The Issue The issue in the case is whether Florida Administrative Code Rules 64B2-15.001(2)(e) and 64B2-15.001(2)(e)3. are invalid exercises of delegated legislative authority.
Findings Of Fact The Petitioner, a Florida-licensed chiropractor, is the subject of an Administrative Complaint filed against him by the Department of Health, Board of Chiropractic. The Administrative Complaint alleges that the Petitioner's letterhead identifies him as a "CICE (Certified Independent Chiropractic Examiner)" and that such designation requires a disclaimer as set forth at Florida Administrative Code Rule 64B2-15.001(2)(e)3. The Administrative Complaint further alleges that the use of the designation constitutes a deceptive and misleading advertisement pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Rule 64B2- 15.001(2)(e). The Administrative Complaint was filed as the result of a complaint against the Petitioner filed by another chiropractor. The American Board of Independent Medical Examiners (ABIME) bestows the designation "CICE" on chiropractors. Some chiropractors such as the Petitioner obtain the designation by completing a 20-hour course over a weekend and then passing a test. A witness for the Respondent, Dr. Ronald Lee Harris, obtained the designation by working with the ABIME on reviewing examination questions used by the ABIME and has not completed any course of training related to the CICE designation. Another witness for the Respondent, Dr. Stanley Kaplan, testified that he was listed on the ABIME website with the CICE designation, but that he was unaware of the designation until the day prior to the hearing and has not completed any course of training related to the CICE designation. Florida Administrative Code Rule 64B2-15.001(2)(e) provides as follows: 64B2-15.001 Deceptive and Misleading Advertising Prohibited; Policy; Definition. (2) No chiropractor shall disseminate or cause the dissemination of any advertisement or advertising which is in any way fraudulent, false, deceptive or misleading. Any advertisement or advertising shall be deemed by the Board to be fraudulent, false, deceptive, or misleading if it: * * * (e) Conveys the impression that the chiropractor or chiropractors, disseminating the advertising or referred to therein, possess qualifications, skills, or other attributes which are superior to other chiropractors, other than a simple listing of earned professional post-doctoral or other professional achievements. However, a chiropractor is not prohibited from advertising that he has attained Diplomate status in a chiropractic specialty area recognized by the Board of Chiropractic. Chiropractic Specialities recognized by the Board are those recognized by the various Councils of the American Chiropractic Association or the International Chiropractic Association. Each speciality requires a minimum of 300 hours of post-graduate credit hours and passage of a written and oral examination approved by the American Chiropractic Association or International Chiropractic Association. Titles used for the respective specialty status are governed by the definitions articulated by the respective councils. A Diplomate of the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners is not recognized by the Board as a chiropractic specialty status for the purpose of this rule. A chiropractor who advertises that he or she has attained recognition as a specialist in any specific chiropractic or adjunctive procedure by virtue of a certification received from an entity not recognized under this rule may use a reference to such specialty recognition only if the board, agency, or other body which issued the additional certification is identified, and only if the letterhead or advertising also contains in the same print size or volume the statement that “The specialty recognition identified herein has been received from a private organization not affiliated with or recognized by the Florida Board of Chiropractic Medicine.” The Petitioner asserts that the phrase "other than a simple listing of earned professional post-doctoral or other professional achievements" as set forth at Florida Administrative Code Rule 64B2-15.001(2)(e) is vague and fails to properly apprise a reasonable person as to what is prohibited. The Respondent presented the expert testimony of three witnesses during the hearing. Two of the three witnesses offered differing opinions as to what constitutes "a simple listing of earned professional post-doctoral or other professional achievements." Dr. Stanley Kaplan testified that the phrase would permit a chiropractor to list only his chiropractic degree, but also indicated that a "simple listing" could include any items a chiropractor would include on a curriculum vita. Dr. Ronald Lee Harris testified that the phrase includes only the chiropractic degree and that listing "achievements" other than a degree and Diplomate status would require inclusion of the language related to the awarding entity's lack of affiliation with or recognition by the Florida Board of Chiropractic Medicine (the "disclaimer language"). Dr. Harris testified