Findings Of Fact Florida Export Tobacco Co., Inc., Petitioner, operates, as a concessionaire, duty-free stores at Miami International Airport. The premises are owned by the Dade County Aviation Department and the stores are leased to Petitioner pursuant to the terms of a lease and concession agreement dated 19 July 1977, effective 1 August 1977 and continuing until 30 September 1987. (Exhibit 1 to Deposition) Pursuant to this agreement Petitioner occupies six stores and additional warehouse space at the Terminal Building and the International Satellite Facility. Article II in Exhibit 1 entitled Rental Charges and Payments provides for rental payments for each store and space occupied based upon a fixed fee of $X per square foot per year with the dollar per square foot cost varying with the space occupied. In addition to this minimal rental fee, Section 2.03 of this agreement provides: County Profit Participation: As additional consideration for the rights and privileges granted Concessionaire herein, Concessionaire shall pay the County a portion of its profits. As a convenience and in order to eliminate requirements for detailed auditing of expenditures, assets and liabilities and in order to provide an even flow of annual revenues for budgeting and bond financing purposes, said portion of the profits of the Concessionaire shall be calculated as the amount by which sixteen percent of the monthly gross revenues, as defined in Arti- cle 2.07, exceeds the sum of monthly rental payments required by Articles 2.01 and 2.04. Concessionaire shall pay such portion of its profits to County by the twentieth (20th) day of the month following the month in which the gross revenues were received or accrued. For the period October 1, 1982 through September 30, 1987, the percent of monthly gross revenues to be paid by Concessionaire as a portion of its profits shall be eighteen percent, payable and calculated in the same manner as above. The lessor provides air conditioning, garbage and sewage disposal facilities, security, and many other services to the lessee in addition to the space leased. From October 1976 through September 1977 Petitioner paid $40,499.66 in additional sales tax over the guaranteed minimum amount; for the year ending September 1978 this additional sales tax was $66,284.85; for the year year ending September 1979 this additional sales tax was $93,837.15; and for the year ending September 1980 this additional sales tax was $137,521.87. (Exhibit 2 to the Deposition) As the owner of the facility Dade County has the option of operating the various facilities and services available to the public or having these operated by a concessionaire. Dade County has opted for the manner it believed more profitable to the county and in the case of the duty free stores this has resulted in leasing the space to a concessionaire. The hotel at the airport is operated by the Aviation Department under a management contract. It is Petitioner's and Dade County's position that a sales tax should not be paid on the county profit participation charges because, if the Aviation Department operated the stores there would be no sales tax on any rental income and the County operates the facilities at the airport so as to maximize profits to the county. Therefore by requiring the concessionaire to pay sales tax, this reduces the profit available to share with the County.
The Issue The issue for determination is whether Respondent committed the offenses set forth in the Administrative Complaint for Revocation of Certificate of Registration issued on November 16, 2009, and, if so, what action should be taken.
Findings Of Fact There is no dispute that the Department is the state agency charged with the responsibility of regulating, controlling, and administering the revenue laws of the State of Florida, including the laws relating to the imposition and collection of the state's sales and use tax pursuant to chapter 212, Florida Statutes. There is no dispute that Abkey is a Florida corporation whose principal address is 7800 Southwest 104th Street, Miami, Florida 33156. Abkey is a restaurant. At the time of hearing, Abkey had 33 employees and was operating at a deficit. There is no dispute that, at all times material hereto, Abkey possessed Florida sales tax certificate of registration number 23-8012096448-9, issued by the Department on April 18, 1994. There is no dispute that Abkey is a dealer as defined in section 212.06(2), Florida Statutes, and has been a dealer at all times material hereto. For the month of June 2009, Abkey failed to file a sales tax return. As a result of this failure, the Department assessed Abkey an estimated sales tax due in the amount of $9,500.00. For 2005, Abkey failed to remit its self-reported sales tax liability to the Department for the months of July, September, October, November, and December. Abkey self-reported its tax liability, by filing sales tax returns, for the said months. For 2006, Abkey failed to remit its self-reported sales tax liability to the Department for the months of January and May. Abkey self-reported its tax liability, by filing sales tax returns, for the said months. Also, for 2006, Abkey failed to timely remit its sales tax liability for the month of October