long in the College's employ if she were to skip work every Wednesday and Thursday. When classes were not in session, faculty members such as Ms. McLean and Ms. Glenn were not required to come into the office, whereas the teaching assistant was required to come in and work a full day from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. On these faculty off-days, it was especially important for Petitioner to be on the job because she constituted the sole point of contact between students and the cosmetology department. New classes in cosmetology start twice a year, and prospective students may drop by the campus at any time. If no one is present during normal working hours to answer questions or assist the student in applying, the College could lose a prospective student as well as suffer a diminished public image. The evidence established that Petitioner would take advantage of the lack of supervision on faculty off-days to go missing from her position, without submitting leave forms for approval by an administrator as required by College policy. May 4, 2007, was the College's graduation day. Ms. McLean and Ms. Glenn arrived at the cosmetology building at 3:00 p.m. to prepare for the cap and gown ceremony and noted that Petitioner was not there, though it was a regular work day for her. Petitioner was still absent at 4:30 p.m. when the two instructors left the building to go to the graduation ceremony. On May 15, 2007, a faculty off-day, Ms. Glenn came in at 11:00 a.m. to prepare for her class the next day. Petitioner asked Ms. Glenn to handle a student registration matter while Petitioner went out. Ms. Glenn agreed to do so. The students had yet to arrive by 2:00 p.m. when Ms. Glenn was ready to leave. Petitioner had still not returned to the office, forcing Ms. Glenn to ask Ms. West to register the students if they arrived. Ms. Glenn had no idea when or if Petitioner ever returned to work that day. Marcia Brinson was the custodian who cleaned the cosmetology building. During summer session at the College, Ms. Brinson worked from 2:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. She would often come into the cosmetology building and find that Petitioner was not there. This was the case on May 15, 2007, when Ms. Brinson entered the building at 2:00 p.m. At around 2:30, an administrator named Glenn Rice came to the cosmetology building with two students whom he was attempting to enroll.9/ Ms. Brinson phoned Ms. McLean at home to inform her of the situation. Ms. McLean phoned the cosmetology office. Petitioner did not answer. At about 2:50 p.m., Ms. McLean called Petitioner at her cell phone number. Petitioner answered and told Ms. McLean that she was at her mother's house, but was about to return to the College. Ms. McLean could not say whether Petitioner ever actually returned to the College that day. At the hearing, Petitioner claimed that the only time she left the cosmetology department on May 15, 2007, was to go to the library at 2:15 p.m. and obtain materials for a class she was going to teach on May 17. This testimony cannot be credited, given that it conflicts with the credible testimony of Ms. McLean, Ms. Glenn and Ms. Brinson. Further belying Petitioner's claim is the fact that she later submitted a leave form claiming "personal leave" for two hours on May 15, 2007. She claimed the hours from 3:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. Aside from its inconsistency with Petitioner's testimony, this claim was inaccurate on two other counts. First, the evidence established that Petitioner was away from the office from at least 11:00 a.m. until some time after 3:00 p.m. Second, Petitioner's regular work day ended at 5:00 p.m., thus giving her no cause to claim leave for the half-hour between 5:00 and 5:30 p.m. The College has a "wellness" program in which employees are allowed to take 30 minutes of leave, three days per week, in order to engage in some form of exercise. Petitioner considered wellness time to be the equivalent of personal leave, and would leave her job at the College early in order to keep an appointment at a hair-styling salon at which she worked part-time. Finally, Petitioner was unwilling or unable to comply with the College's parking decal system. At the time she was hired, Petitioner was issued a staff parking pass that entitled her to park her car in any unreserved space on he campus. As noted above, many of the cosmetology customers were elderly women. For their convenience, the College had five spaces reserved for customers directly in front of the cosmetology building. Customers were issued a 5 x 8 "Cosmetology Customer" card that they would leave on their dashboards. If all five of the reserved spaces were taken, the card allowed the customer to park in any space on the campus. On May 30, 2007, the College's supervisor of safety and security, Tony LaJoie, was patrolling the campus on his golf cart. Petitioner flagged him down, asking for