that the information set forth on a curriculum vita would not be properly included in "a simple listing of earned professional post-doctoral or other professional achievements." Dr. Steven Willis testified that the phrase "simple listing of earned professional post-doctoral or other professional achievements" could be viewed as vague if considered outside the context of the remainder of the rule section, but asserted that the language set forth in subsection 3 of Florida Administrative Code Rule 64B2- 15.001(2)(e) clarified the phrase. Dr. Willis' testimony was credible and is accepted. Based on the testimony of Dr. Steven Willis and a contextual reading of the Rule, Florida Administrative Code Rule 64B2-15.001(2)(e) is not vague. The evidence establishes that the reference to "a simple listing of earned professional post-doctoral or other professional achievements" achievements in Florida Administrative Code Rule 64B2-15.001(2)(e) is limited by subsection 3 to require inclusion of a disclaimer in certain specific circumstances. Clearly a chiropractor can advertise the fact that he has received a doctorate in chiropractic medicine. A chiropractor may also advertise "earned professional post- doctoral or other professional achievements," whether or not the Board of Chiropractic Medicine has recognized the conferring entity. In the event the Board has not recognized the conferring entity, the advertising chiropractor must include the disclaimer language when the designation connotes "recognition as a specialist in any specific chiropractic or adjunctive procedure." The Petitioner further asserts that Florida Administrative Code Rule 64B2-15.001(2)(e)3. is vague because the phrase "specialist in any specific chiropractic or adjunctive procedure" is capable of multiple interpretations. The evidence establishes that, within the context of the Rule, "specialist in any specific chiropractic or adjunctive procedure" has sufficient meaning to convey who is being identified and is therefore not vague. The Rule requires only that where an advertising chiropractor represents himself to be a specialist in any chiropractic or adjunctive procedure by virtue of a "certification" from an unrecognized entity, the advertising must include the disclaimer language that the certification was received from a "private organization not affiliated with or recognized by the Florida Board of Chiropractic Medicine."
Findings Of Fact At all relevant times, the Respondent Joseph O. Smith, was licensed as a chiropractic physician by the Florida Board of Chiropractic. On or about March 3, 1982, an investigator for the Department of Professional Regulation, William Pawley, went to the chiropractic office of the Respondent Smith and took into his possession five (5) pieces of literature, each containing the name of the Respondent Smith, from the public waiting area of the office. The literature consisted of the following: A brochure entitled "Total Health Care Center", on which is printed the name Dr. Joseph O. Smith with no designation of the Center as a chiropractic or related facility or of Respondent as a chiropractic physician. (Petitioner's Exhibit No. 1) A flyer with the Respondent Smith's and Total Health Care Center's address captioned across the top, with no designation of the Center as a chiropractic or related institution or of Respondent as a chiropractic physician. (Petitioner's Exhibit No. 2) A brochure entitled "What to Do in Case of an Automobile Accident" which has the Respondent's and Total Health Care Center's address and telephone number on the cover with no designation of the Center as a chiropractic or related institution or of Respondent as a chiropractic physician. (Petitioner's Exhibit No. 3) A wallet-size card with the Republican Party's elephant symbol, the slogan "The Republican Party of Florida" and the Respondent's name without a designation of Respondent as a chiropractic physician. (Petitioner's Exhibit No. 4) A booklet entitled "Foundation of Man" authored by the Respondent Smith which designates him as a chiropractic physician. (Petitioner's Exhibit No. 5) The "Total Health Care Center" is located at 349 Southwest 79th Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, and is the chiropractic office of the Respondent Smith. The sign outside the office which is visible from the street clearly designates the office as being that of a chiropractic physician. The "Total Health Care Center" is primarily a chiropractic office which also offers related health care and medical services when appropriate. During the past three years, Dr. R. George Manieri, D.O., has examined patients at the Center and provided medical services including routine check-ups, vaginal examinations, breast examinations and pap smears. He also treated the Respondent's patients on a referral or part-time basis, by prescribing medication for birth control and other medical reasons. According to Dr. Manieri, the Respondent's position at the Center was both as a director and chiropractor since both medical and chiropractic services were available. Dr. Jeffrey Goldenberg, a