The Issue Whether Respondent's license as a veterinarian in the State of Florida, should be suspended, revoked, or otherwise disciplined for alleged violation of Chapter 474, Florida Statutes, as set forth in the Administrative Complaint, to wit: Section 474.214(1)(f), Florida Statutes, by violating a lawful order of probation of the Board.
Findings Of Fact The Respondent is a licensed veterinarian in the State of Florida, license number VM 2404. Respondent's license is currently under suspension. On March 23, 1988, the Board of Veterinary Medicine filed a Final Order in settlement of ten (10) different cases involving the Respondent. The Final Order adopted a Stipulation of the parties. The Stipulation resulted in the suspension of Respondent's license to practice veterinary medicine and imposed an administrative fine. The stipulation also provided in pertinent part,: Prior to reinstatement of Respondent's license, he shall have the burden of demonstrating to the Board that he is able to practice veterinary medicine safely and in accordance with the laws of the State of Florida. This demonstration shall consist of the following: proof of continuing education as directed by the Board; a comprehensive psychological evaluation from a psychiatrist or psychologist, who is familiar with the charges against the Respondent, and has provided counseling to the Respondent; and a recommendation by that counselor that the Respondent is safe to practice veterinary medicine. A six thousand dollar ($6,000) fine, payable to the Executive Director of the Board, by certified funds, within sixty (60) days after the filing of a Final Order accepting this stipulation. The Final Order amended the stipulation as follows: Paragraph 2(b) of the proposed disposition shall be amended to specify that the psychiatrist or psychologist referred to in that provision shall be a person approved by the Board. For purposes of carrying out this provision, the Board delegates to the Chairman the authority to approve the individual psychiatrist or psychologist. The Board specified that the approved psychiatrist or psychologist must submit the first evaluation within thirty (30) days of the date of this Order and submit a second evaluation toward the end of the period of suspension, but prior to reinstatement. In addition, the Board specified that the approved psychiatrist or psychologist shall make a recommendation with regard to the frequency and duration of the counseling sessions for the Respondent and Respondent shall comply with that recommendation. Finally, the Board specified that the approved psychiatrist or psychologist must submit quarterly reports to the Board with regard to Respondent's progress in counseling and attendance at counseling sessions. It was undisputed that Respondent had not paid the six thousand dollar ($6,000) administrative fine within the sixty (60) days following the filing of the Final Order. No part of the fine was paid by the date of the final hearing in this matter and no attempts to pay or extend the time for payment were made by Respondent. There was no credible evidence presented which indicates that the Respondent's obligation to pay the Administrative Fine was in any way excused or discharged. The fact that Respondent was discharged in bankruptcy does not relieve him of his obligation to pay the administrative fine. Such fines are not dischargeable in bankruptcy. The evidence submitted by Respondent on the above point was not credible. The evidence did show that Respondent was employed at a salary which was sufficient for him to at least make an attempt at payment of the fine, especially since his other debts were discharged in bankruptcy. The order of discharge attached to Respondent's Proposed Recommended Order is the standard form order issued by a bankruptcy court. It was impossible to determine whether the attached creditor list was part of that order. The creditor list is not incorporated or referenced in the order. The list itself appears to be a copy of the mailing list required to be filed with the bankruptcy petition. There was no evidence presented that a petition or other request for reinstatement of the Respondent's license to practice veterinary medicine has been filed. Therefore, Respondent's failure to otherwise comply with the reinstatement requirements of the Final Order are not ripe for hearing before this Hearing Officer.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing findings of fact and conclusion of law, it is: RECOMMENDED that the Florida Board of Veterinary Medicine enter a Final Order revoking the Respondent's license to practice veterinary medicine. DONE AND ENTERED this 9th day of October, 1989, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. DIANE CLEAVINGER Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 9th day of October, 1989. APPENDIX TO RECOMMENDED ORDER CASE NO. 88-5811 The facts contained in paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 of Petitioner's Proposed Findings of Fact are adopted, in substance, in so far as material. The facts contained in paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 13 of Respondent's Proposed Findings of Fact are adopted, in substance, in so far as material. The facts contained in paragraphs 9, 12 & 14 of Respondent's Proposed Findings of Fact were not shown by the evidence. The facts contained in paragraph 10 are subordinate. The facts contained in paragraph 8 of Respondent's Proposed Findings of Fact were subordinate except those continued in the last sentence which were not shown by the evidence. The facts continued in paragraph 11 of Respondent's Proposed Findings of Fact were not shown by the evidence except those continued in the last sentence which are subordinate. COPIES FURNISHED: Laura P. Gaffney, Senior Attorney Department of Professional Regulation Northwood Centre Suite 60 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792 Neil F. Garfield, Esquire Envirwood Executive Plaza Suite 200 5950 West Oakland Park Blvd. Lauderhill, Florida 33313 Lawrence A. Gonzalez Secretary Department of Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792 Kenneth E. Easley General Counsel Department of Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792 Linda Biedermann Executive Director Department of Professional Regulation 1940 North Monroe Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0792
The Issue The issue for determination in this proceeding is whether Florida Administrative Code Rule 61D-6.011 is an invalid exercise of delegated legislative authority, in violation of section 120.52(8).