help with a dead battery in her car. Mr. LaJoie stopped to help her, but also noticed that Petitioner's car was parked in a space reserved for customers and that Petitioner had a "Cosmetology Customer" card on her dashboard. When he asked her about it, Petitioner told Mr. LaJoie that she had lost her staff parking pass and therefore needed to use the customer pass. Mr. LaJoie told Petitioner that she could go to the maintenance building and get a new staff pass, or get a visitor's pass to use until she found the first pass. Petitioner told Mr. LaJoie that she could not afford the $10 replacement fee for the pass. Mr. LaJoie told her that the $10 replacement fee was cheaper than the $25 to $50 fines she would have to pay for illegally parking on campus. Petitioner promised Mr. LaJoie that she would go to maintenance and take care of the situation. On June 5, 2007, Mr. LaJoie found Petitioner's car again parked in a customer reserved space and with a customer card on the dashboard. Mr. LaJoie wrote Petitioner a parking ticket. Petitioner was well aware that the customer spaces were reserved at least in part because many of the department's customers were elderly and unable to walk more than a short distance. Petitioner nonetheless ignored College policy and parked her car in the reserved spaces. Petitioner never obtained a replacement parking pass.10/ Dean Hickman was the administrator who made the decision to recommend Petitioner's termination to the College's Vice-President, Charles Carroll, who in turn presented the recommended decision to LCCC President Charles W. Hall, who made the final decision on termination. She based her recommendation on the facts as set forth in Findings of Fact 19 through 48, supra. Petitioner's termination was due to her performance deficiencies. Dean Hickman considered Petitioner's pattern of conduct, including her repeated violation of parking policies and her practice of leaving her post without permission, to constitute insubordination. Ms. McLean, who provided input to Dean Hickman as to Petitioner's performance issues, testified that Petitioner's slack performance worked to the great detriment of a department with only two instructors attempting to deal with 20 or more students at different stages of their training. Petitioner's position was not filled for a year after her dismissal. Ms. McLean and Ms. Glenn worked extra hours and were able to perform Petitioner's duties, with the help of a student to answer the phones. The fact that the instructors were able to perform their own jobs and cover Petitioner's duties negates Petitioner's excuse that she was required to do more than one full-time employee could handle. Furthermore, Ms. McLean testified that, despite the added work load, Petitioner's departure improved the working atmosphere by eliminating the tension caused by Petitioner. Because Petitioner was still a probationary employee, the College was not required to show cause or provide specific reasons for her dismissal. Nevertheless, the evidence established that there were entirely adequate, performance-based reasons that fully justified the College's decision to terminate Petitioner's employment. The evidence further established that Petitioner's dismissal was not related to the formal grievance Petitioner filed on June 5, 2007. However, because Petitioner has alleged that her termination was retaliatory, the facts surrounding her grievance are explored below. The grievance stemmed from an incident that occurred between Petitioner and Ms. Glenn on May 16, 2007, the first day of the summer term. A student named Russia Sebree approached Ms. Glenn with a problem. Ms. Sebree was not on Ms. Glenn's summer class roster because she had not completed the Tests of Adult Basic Education ("TABE"), a test of basic reading, math and language skills. Students were required to pass the TABE in their first semester before they would be allowed to register for their second semester. Ms. Glenn told Ms. Sebree that, because the initial registration period had passed, they would have to walk over to the Dean's office and have Dean Hickman register Ms. Sebree for the class. Ms. Glenn phoned Dean Hickman's secretary, Ms. West, to make an appointment. Ms. West told Ms. Glenn that Dean Hickman was out of the office, and that she would make a return call to Ms. Glenn as soon as the dean returned. While waiting for Ms. West's call, Ms. Sebree apparently drifted into Petitioner's office. She mentioned to Petitioner that she hadn't passed the TABE test, and Petitioner told her she could take care of the matter by making an appointment for Ms. Sebree to take the test. Ms. Glenn overheard the conversation and walked in to stop Petitioner from making the call. She told Petitioner that she had a call in to Dean Hickman, and that she and Ms. Sebree would have to meet with the dean to determine whether Ms. Sebree could register for Ms. Glenn's summer class or whether she would be required