licensed medical doctor specializing in obstetrics and gynecology, saw the Respondent's patients at the Center for birth control exams, breast checks and other medical reasons. The Respondent referred patients to Dr. Goldenberg, who saw patients either in the Center or at his private office. The Respondent Smith treated patients at the Center only for chiropractic problems. The Respondent Smith acted as the Director of the Center and has employed both chiropractic and medical physicians as part of his total or holistic philosophy of health care. Consumers who arrive at the Center are immediately placed on notice that the Center is essentially a chiropractic office by signs both outside and inside the establishment. The booklets, which were obtained by the Department from inside the Center and which failed to designate the Respondent or the Center by use of the term "D.C. or Chiropractic" (Petitioner's Exhibit Nos. 1, 2 & 3), were provided for general informational purposes and were not intended as chiropractic advertisements. Petitioner's Exhibits 1 and 3 are neither false nor misleading and contain general medical information concerning breast cancer, arthritis, burns, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, heart attacks, CPR and aid for automobile accident victims. These pamphlets (Petitioner's Exhibit Nos. 1 & 3) were distributed for informational purposes only to patients once inside the office, who were already on notice that they were in the office of a chiropractor. When the Respondent Smith advertised himself as a chiropractor, he used the term chiropractor or D.C. after his name. However, when he advertised the Center, the Respondent would indicate that it provided both chiropractic and medical services as indicated by Petitioner's Exhibit No. 2. In addition to running the Center and practicing chiropractic, the Respondent also ran for the Republican nomination for Governor of Florida. His campaign office was located at the Center and, as demonstrated by Petitioner's Exhibit No. 4, at least one campaign document was kept at the Center which did not designate him as a chiropractic physician. Dr. Barry Adler, a licensed chiropractor and Secretary of Broward County Chiropractic Society and Co-Chairman of the Society's Ethics Committee, testified concerning the community standard in Broward County regarding the designation of chiropractors for advertising purposes. In Broward County, it is common for chiropractors to not use the term chiropractor or D.C. in their names when they are not advertising chiropractic services. For example, business cards and bank accounts of chiropractors are maintained without the designation, since such items are not generally considered as advertisements. Similarly, the Journal of the Florida Chiropractic Association, Inc., and Directors of the Broward County Chiropractic Society, lists their directors as "Drs." without the specific designation of chiropractor or D.C. following each name. Patients who visited the Total Health Care Center would not be misled by the lack of the designation "D.C." or "chiropractor" on Petitioner's Exhibit Nos. 1, 2 and 3, which were offered to prospective patients once inside the Center. The information both outside and inside the Center made it clear that the Respondent provided primarily chiropractic care while the Center offered both chiropractic and medical services. No evidence was presented on Count I of the Administrative Complaint.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing findings of fact and conclusions of law, it is RECOMMENDED: That the Administrative Complaint filed against the Respondent Joseph O. Smith be dismissed. DONE and ORDERED this 2nd day of September, 1983, Tallahassee, Florida. SHARYN L. SMITH, Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The Oakland Building 2009 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32301 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 2nd day of September, 1983.
Findings Of Fact In light of the fact that the parties offered no testimony, either by way of live witnesses or through depositions, the only facts applicable to this proceeding are those admitted in Respondent's Answer to the Petition herein. These are: This is a petition for the determination of the validity of Rule 21D- 2.17, Florida Administrative Code, one of the rules of the Florida State Board of Chiropractic Examiners. Petitioner, William J. Mayers, D.C., is a practicing chiropractor licensed by the Board of Chiropractic Examiners pursuant to Chapter 460, Florida Statutes, and holding License No. 1806. The Petitioner is charged with violating Rule 21D-2.17, Florida Administrative Code, in Administrative Charges brought by the Board of Chiropractic Examiners, and currently pending before a Hearing Officer from the Division of Administrative Hearings in Case No. 78-2550, and the Petitioner is, therefore, substantially affected by the challenged rule.
The Issue Whether the Respondent committed the violation alleged in the Administrative Complaint issued October 2, 2006, and, if so, the penalty that should be imposed.