for which the Department assessed a penalty and an administrative/collection/processing fee. For 2007, Abkey failed to remit its self-reported sales tax liability to the Department for the months of February and August. Abkey self-reported its tax liability, by filing sales tax returns, for the said months. Also, for 2007, Abkey failed to timely remit its sales tax liability for the month of October, for which the Department assessed a penalty and an administrative/collection/processing fee. In total, for 2005, 2006, and 2007, Abkey self- reported sales tax due and failed to remit to the Department sales tax reportedly due in the amount of $122,355.36. As a result of Abkey's failure to file the sales tax return, to remit the $122,355.36 in sales tax, and to remit timely sales tax, the Department assessed Abkey, as of October 29, 2009, $16,287.59 in interest, $4,891.73 in penalties, and $13,845.10 in administrative/collection/ processing fees. Additionally, for the month of February 2007, Abkey issued to the Department a dishonored check (electronic funds transfer) on March 23, 2007, in the amount of $18,254.00. The Department assessed a $150.00 return check fee for the dishonored check. Shortly after being notified of the dishonored check by the Department, Abkey paid the $18,254.00. Abkey has a significant history of delinquency in remitting payments to the Department. The Department made several attempts, unsuccessfully, to collect the delinquent tax liabilities, including issuing Tax Warrants. In January 2007, the Department sought to revoke Abkey's Certificate of Registration for delinquent returns and outstanding liability and engaged in an informal conference with Abkey. As a result of the informal conference, Abkey and the Department entered into a Compliance Agreement executed on February 15, 2010. The Compliance Agreement required Abkey, among other things, to remit all past due payments; for 12 months (January through December 2007), to timely file tax returns and to timely remit all sales tax due; and to make a down payment of $45,000.00 (in three monthly installments but no later than April 1, 2007), 11 monthly payments of $5,000.00 (beginning May 1, 2007), and a balloon payment of $141,982.43 on April 1, 2008. Further, regarding the balloon payment of $141,982.43, the Compliance Agreement provided that the balloon payment might be negotiated for another 12 months. However, in order for Abkey to take advantage of this provision, Abkey was required to be compliant with the terms of the Compliance Agreement and its account was required to be in good standing with the Department. In accordance with the Compliance Agreement, Abkey paid the down payment of $45,000.00 (in three monthly installments) and the 11 payments of $5,000.00 although the 11 payments were late. Additionally, for the period of January through December 2007, Abkey was late filing tax returns and remitting sales tax. Abkey requested a renewal of the Compliance Agreement. Despite the late payments, the Department approved the renewal of the Compliance Agreement. A Compliance Agreement Renewal was executed on May 1, 2008. It required Abkey, among other things, to remit all past due payments and to timely file tax returns and timely remit all sales tax due for the next 12 months (May 1, 2008 through April 30, 2009); and to make 11 monthly payments of $5,000.00 (beginning May 1, 2008), and a balloon payment of $120,749.14 on April 1, 2009. Furthermore, regarding the balloon payment of $120,749.14, the Compliance Agreement Renewal provided that the balloon payment might be negotiated for another 12 months. However, in order for Abkey to take advantage of this provision, Abkey was required to be compliant with the terms of the Compliance Agreement Renewal and its account was required to be in good standing with the Department. Under the Compliance Agreement Renewal, Abkey made four payments of $5,000.00 but the payments were late. Abkey requested a reduction in the amount of the monthly payments from $5,000.00 to $2,000.00. The Department granted Abkey's request. Abkey made 12 payments of $2,000.00 but the payments were late. Additionally, for the period of May 1, 2008 through April 30, 2009, Abkey was late filing tax returns and remitting sales tax. Further, Abkey failed to make the balloon payment of $120,749.14 that was due on April 1, 2009. Abkey did not request a renegotiation of the balloon payment. At that time, Abkey did not request another Compliance Agreement. As of September 28, 2010, Abkey owed the Department $122,355.36 in actual sales tax (per Abkey's sales tax returns), $9,500.00 in estimated tax, $4,419.73 in penalty2, $14,572.80 in administrative/collection/processing fees3, $25,032.28 in interest, and $20.00 in warrant fees; totaling $175,900.17. The Department seeks to revoke Abkey's Certificate of Registration.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that the Department of Revenue enter a final order revoking the Certificate of Registration issued to and held by Abkey No. 1 Limited. DONE AND ENTERED this 18th day of February, 2011, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. S ERROL H. POWELL Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 18th day of February, 2011.