to complete the TABE and wait until the next semester. Ms. Glenn was angered by Petitioner's interference in this matter. Petitioner's actions were beyond the scope of a teaching assistant's duties, unless requested by an instructor.11/ She jumped into the situation without inquiring whether Ms. Sebree had talked to her instructor about her problem and without understanding the steps that Ms. Glenn had already taken on Ms. Sebree's behalf. Eventually, Ms. West returned the call and Ms. Glenn and Ms. Sebree met with Dean Hickman. After the meeting, Ms. Glenn requested a private meeting with Dean Hickman. She told the dean that she was very upset that Petitioner had taken it upon herself to take over the situation with Ms. Sebree, when Ms. Glenn was taking care of the matter and Petitioner had no reason to step in. Dean Hickman told Ms. Glenn that she would not tolerate a staff person going over an instructor's head in a matter involving a student. Dean Hickman asked Ms. Glenn to send Petitioner over to her office. Dean Hickman testified that she met with Petitioner for about 30 minutes, and that Petitioner left her office requesting a meeting with Ms. Glenn. Dean Hickman did not testify as to the details of her meeting with Petitioner. The dean knew that Petitioner was angry and cautioned her to conduct herself in a professional manner when speaking with Ms. Glenn. Petitioner testified that Dean Hickman "yelled" at her, "I will not have you undermine my instructor's authority." Petitioner professed not to know what Dean Hickman was talking about. The dean repeated what Ms. Glenn had said to her about the incident with Ms. Sebree. According to Petitioner, Ms. Glenn had told the dean "some lie," an "outlandish" tale in which "I went in telling Russia that she didn't have to do what Vicki said, or something like that." Petitioner told Dean Hickman her version of the incident, which was essentially that nothing happened. She was showing Ms. Sebree "some basic algebraic equations and stuff and there was no conflict or anything in the office." Petitioner asked for a meeting "so I can see what's going on." Petitioner returned to the cosmetology department. She was visibly upset. She asked for a departmental meeting with Ms. McLean and Ms. Glenn that afternoon. Ms. McLean agreed to move up the weekly departmental meeting in order to take care of this matter. The meeting convened with Ms. McLean going over the usual day-to-day matters involving the program. Once the regular business was completed, Ms. McLean stated that she wanted Petitioner and Ms. Glenn to air out their problems. Petitioner asked Ms. Glenn why she wanted to tell lies about her. Ms. Glenn said, "What?" and Petitioner stated, "You're a liar." Ms. Glenn denied the accusation. Petitioner repeated, "You're nothing but a liar." In anger and frustration, Ms. Glenn stated, "Look here, sister, I am not a liar." Petitioner responded, "First, you're not my sister and, secondly, my name is Stephanie K. Taylor, address me with that, please."12/ Ms. McLean testified that both women were "pretty heated" and "pretty frustrated" with each other. She concluded the meeting shortly after this exchange. After the meeting, Petitioner and Ms. McLean spoke about Ms. Glenn's use of the word "sister," which Petitioner believed had racial connotations. Ms. McLean told Petitioner that she did not believe anything racial was intended.13/ Ms. Glenn had never been called a liar, and in her frustration she blurted out "sister" in the same way another angry person might say, "Look here, lady." Petitioner seemed satisfied and the matter was dropped for the remainder of the day. Dean Hickman testified that Petitioner brought some paperwork to her office that afternoon after the departmental meeting. Petitioner told her that she felt better about the situation, that they had aired their differences and everything now seemed fine. The dean considered the matter resolved. By the next morning, May 17, 2007, Petitioner had changed her mind about the comment. She sent an email to each member of the College's board of trustees, President Hall, Dean Hickman, and various other College employees that stated as follows: Hello. I am Stephanie K. Taylor, Teaching Assistant for Cosmetology. I am writing because of an incident that took place on yesterday, May 16, 2007. Nancy Carol McLean (Coordinator/Instructor), Vicki Glenn (Instructor) and I met for a meeting to discuss concerns in our department approximately 11:35 am. During our discussion, Vicki Glenn made a racial comment to me. I disagreed with her concerning a statement she made. Her reply to me was: "No, 'Sister', I did not!" I was very offended by her remark and I replied, "My name is Stephanie Kay Taylor." Following the meeting, I spoke with Ms. McLean and I decided to write this incident statement. If I allow an instructor to call me something other than my name, these incidents will continue. Ms. McLean had repeatedly