Findings Of Fact Petitioner, FHBPA, is a Florida not-for-profit corporation created to advance, foster, and promote the sport of thoroughbred horse racing in the State of Florida. FHBPA’s membership includes over 200 Florida-licensed horse trainers and over 5,000 Florida-licensed horse owners, and has associational standing to file and prosecute actions on behalf of its members. Respondent has not challenged FHBPA’s standing to bring this proceeding. Respondent, Department of Business and Professional Regulation, Division of Pari-Mutuel Wagering (PMW), is the state agency charged with the regulation of pari-mutuel wagering in the State of Florida, pursuant to section 20.165 and chapter 550, Florida Statutes. The question to be decided in this proceeding is what the Legislature meant when it amended section 550.2415(7) in 2015, and whether rule 61D-6.011 carries out the legislative directive it contains. Before the 2015 legislative session, section 550.2415 stated, in pertinent part: (3)(a) Upon the finding of a violation of this section, the division may revoke or suspend the license or permit of the violator or deny a license or permit to the violator; impose a fine against the violator in an amount not exceeding $5,000; require the full or partial return or the purse, sweepstakes, and trophy of the race at issue; or impose against the violator any combination of such penalties. The finding of a violation of this section in no way prohibits a prosecution for criminal acts committed. * * * (7)(e) The division may, by rule, establish acceptable levels of permitted medications and shall select the appropriate biological specimens by which the administration of permitted medication is monitored. * * * The division shall adopt rules to implement this section. The rules may include a classification system for prohibited substances and a corresponding penalty schedule for violations. Except as specifically modified by statute or by rules of the division, the Uniform Classification Guidelines for Foreign Substances, revised February 14, 1995, as promulgated by the Association of Racing Commissioners International, Inc., is hereby adopted by reference as the uniform classification system for class IV and V medications. (Emphasis added). During the 2015 legislative session, the Legislature substantially amended section 550.2415. Ch. 15-88, § 1, Laws of Fla. Not all of the changes made are germane to the challenge at issue here, but the amendments to subsections (3) and (7) are critical: (3)(a) Upon the finding of a violation of this section, the division may revoke or suspend the license or permit of the violator or deny a license or permit to the violator; impose a fine against the violator in an amount not exceeding the purse or sweepstakes earned by the animal in the race at issue or $10,000, whichever is greater; require the full or partial return of the purse, sweepstakes, and trophy of the race at issue; or impose against the violator any combination of such penalties. The finding of a violation of this section does not prohibit a prosecution for criminal acts committed. * * * (7)(a) In order to protect the safety and welfare of racing animals and the integrity of the races in which the animals participate, the division shall adopt rules establishing the conditions of use and maximum concentrations of medications, drugs, and naturally occurring substances identified in the Controlled Therapeutic Medication Schedule, Version 2.1, revised April 17, 2014, adopted by the Association of Racing Commissioners International, Inc. Controlled therapeutic medications include only the specific medications and concentrations allowed in biological samples which have been approved by the Association of Racing Commissioners International, Inc., as controlled therapeutic medications. * * * (c) The division rules must include a classification system for drugs and substances and a corresponding penalty schedule for violations which incorporates the Uniform Classification Guidelines for Foreign Substances, Version 8.0, revised December 2014, by the Association of Racing Commissioners International, Inc. The division shall adopt laboratory screening limits approved by the Association of Racing Commissioners International, Inc., for drugs and medications that are not included as controlled therapeutic medications, the presence of which in a sample may result in a violation of this section. (Emphasis added). The title page of the ARCI Document states, “Uniform Classification Guidelines for Foreign Substances and Recommended Penalties and Model Rule.” Each of the remaining pages of the ARCI Document, including those pages that encompass the ARCI Recommended Penalties, identifies the ARCI Document as the “Uniform Classification Guidelines for Foreign Substances.” The Notes Regarding Classification Guidelines, found at page ii, states that “Where the use of a drug is specifically permitted by a jurisdiction, then the jurisdiction’s rule supersedes these penalty guidelines.” (Emphasis added). Rules 61D-6.011 and 61D-6.008 were amended in 2016, in response to the amendments to section 550.2415. Rule 61D-6.008 addresses permitted medications allowed for horses, and rule 61D- addresses the penalties to be imposed for drug violations. Relevant portions of rule 61D-6.011 provide: The penalties in this rule shall be imposed when the stewards or the Division finds that the following substances have been identified by the state laboratory in a urine sample or blood sample collected from a horse participating in a pari-mutuel event: (a) Any medication listed in subsection 61D-6.008(2), F.A.C. [1.