Findings Of Fact Based on the oral and documentary evidence presented at the final hearing and on the entire record of this proceeding, the following findings of fact are made: The Department is the state agency responsible for investigating and prosecuting complaints against persons holding licenses in the health professions and occupations, including chiropractic physicians. See § 456.073, Fla. Stat. The Board of Chiropractic Medicine ("Board") is the entity responsible for imposing penalties against chiropractic physicians for violations of Section 460.413(1), Florida Statutes. See § 460.413(2), Fla. Stat. At the times material to this proceeding, Dr. Falowski was a chiropractic physician licensed to practice chiropractic medicine in Florida, having been issued license number CH 5108. Dr. Falowski was first certified in Florida to practice chiropractic medicine in 1986. Dr. Falowski also is certified to administer propriety drugs. At the times material to this proceeding, Dr. Falowski did business as Rainbow Rehabilitation, and his address of record was 4201 North State Road 7, Lauderdale Lakes, Florida 33319. On or about August 25, 2997, Dr. Falowski submitted an application for acupuncture certification to the Department. He paid a fee and was certified to take the acupuncture certification examination. His application reflects that he completed 105 hours of acupuncture training at the University of Miami. Dr. Falowski took the acupuncture certification examination in November 1997, but he did not pass the examination. On or about April 15, 1998, Dr. Falowski submitted a second application for acupuncture certification to the Department. He paid a fee and was again certified to take the acupuncture certification examination. His application reflects that he completed acupuncture training at the University of Miami. Dr. Falowski took the acupuncture certification examination in May 1998 and attained a passing score. On or about July 7, 1998, the Department mailed an Examination Grade Report to Dr. Falowski, advising him that he had passed the chiropractic certification examination for acupuncture. A Request for Registration Form for the Board of Chiropractic Medicine was included with the Examination Grade Report, and the instructions stated that the form and a check or money order must be returned to the Department within 45 days. The form listed a $100.00 fee for the Chiropractic Acupuncture Certification. There is nothing in the records of the Department indicating that it received the Request for Registration Form or check in the amount of $100.00 from Dr. Falowski, nor do the records reflect that Dr. Falowski has been issued an acupuncture certification.4 On or about December 28, 2005, writing was observed on the window of the Rainbow Rehabilitation office which stated: WE DO PHYSICALS & BLOOD WORK LICENSED ACUPUNCTURE EKG No acupuncture license number was listed on the window. Dr. Falowski intended to perform acupuncture treatments for any member of the public who requested these treatments at Rainbow Rehabilitation.5
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that the Board of Chiropractic Medicine enter a final order Finding that Francis J. Falowski, D.C., offered to practice acupuncture when he was not certified to do so, in violation of Section 460.413(1)(t); Imposing an administrative fine against Dr. Falowski in the amount of $5,000.00; and Placing Dr. Falowski on probation for a period of two years, under such terms and conditions as the Board deems appropriate. DONE AND ENTERED this 20th day of March, 2008, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. PATRICIA M. HART Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 20th day of March, 2008.
Findings Of Fact Respondent, Richard Powers, was at all times material hereto a licensed chiropractor in the State of Florida, having been issued license number CH0003372. Respondent has routinely advertised his chiropractic practice in the Palm Beach Post. On July 8, 1984, July 15, 1984, and September 2, 1984, Respondent ran an advertisement in the Palm Beach Post which offered a free examination and which stated that the "usual value of this exam is $80. This includes X-rays if needed." The advertisement did not include the disclaimer mandated by Section 455.24, Florida Statutes. That statute, effective June 12, 1984, required that: In any advertisement for a free, discounted fee, or reduced fee service, examination, or treatment by a health care provider ... (such as Respondent) ... the following statement shall appear in capital letters clearly distinguishable from the rest of the text: THE PATIENT AND ANY OTHER PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR PAYMENT HAS A RIGHT TO REFUSE TO PAY, CANCEL PAYMENT, OR BE REIMBURSED FOR PAYMENT FOR ANY OTHER SERVICE, EXAMINATION, OR TREATMENT WHICH IS PERFORMED AS A RESULT OF AND WITHIN 72 HOURS OF RESPONDING TO THE ADVERTISEMENT FOR THE FREE, DISCOUNTED FEE, OR REDUCED FEE SERVICE, EXAMINATION, OR TREATMENT. By memorandum dated September 30, 1984, the Department of Professional Regulation, Board of Chiropractic (Board), advised all licensees of the aforesaid amendment to section 455.24. Respondent asserts he had no knowledge of the amendment until his receipt of the Board's memorandum in October, 1984, and that he complied, or attempted to comply, with the amendment at all times thereafter. The evidence supports Respondent's assertions. The advertisements of July 8, 1984, and July 15, 1984, were captioned in bold type "ADVANCED APPLIED CHIROPRACTIC," listed Respondent as a diplomate of the National Board of Chiropractic, and concluded in bold type "A STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE." The advertisement of September 2, 1984, touted Respondent's clinic as "Advanced Applied Chiropractic and Comprehensive Pain Center." The generally accepted definition within the medical community of diplomate is an individual who has completed an extensive post graduate program and successfully passed the board's examination. This establishes superior qualifications in the individual's field of practice. Although the National Board of Chiropractic issues diplomate certification to those individuals who pass its examination, its examination is a basic licensing examination which establishes minimal competency, not excellence. Respondent's use of the phrase "Advanced Applied Chiropractic" to describe his clinic implies that he possesses skills superior to the average chiropractor. Respondent has registered the phrase "Advanced Applied Chiropractic" as a fictitious name. Respondent was, on one prior occasion, disciplined by the Board for an advertising violation.