cautioned Petitioner to respect the College's chain of command. As Petitioner's immediate supervisor, Ms. McLean was supposed to be Petitioner's first resort insofar as work-related complaints. Petitioner was in the habit of going straight to Dean Hickman with complaints before discussing them with Ms. McLean. However, in this instance, Petitioner did show Ms. McLean the text of her statement before she distributed it. Ms. McLean advised Petitioner to take the matter straight to Dean Hickman and discuss it with her before distributing the statement. Petitioner did not take Ms. McLean's advice. Though Petitioner emailed the statement to Dean Hickman, the dean did not actually see the statement until it had been distributed to several other people. No evidence was presented that Petitioner suffered any adverse consequences from distributing her written statement outside the College's chain of command. To the contrary, Petitioner testified that Ms. McLean advised her that if she felt strongly about the matter, she should file a formal grievance pursuant to the LCCC Policy and Procedure 6Hx12:6- 10.14/ Ms. McLean provided Petitioner with the forms she needed to file a written grievance. Petitioner also sought and received the advice of a human relations specialist at the College as to how to file a formal grievance. Both Ms. McLean and Ms. Glenn convincingly testified that they had no ill feeling toward Petitioner for filing a grievance. Ms. McLean stated that the grievance had no impact on her at all. Ms. Glenn was not disturbed by the grievance because she had done nothing wrong and believed the process would vindicate her. Petitioner filed her formal written grievance on June 5, 2007. Vice president Marilyn Hamm began the investigation in the absence of Human Resources Director Gary Boettcher, who picked up the investigation upon his return to the campus. Dean Hickman also participated in the investigation of Petitioner's grievance. They interviewed the witnesses to the incident. They also interviewed 11 cosmetology students and asked them whether they had ever heard Ms. Glenn make any "derogatory or racial slurs or comments" relative to Petitioner. None of the students had heard Ms. Glenn make any remarks fitting the description in the query.15/ One student told the investigators that he had heard Petitioner speak disparagingly of Ms. Glenn, but not vice versa. On June 19, 2007, Mr. Boettcher issued a memorandum to Petitioner that stated as follows: You filed a grievance alleging that Ms. Vickie Glenn made a racial comment to you by calling you "sister." You further stated that you want the same respect that you have given to others and that you be referred to by your name, Stephanie K. Taylor. I was not available when you filed the grievance therefore it was referred to Vice President Hamm who began the investigation and upon my return it was referred to me. Ms. Hamm interviewed yourself, and Carol McLean. Ms. Hamm and I then interviewed Ms. Glenn. Subsequently, Ms. Hickman, the Dean of your department, and I interviewed a random sampling of students in the cosmetology program. The incident you described, when you were referred to as "sister" was discussed with both Ms. McLean and Ms. Glenn, who were in the meeting when the comment was made. They both acknowledged that you were in fact referred to as sister. Neither of them viewed it as a racial comment but a term that was used in the heat of the discussion in which you and Ms. Glenn were very much at odds on a subject. The students were interviewed and asked if you had discussed or made mention of an evaluation that you received and also whether that had ever heard Ms. Glenn talk derogatorily or made any racial comments relative to you. Some of the students heard of talk of your evaluation but none of them heard it first hand from you. None of the students ever heard Ms. Glenn refer to you in any racial or disparaging way. In view of the investigation it is concluded that you were called "sister" but not in a negative or racial inference and that Ms. Glenn has not referred to you in a derogatory or racial manner. This has been discussed with Ms. McLean and Ms. Glenn in that they were asked to refer to you strictly by your name and in a professional manner. I trust this will be satisfactory to you and if you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Petitioner's employment with the College was terminated on June 28, 2007, nine days after Mr. Boettcher's memorandum. No evidence was presented to establish a causal connection between these two events, aside from their temporal proximity. As noted extensively above, the College had more than ample justification to terminate Petitioner's employment before the conclusion of her six-month probationary period. The greater weight of the evidence establishes that Petitioner was terminated from her position with the College due to poor job performance and conduct amounting to insubordination. The greater weight of the evidence establishes that the College did not retaliate against Petitioner for the filing of a grievance alleging that Ms. Glenn had made a racially discriminatory remark towards Petitioner. Rather, the greater weight of the evidence established that College personnel assisted Petitioner in filing her grievance and that the College conscientiously investigated the grievance. The greater weight of the evidence establishes that the College has not discriminated against Petitioner based on her race.