-3. provide penalty ranges for first, second, and third offenses] The penalty for any medication or drug which is not described in subsection (1) above shall be based upon the classification of the medication or drug found in the Uniform Classification Guidelines for Foreign Substances, revised December 2014, as promulgated by the Association of Racing Commissioners International, Inc., which is hereby incorporated and adopted herein by reference, https://flrules.org/Gateway/ reference.asp?No=Ref-06400, www.myfloridalicense.com/dbpr/pmw or by contacting the Department of Business and Professional Regulation, 2601 Blair Stone Road, Tallahassee, Florida 32399. The penalty schedule shall be as follows: Class I substances: First violation of this chapter Second violation of this chapter Third or subsequent violation of this chapter Class II substances: First violation of this chapter $3,000 to $5,000 fine and suspension of license 90 days to one year, or revocation of license; $4,000 to $5,000 fine and suspension of license of no less than one year, or revocation of license. $5,000 to $10,000 fine and revocation of license. $250 to $1,000 fine and suspension of license zero to 180 days; Second violation of this chapter Third or subsequent violation of this chapter Class III substances: First violation of this chapter Second violation of this chapter Third or subsequent violation of this chapter Class IV or V substances: First violation of this chapter Second violation of this chapter $500 to $1,000 fine and suspension of license of no less than 180 days, or revocation of license; $1,000 to $5,000 fine and suspension of license of no less than one year, or revocation of license $300 to $500 fine; $500 to $750 fine and suspension of license zero to 30 days, or revocation of license; $750 to $1,000 fine and suspension of license zero to 180 days, or revocation of license. $100 to $250 fine; $250 to $500 fine and suspension of license zero to 10 days; Third violation of this chapter $500 to $1,000 fine and suspension of license zero to 60 days. The Division may consider mitigation or aggravation to deviate from these penalty guidelines. * * * Absent mitigating circumstances, the stewards or the Division shall order the return of any purse, prize, or award from any pari-mutuel event for redistribution when a positive test for a drug or medication described in paragraphs (1)(a), (1)(b), (2)(a), or (2)(b) is reported by the state laboratory and confirmed through the hearing process. The stewards or the Division may order the return of any purse, prize, or award for redistribution when the positive test of a drug or medication reported by the state laboratory is not described in paragraphs (1)(a), (1)(b), (2)(a), or (2)(b) of this rule. In the event the stewards or Division orders the return of the purse, prize, or award for redistribution as described in this subsection, the reason(s) for the redistribution shall be provided in writing. (Emphasis added). Rule 61D-6.011 varies from the penalty provisions in the ARCI Recommended Penalties in several respects. First, in the drug classification tables in the ARCI Document, which the rule incorporates by reference, there are columns to identify the drug or substance; trade name, if any; drug class; and penalty class. Not all drugs in a drug class are in the same penalty class. For example, all class 1 drugs are in penalty class A, with the exception of cocaine, morphine, and strychnine, which are in penalty class B. The majority of class 2 drugs are also in penalty class A, with the exception of caffeine, carisoprodol, diazepam, hydroxyzine, ketamine, levamisole, lidocaine, mepivacaine, and romifidine, which are in penalty class B. Class 3 drugs are generally split between penalty classes A and B, and class 4 drugs include both penalty classes B and C. Similarly, class 5 drugs are split between penalty classes C and D. It is clear from the text of the ARCI Document that the drug classifications and the penalty guidelines are intended to work together as a comprehensive approach to the impermissible drugging of racing horses. In the Recommended Penalty and Model Rule portion of the ARCI Document, there are separate penalties recommended for licensed trainers and for owners. For trainers, class A penalties include a minimum fine of $10,000 or 10% of the total purse, whichever is greater, absent mitigating circumstances, to a maximum of $25,000 or 25% of the purse with aggravating factors for a first offense. For a second offense in any jurisdiction, the fine amount is $25,000 or 25% of the total purse, whichever is greater, absent mitigating circumstances, and may increase with aggravating circumstances to a maximum of $50,000 or 50% of the purse, whichever is greater. For a third offense in any jurisdiction, the minimum fine is $50,000 or 50% of the total purse, whichever is greater, absent mitigating circumstances, and may increase with aggravating circumstances to a maximum of $100,000 or 100% of the purse, whichever is greater. For owners, the first and second offenses include disqualification and loss of purse. The penalty for a third offense includes disqualification, loss of purse, and a $50,000 fine. For owners and trainers, the monetary penalties may exceed the maximum permitted under section 550.4215(3), which authorizes a fine not exceeding the purse or sweepstakes earned by the animal, or $10,000, whichever is greater. The parties have submitted the House and Senate Bill analyses that address the amendment to section 550.2415 at issue here.1/ The House of Representatives Final Bill Analysis for CS/HB 239 includes the following statements: The bill changes the maximum fine for violations from $5,000 to $10,000 or the amount of the purse, whichever is greater. The