The Issue At issue is whether Petitioner is entitled to an award of attorney's fees and costs pursuant to Section 57.111, Florida Statutes, the "Florida Equal Access to Justice Act." Also at issue is whether, as contended by Respondent, there is "a complete absence of a justiciable issue of either law or fact raised by [Petitioner's claim]" and, therefore, Respondent should be awarded attorney's fees and costs pursuant to Section 57.105, Florida Statutes.
Findings Of Fact Finding related to the underlying disciplinary action The Department of Health, Division of Medical Quality Assurance, Board of Chiropractic (Department), is a state agency charged with the duty and responsibility for regulating the practice of chiropractic pursuant to Section 20.43 and Chapters 455 and 460, Florida Statutes.3 At all times material hereto, Petitioner, Robert Frankl, D.C. (Dr. Frankl), was licensed to practice chiropractic in the State of Florida, having been issued license number CH 0002560. On August 6, 1997, the Department filed a two-count Administrative Complaint against Dr. Frankl (agency case number 94-20261). Count I charged Dr. Frankl violated Subsection 460.413(l)(m), Florida Statutes, by failing to keep written chiropractic records justifying the course of treatment of a patient, including patient histories, examination results, test results, X-rays, diagnosis of a disease, condition or injury. Count II charged Dr. Frankl violated Subsection 460.413(l)(v), Florida Statutes, by violating Rule 59N-17.0065(2), Florida Administrative Code, which requires that adequate patient records be legibly maintained, and that initial and follow-up services (daily notes) shall consist of documentation to justify care. For such violations, the Department proposed that one or more of the following penalties be imposed: . . . suspension of . . . [Dr. Frankl's] license, restriction of . . . [Dr. Frankl's] practice, imposition of an administrative fine, issuance of a reprimand, placement of . . . [Dr. Frankl] on probation, and/or any other relief that the Board [of Chiropractic] deems appropriate. Dr. Frankl disputed the allegations of fact contained in the Administrative Complaint, and the matter was referred to the Division of Administrative Hearings for the assignment of an administrative law judge to conduct a formal hearing. The matter was assigned DOAH Case No. 97-4109, and a hearing was duly scheduled for December 17, 1997. Shortly prior to hearing, the Department filed a motion to relinquish jurisdiction that was denied by the administrative law judge. Pertinent to this case, the reaction of Dr. Frankl's counsel to the Department's maneuver was memorialized in a letter of November 20, 1997, from Dr. Frankl's counsel to the Department's counsel, as follows: This letter will confirm our telephone conversation of today in which you advised me that the Administrative Law Judge denied the AHCA's Motion to Relinquish Jurisdiction. At this point you are contemplating whether or not to voluntarily dismiss Count I and II of the Administrative Complaint. Thereafter, the AHCA may decide to re-charge Dr. Frankl if the Chiropractic Probable Cause Panel finds cause after re-reviewing this case. In the event that the AHCA recommends that this case be re-presented to the Probable Cause Panel for purposes of re-charging him, please be advised that Dr. Frankl will be prosecuting the AHCA and/or the Chiropractic Probable Cause Panel for attorney's fees especially given the potential dismissal of the pending charges against him. Dr. Frankl is willing to waive his claim for attorney's fees if the AHCA and/or the Panel consider immediate dismissal with prejudice of any and all charges arising out of this matter, including the charges alleged in the investigative report. From the beginning of the Panel's investigation of Dr. Frankl almost two years ago, they would have certainly pursued all potential violations against him for purposes of bringing the subsequent Administrative Complaint. Notwithstanding their investigation of all potential violations against Dr. Frankl, as identified in their investigative report, the AHCA chose only to prosecute two of those charges in the form of a two count Administrative Complaint against him. Certainly at that time counsel for the AHCA would have been aware of all of the charges in the investigative report when they filed the two count Complaint against him. By counsel for the AHCA's own actions in prosecuting only these two charges in the Complaint and not the remainder of the charges in the investigative report proves that the remaining allegations in the report are meritless (even though