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that the Florida Commission on Human Relations issue a final order finding that Lake City Community College did not commit any unlawful employment practices and dismissing the Petition for Relief. DONE AND ENTERED this 30th day of June, 2010, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. S LAWRENCE P. STEVENSON Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 30th day of June, 2010.
The Issue The issues presented, as framed by the Fifth District’s December 16, 2020, Order are: (1) whether the School Board is entitled to appellate attorney’s fees pursuant to section 1002.33(8)(b), Florida Statutes; and (2) the amount of attorney’s fees to which the School Board is entitled.
Findings Of Fact The Underlying Matter (DOAH Case No. 19-6424) The underlying matter concerned whether Legacy’s school charter for the Legacy Academy Charter School should be terminated for the reasons set forth in the School Board’s November 20, 2019, 90-Day Notice of Proposed Termination of Charter, pursuant to section 1002.33(8)(b). A detailed recounting of the underlying matter can be found in The School Board of Brevard County v. Legacy Academy Charter, Inc., DOAH Case No. 19-6424 (DOAH Aug. 18, 2020), which concluded that the School Board met its burden, by clear and convincing evidence, that it may terminate the Amended Charter. Attorneys’ Fees and Costs for Underlying Matter (DOAH Case No. 20-3911F) On August 28, 2020, the School Board filed a Motion for Attorneys’ Fees, Costs, and Sanctions, which was assigned DOAH Case No. 20-3911F. The undersigned conducted a final hearing in DOAH Case No. 20- 3911F on November 6, 2020. The School Board’s expert on attorneys’ fees at that hearing, Nicholas A. Shannin, Esquire, testified that the hourly rate of $200 for partners and associates at the School Board’s Orlando-based law firm of Garganese, Weiss, D’Agresta & Salzman, P.A. (GWDS), was “incredibly reasonable.” The undersigned held that the $200 hourly rate GWDS charged the School Board for its attorneys was reasonable, and ultimately ordered Legacy, pursuant to section 1002.33(8)(b), to pay the School Board a total of $312,147.80, broken down as follows: (a) $271,162.00 in attorneys’ fees; and (b) $40,985.80 in costs. See The School Bd. of Brevard Cty. v. Legacy Academy Charter, Inc., DOAH Case No 20-3911F (DOAH Dec. 4, 2020). Attorney’s Fees for Appeal (Case No. 5D20-1762) The School Board’s Affidavit of Attorneys’ Fees details the attorney’s fees that the School Board seeks in the appeal, and includes the detailed billing records of GWDS. This affidavit avers that the hourly rate actually billed by counsel was $200 for attorney Erin O’Leary, Esquire, who is Board Certified in Appellate Practice by The Florida Bar, and who handled the appeal. The affidavit further avers that Ms. O’Leary’s total number of hours billed in the appeal was 42.5 hours. Although GWDS attorney Debra Babb-Nutcher, Esquire, participated as counsel in the appeal, including supervising Ms. O’Leary and assisting in case strategy, preparation of documents, and communications with the School Board and opposing counsel, the School Board only seeks to recover the total amount of attorney’s fees charged by Ms. O’Leary. In DOAH Case No. 20-3911F, the undersigned found that the $200 hourly rate GWDS charged the School Board of its attorneys was reasonable, and the undersigned finds that a $200 hourly rate charged by Ms. O’Leary for representing the School Board on appeal is reasonable. The hours expended in this matter are reasonable given the time and labor required, the unique arguments raised by Legacy in attempting to stay the closure of its school, the lack of legal precedent, the multiple factual claims that required rebuttal, the short time frame in which to respond making other work impossible, the significant effort required to defend against the stay, as well as the ultimate success achieved in defeating Legacy’s attempted stay. The School Board has demonstrated that the attorney’s fees sought are reasonable based upon the reasonable rate charged and the reasonable hours expended in the appeal. Legacy has filed nothing to dispute the School Board’s request for appellate attorney’s fees. The Lodestar figure (i.e., the fees charged and hours expended) by Ms. O’Leary in this appeal is $8,500.00 for the work performed between August 19, 2020, through December 3, 2020. The undersigned finds that this Lodestar figure is reasonable in light of the factors enumerated in the Rules of Professional Conduct, found in Rule 4-1.5 of the Rules Regulating The Florida Bar, as well as Florida Patient’s Compensation Fund v. Rowe, 472 So. 2d 1145 (Fla. 1985), and Standard Guaranty Insurance Company v. Quanstrom, 555 So. 2d 828 (Fla. 1990). The undersigned finds that the total fee amount of $8,500.00 for the appeal of the underlying matter, Case No. 5D20-1762, shall be recoverable by the School Board, as prescribed in section 1002.33(8)(b).2