bill also reduces the time for the division to begin administrative prosecutions for violations from 2 years to 90 days. The bill requires the division to adopt the Association of Racing Commissioners International (ARCI) rules regarding the medications, drugs, and naturally occurring substances given to race animals, including a classification system for drugs that incorporates ARCI’s Penalty Guidelines for drug violations, and updates current methodologies used in testing procedures. . . . * * * Effect of Proposed Changes * * * The bill requires that the penalty schedule for violations must incorporate the Uniform Classification Guidelines for Foreign Substances, Version 8.0, revised December 2014, by the ARCI. These guidelines are “intended to assist stewards, hearing offices and racing commissioners in evaluating the seriousness of alleged violations of medication and prohibited substance rules. ” The bill analysis for CS/SB 226 contains similar provisions stating that the ARCI Penalty Guidelines must be incorporated into a rule adopted by Respondent. The penalty guidelines included in rule 61D-6.011 do not incorporate the ARCI Recommended Penalties. The PMW’s website includes a listing of statutes and rules, with links to the rules. Included in that list is a statement that “The Association of Racing Commissioners International, Inc. ‘Uniform Classification Guidelines for Foreign Substances and Recommended Penalties and Model Rule’ is adopted and incorporated by rule.” Notwithstanding this statement, the ARCI Recommended Penalties are not incorporated into rule 61D-6.011 or any other rule identified in this proceeding. The rule provides for consideration of a number of aggravating and mitigating circumstances, when warranted, that allow for deviation from the identified penalty guidelines. As noted above, rule 61D-6.011(1) refers to the medications listed in rule 61D-6.008. Rule 61D-6.008 provides in pertinent part: Permitted medications for horses: The prescription medications defined in this rule shall be permitted under the conditions set forth to conserve and protect the health of the horse which is entered to race. All such medications shall be procured and administered by a licensed veterinarian, except where a valid prescription or dispensing occurs in compliance with the requirements of Chapter 474, F.S. The following permitted medications at concentrations less than or equal to the following schedule shall not be reported by the racing laboratory to the Division as a violation of Section 550.2415, F.S. [list of medications and concentration levels for each one]. Thus, subsection (1) of rule 61D-6.011 addresses violations where too much of a permitted medication is found in a race day sample, whereas subsection (2) addresses violations based upon prohibited medications. Petitioner presented the testimony of Scott Hay and Edward Martin in support of its contention that the penalty guidelines adopted by PMW are arbitrary and capricious. Dr. Scott Hay is a veterinarian who has worked with thoroughbred racehorses since 1988. He is a member of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, the American Veterinary Medical Association, and the Florida Veterinary Association. He serves as co-chair on the scientific advisory committee for the Racing Medication and Testing Consortium, which worked on the development of the ARCI Document. Dr. Hay was familiar with the ARCI Document and described the process used to determine threshold levels for medications. He testified that the scientific advisory committee relied extensively on the expertise of some of its members to determine the appropriate levels of medications that would be appropriate under the drug classifications. On the other hand, while he is familiar with PMW’s rules and was involved in the rulemaking workshops when the rules were first amended after the 2015 statutory change, he did not believe that he made any comments on these particular rules during that process. He did not provide any testimony that provided information on what methodology PMW used when formulating its penalty guidelines. Mr. Martin works for the Association of Racing Commissioners International as its president and has done so since 2005. He testified that the Racing Medication and Testing Consortium is a consortium of racing industry organizations that advises ARCI and regulatory entities on medication and anti-doping policies. He described the process by which the scientific advisory committee meets and considers recommendations on changes to policies. According to Mr. Martin, the scientific advisory committee relies on the collective judgment of the pharmacologists, chemists, toxicologists, and veterinarians to provide advice and expertise about appropriate public policy. The controlled therapeutic medication schedule is an attempt to provide some consistency in the regulation of some commonly used medications that are considered appropriate for equine care. The schedule recommends a threshold for testing, and only if that threshold is exceeded, is there a violation of the rules of racing. Mr. Martin pointed to the reference in rule 61D-6.011 to rule 61D-6.008. He testified that what “struck him” about the Florida rules is that rule 61D-6.008 encompasses the controlled therapeutic list, but rule 61D-6.011(1) appears to provide the same penalty for any violation of a substance itemized in 61D- 6.008. This treatment is not consistent with ARCI’s penalty schedule, but Mr. Martin did not know whether Florida made a conscious decision to impose a different recommended penalty than what is contained in the ARCI Document, and did not know the intent of the drafters with respect to the rule.