the AHCA would like to now have these same charges re- presented to the Probable Cause Panel for purposes of potentially re-charging him). Dr. Frankl has had to spend considerable monies, time, costs and attorney's fees in defending this matter. The situation is tantamount to a witch hunt by the Panel to find anything to hang over Dr. Frankl's head. Further, the last minute attempts by the AHCA on the eve of trial, presently set for December 17, 1997, to have the Judge relinquish jurisdiction because they realized the counts were meritless in view of their own experts' reports proves that the Panel and/or the State seek to prolong the process and harass Dr. Frankl and thereby deny him his day-in-court to defend these charges and bring this matter to a final resolution. Subsequently, counsel for the Department and counsel for Dr. Frankl reached an agreement whereby counsel for the Department would recommend to the Board of Chiropractic that the investigation against Dr. Frankl be closed. In exchange, Dr. Frankl, through counsel, agreed, provided the investigation was closed, to waive any action for attorney's fees related to the case. The parties agreement was memorialized in a letter, dated December 19, 1997, from Dr. Frankl's counsel to the Department's counsel, as follows: Pursuant to our telephone conversation of Friday, December 19, 1997 this letter will confirm that upon your recommendation to the Probable Cause Panel of the Board of Chiropractic on Monday, December 22, 1997 at 12:30 p.m. that you will be requesting on behalf of AHCA that the instant investigation in regards to Dr. Frankl be closed (given the Voluntary Dismissal)4[.] Dr. Frankl, in turn, agrees to waive any action for attorneys' fees related to this case so long as the Probable Cause Panel elects to close their investigation against Dr. Frankl on December 19, 1997 (sic) [December 22, 1997] at the hearing. A memorandum of the Probable Cause Panel, Board of Chiropractic, for the Probable Cause Panel meeting of December 22, 1997, notes that the panel resolved that "PROBABLE CAUSE WAS NOT FOUND IN THIS CASE." (Respondent's Exhibit 3.) That finding resulted in the entry of a formal "CLOSING ORDER" on January 16, 1998, which provided: THE COMPLAINT: The Complaint alleges that the Subject is in violation of Section 460.413(l)(m), Florida Statutes, for failing to keep written chiropractic records justifying the course of treatment of the patient. THE FACTS: On or about June 18, 1995, Patients A.M. and J.M. voluntarily withdrew their complaint against the Subject; and stated that no violations occurred. On or about November 7, 1995, an Agency expert opined that the Subject's records on Patients A.M. and J.M. contain "adequate initial history and examination records" and "they seem to correspond with dates of services as are noted in billings." On or about April 3, 1996, probable cause was found that a violation of Section 460.413(l)(m), Florida Statutes, occurred. On or about April 4, 1997, another Agency expert opined "that legible written chiropractic records were kept on both patients J.M. and A.M. justifying treatment." THE LAW: Based on the foregoing, although probable cause had previously been found by the panel to exist, in light of the foregoing, the case shall be dismissed. It is, therefore, ORDERED that this matter be, and the same is hereby, DISMISSED. Findings relating to Dr. Frankl's claim for attorney's fees and costs under Section 57.111, Florida Statutes Pertinent to Dr. Frankl's claim for attorney's fees and costs under the provisions of Section 57.111, Florida Statutes, the "Florida Equal Access to Justice Act," the Department has, by its response to the application, conceded that the underlying action was initiated by the Department, or its predecessor, that Dr. Frankl prevailed in the underlying case, and that the claim for attorney's fees and costs was timely filed. Accordingly, an award of reasonable attorney's fees and costs would be appropriate provided Dr. Frankl can establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he was a "small business party," as defined by Section 57.111(3)(d), Florida Statutes, and the Department fails to establish that its actions were substantially justified or special circumstances exist which would make an award unjust. Addressing first Dr. Frankl's status, the proof demonstrates that at the time the underlying proceeding was initiated, and at all other times material hereto, Dr. Frankl practiced chiropractic through a professional service corporation, as authorized by Chapter 621, Florida Statutes. The principal (sole) office of the corporation was located in