The Issue Whether Petitioner, following his conviction for driving under the influence of alcohol, was properly terminated from his employment by Respondent on January 29, 1999,. Whether Petitioner's termination was an unreasonable and too severe disciplinary action under the facts and circumstances of this case.
Findings Of Fact Brevard Community College, Respondent, is a body politic operating as a political subdivision of the State of Florida and authorized as a public employer to employ personnel and otherwise carry out the mission of the college as prescribed by the Legislature. Brevard Community College participates in the State Retirement Program as a public employer, but Brevard Community College is not involved in the State Career Service System. Respondent approves each non-instructional employee's continued employment for the next fiscal year each June, which includes an annual salary and a daily rate of pay. The employment approval provides that should the employee not remain employed through the entire year, the employee's pay is to be adjusted based on the number of days actually worked. Lloyd Creel, Petitioner, was a full-time employee of Respondent beginning December 17, 1979, and his employment was renewed annually until his termination. Petitioner had been a full-time employee of the college for a period of approximately 19 years prior to his termination, advancing to the position of maintenance supervisor. Petitioner's evaluations were consistently satisfactory and above-average during his employment. Creel was never warned, demoted, placed on a probationary status, or given any other disciplinary action whatsoever during his employment by Respondent. Operating under Chapter 240, Florida Statutes, and based on the recommendation of the District president of the college, the District Board of Trustees of the Brevard Community College approved Petitioner's continued employment for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1999. Petitioner was notified of his employment approval in June 1998. Petitioner's rate of pay was $38,700.00 for the 1998- 1999 fiscal year, at Step No. 257 for an annualized salary for a period of 261 days. The daily rate of pay was $148.28. During his employment with the college, Petitioner accumulated approximately $26,000.00 in sick leave. Florida law provides sick leave is compensable only in the event of death or retirement from the college. On or about October 13, 1998, Petitioner was arrested and charged with Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol (DUI), after hours in his private vehicle. This matter was brought to the attention of officials at Brevard Community College soon thereafter. After Petitioner was charged with DUI, he discontinued utilizing a college vehicle on the job and used his own vehicle. Petitioner continued to perform his responsibilities as maintenance supervisor. These included scheduling work, ordering supplies, occasionally viewing work completed by his subordinates on the job site, and attending meetings. Petitioner's subordinates performed their responsibilities without his direct supervision most of the time. Petitioner had a temporary permit which allowed him to drive through December 1998. Thereafter, the permit expired. After Petitioner's driver's permit expired, he had his roommate take him to work and provide his transportation whenever necessary. Occasionally, when he was required to attend a meeting on another campus, he sought and received rides with other Brevard Community College employees. On January 13, 1999, Petitioner pled no contest to the charge of driving under the influence of alcohol before the County Court of Brevard County, Florida. The Court adjudicated Petitioner guilty of the charge and sentenced him, inter alia, to six months driver's license suspension. Petitioner was eligible to obtain a business purpose driver's license in March 1999. Petitioner continued to perform his job functions until January 29, 1999, when he was terminated by letter from Robert E. Lawton, Associate Vice President for Human Resources. Petitioner protested his termination by writing a letter dated February 9, 1999. He questioned both his termination and the denial of payment for his sick leave. Following the termination of Petitioner, Respondent immediately employed the services of a replacement for the position of maintenance supervisor. That replacement continues to serve and be employed by the college. Counsel for Respondent communicated to counsel for Petitioner in writing that the college was willing to submit this dispute to a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge of the Division of Administrative Hearings. Petitioner was given notice of his rights by the college, together with a summary of the factual and legal policy grounds for his termination on or about May 21, 1999. On or about June 15, 1999, Petitioner filed a Petition for Relief from the employment decision rendered herein. The employment of Petitioner as an air-conditioning and electrical maintenance supervisor required Petitioner to transport himself on a regular and periodic basis among the four campuses of Brevard Community College located in Titusville, Cocoa, Melbourne, and Palm Bay, respectively. The nature of the employment of Petitioner was such that he was required to have a driver's license in order to perform his job properly. The suspension of Petitioner's driver's license, as a result of his conviction for driving under the influence of alcohol, effectively prevented Respondent from performing his job as maintenance supervisor in that he was not able to travel between the college campuses which span a distance of approximately 50 miles in Brevard County, Florida. At that time, there did not exist a lateral position at the college to which Petitioner could be transferred pending the restoration of his driving privileges. A number of college employees, numbering at least three in the recent past, received DUI convictions and have had their licenses suspended. However, they did not suffer a loss of employment as did Petitioner. The following individuals were convicted of DUI during their employment with Brevard Community College. Robert A. Anderson was convicted of DUI on December 9, 1994, while he was Associate Vice President of Student Services, College-Wide. He was not terminated, demoted, or otherwise disciplined as a result of his DUI conviction. Wayne Wilkening was convicted of DUI on November 6, 1995, March 4, 1996, August 19, 1997, and on August 21, 1997, was convicted of violating his probation. Prior to these convictions, Wilkening's driver's license was revoked for ten years. Wilkening's employment, as a groundskeeper, continued until September 7, 1999. Jay Matheny was convicted of DUI on March 15, 1995, while he was employed by the college as mail courier. He was transferred after his conviction to a position as Groundskeeper I, where he is still employed today. Respondent does not have a policy which requires termination in the event of a conviction of DUI and loss of driving privileges. Likewise, the college does not have a policy which requires an employee who is convicted of DUI and who loses driving privileges to be retained or laterally transferred and continued in employment at the college. Petitioner was terminated because he lost his driver's license for a period of six months, and was unable to satisfactorily perform his job. Petitioner contends that he could have performed his job using a surrogate driver to transport him from campus to campus. He further argues that termination was too severe and was inconsistent with past practices.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is hereby RECOMMENDED that the District Board of Trustees of Brevard Community College enter a final order, as follows: The Brevard Community College Board of Trustees is lawfully entitled to terminate Petitioner, Lloyd Creel, under the facts and circumstances of this case; however, the appropriate disciplinary action under the facts and circumstances of this case is suspension without pay for the period January 13, 1999, until the time Petitioner obtained a business purpose driver's license. Petitioner was a non-instructional employee of the college and the Board of Trustees had approved his employment for the fiscal year 1998/1999 and no rule, statute or policy gave Petitioner the expectancy of continued employment beyond the fiscal year ending June 30, 1999. Petitioner should be compensated at the daily rate of pay of $148.28 for the period March through June 30, 1999. Petitioner should be compensated for his accrued sick leave for his period of employment. Petitioner has not demonstrated a legal basis for an award of attorney's fees. DONE AND ENTERED this 25th day of April, 2000, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. DANIEL M. KILBRIDE Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 25th day of April, 2000. COPIES FURNISHED: Susan K. W. Erlenbach, Esquire Erlenbach & Erlenbach, P.A. 400 Julia Street Titusville, Florida 32796 Joe D. Matheny, Esquire 355 Indian River Avenue Titusville, Florida 32782-6526 Thomas E. Gamble, President Brevard Community College 1519 Clearlake Road Cocoa, Florida 32922 Eugene C. Johnson, Chairman District Board of Trustees Brevard Community College 1519 Clearlake Road Cocoa, Florida 32922