Hollywood, Florida, and at the time the underlying action was initiated by the Department, the corporation had not more than 25 full-time employees or a net worth of not more than two million dollars. Dr. Frankl was, and continues to be, the sole owner of the corporation. Given the proof, for reasons more fully stated in the Conclusions of Law, Dr. Frankl was not a "small business party," as defined by law, when the underlying proceeding was initiated.5 As for the reasonableness of the attorney's fees and costs claimed, it is observed that, with regard to attorney's fees, Dr. Frankl offered no proof that any attorney time or fee was incurred in the underlying proceeding. Consequently, there is no record basis upon which to assess a reasonable fee. Standard Guarantee Insurance Co. v. Quanstrom, 555 So. 2d 828 (Fla. 1990); Florida Patient's Compensation Fund v. Rowe, 472 So. 2d 1145 (Fla. 1985); and Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Association v. Carreras, 633 So. 2d 1103 (Fla. 3d DCA 1994). With regard to costs, Dr. Frankl did offer testimony that, at the attorney's request, he provided his attorney in the underlying case with four copies of his office file at a cost of $118. There was, however, no showing as to why the documents were requested (their need), and, therefore, no showing that the costs were necessarily incurred. Fundamentally, copying costs are generally not recoverable, and there was no showing in the instant case that Dr. Frankl's claim met any recognized exception.6 Florida Rules of Court, Statewide Uniform Guidelines for Taxation of Costs in Civil Actions. Findings relating to the Department's claim for attorney's fees and costs under Section 57.105, Florida Statutes Pertinent to the Department's claim for attorney's fees and costs under Section 57.105, Florida Statutes, the Department claims that there was a complete absence of any justiciable issue of law or fact to support Dr. Frankl's claim or application for an award of attorney's fees and costs under Section 57.111, Florida Statutes, the "Florida Equal Access to Justice Act." The gravamen of the Department's position is its contention that, as evidenced by the letter (of December 19, 1997) from Dr. Frankl's counsel, he waived any claim for attorney's fees and costs when the Probable Cause Panel of the Board of Chiropractic closed their investigation (dismissed the case). In contrast, Dr. Frankl contends that there was never an agreement to waive costs. As for the waiver of attorney's fees, Dr. Frankl contended: . . . It is not clear whether the probable cause panel meeting at which the referenced case was reconsidered and closed was held on December 22, 1997. The minutes of the meeting reference both "December 22, 1997" and "Tuesday, December 23, 1997". The tape recording of the referenced reconsideration maintained by the Board of Chiropractic does not reference a date upon which the meeting was held. Dr. Frankl agrees that if the panel voted to close the case on December 22, 1997, he has agreed to waive attorney fees.7 (Emphasis in original.) Addressing first the issue of attorney's fees, the only proof of record reflects that, at the Probable Cause Panel meeting of December 22, 1997, the Panel voted no probable cause or, stated differently, to close the case. Consequently, by the terms of their agreement, Dr. Frankl waived any claim for attorney's fees. Moreover, whether the Panel had voted on December 23, 1997, as opposed to December 22, 1997, to close the case is immaterial or, stated differently, a distinction without a meaningful difference. Consequently, Dr. Frankl's claim for attorney's fees was lacking any justiciable issue of law or fact. While Dr. Frankl's claim lacked merit with regard to his claim for attorney's fees, the same cannot be said for his claim for costs. In this regard, it is observed that while the Department alleged the waiver was for attorney's fees and costs, the parties agreement (as evidenced by the letter of December 19, 1997) states otherwise, and the Department offered no proof that the parties intent was other than that evident from the express language of the parties' agreement. Given the foregoing, it must be concluded that the Department failed to demonstrate that Dr. Frankl's claim was entirely without merit. More importantly, for reasons appearing in the Conclusions of Law, the Department was not, as a matter of law, entitled to attorney's fees under the provisions of Section 57.105, Florida Statutes. Finally, like Dr. Frankl, the Department failed to present competent proof to demonstrate what attorney's fees, if any, were necessarily and reasonably incurred.8