Findings Of Fact On August 27, 1976, the Respondent, State of Florida Department of Revenue, notified the Petitioner of its intention to assess sales tax, penalties and interest against the Respondent for business transactions in the period August 1, 1973 through July 31, 1976. This Notice of Proposed Assessment was revised on May 27, 1977, and the Petitioner was notified of that revision. By his letter of June 19, 1977, the Petitioner has challenged the assessment, as revised. Upon receipt of the June 19, 1977 petition, the Respondent moved for a more definite statement and the Petitioner was afforded fifteen (15) days from the date of the Order within which time to amend his petition. Petitioner took advantage of that opportunity to amend and by an undated document did make such an amendment. The Respondent subsequently moved to strike certain portions of the amended petition and filed its answer to the petition. A pre-hearing conference was held to consider the Motion To Strike and after that pre-hearing conference was concluded an Order was issued which struck certain portions of the amended Petition and allowed copies of the proposed notices of assessments of August 27, 1976 and the revision of May 27, 1977 to be made a part of the complaint/petition as Exhibits 1 and 2, respectively. After the pre-hearing Order had been issued by the undersigned, the case was noticed for hearing for December 5, 1977. At the December 5, 1977 hearing date a Second Revised Notice of Proposed Assessment of Tax, Penalties and Interest Under Chapter 212, Florida Statutes was tendered. This revision dated from December 5, 1977, was allowed to be introduced as the final position of the Respondent on the question of the assessment. It was also allowed to be attached as Exhibit 3 to the amended petition. (Under cover of a separate correspondence the original petition, amended petition, exhibits to the amended petition, an Order which was entered after consideration of the Motion To Strike, are being submitted as a part of the record herein). In the ordinary course of his duties a tax examiner employed by the Respondent went to the business premises of the Petitioner to perform an audit to determine whether or not the Petitioner was collecting and remitting sales tax for the category of sales which the Petitioner was making, that required the payment of sales tax. These requirements spoken of are those set forth in Chapter 212, F.S. Mr. DeCico, the tax examiner, allowed Mr. Farhud to pick three (3) months in the year 1976 as being the period to be audited. DeCico then returned to Farhud's place of business and showed him the details of the three (3) month audit. Farhud was dissatisfied wish this audit and indicated that he preferred to have the audit sample expended for a full three (3) years. DeCico replied that he would be willing to expand the audit period. but cautioned Farhud that expansion of the audit period might promote an increased liability. Nonetheless, at Farhud's request, the audit period was expanded to one for thirty-six (36) months. The new audit period dated from August 1, 1973, through July 1, 1976. The work papers on that audit may be found as Respondent's Exhibit No. 1 admitted into evidence. This audit which is depicted in the Respondent's Exhibit No. 1, left out invoices pertaining to stamps, electric bills, wrapping paper, grocery bags, etc., since they were not retail items for sale. The audit was rendered on August 27, 1976. Before the Notice of Assessment was filed, Farhud had expressed his displeasure with the outcome of the second audit process because he felt that certain amounts depicted in the gross sales were not accurate; to wit, the inclusion of certain so-called "service fees", namely income tax preparation, notary fees, etc. DeCico tried to get a reasonable statement of the amounts of the categories which Farhud desired to have excluded. Farhud did not have records of the matters and was unable to provide an estimate as to the amount of income which had been derived from the aforementioned "service fees". The August 27, 1976, proposed assessment was computed on the basis of the proposition that the gross sales are equivalent to actual sales and are subject to sales tax in the taxable categories. As indicated before, this audit did not take into consideration any "service fees", nor did it grant any allowance for pilferage. No allowance was made for the latter category, because Farhud had not provided any estimate and/or police records to indicate the amount which would be lost to pilferage, and cause a reduction of the sales tax liability. Farhud formally challenged the audit of August 27, 1976, by his correspondence of September 8, 1976 in which he rejects the amount claimed and asks for a hearing. A copy of this correspondence may be found as Respondent's Exhibit No. 2 admitted into evidence. An informal conference was held between the parties on October 12, 1976 to see if a resolution of the dispute could be achieved. Mr. Farhud was represented at the informal conference by Michael J. Burman, Esquire, an attorney in Jacksonville, Florida. By a letter of October 14, 1976, Farhud's attorney requested the Respondent to utilize the figures for the three (3) month audit period, as opposed to the thirty-six (36) month period. The letter concluded by stating that Mr. Burman was unaware of any intention Mr. Farhud had to appeal the assessment of August 27, 1976. This letter was followed by a series of letters in which the various parties were indicating the desire to determine whether or not Mr. Farhud intended to accept the August 27, 1976 assessment or to appeal it. In the course of his correspondence Mr. Farhud continued to insist that he did not accept the amount of assessment as accurate. Mr. Farhud failed to indicate to Mr. Burman whether he was going to appeal the assessment or not and Mr. Burman withdrew as his attorney, as shown in the January 31, 1977 correspondence addressed to one of the employees of the Respondent. This correspondence is Respondent's Exhibit No. 7 admitted into evidence. On February 2, 1977, the audit supervisor in the Jacksonville district of the Respondent wrote Mr. Farhud indicating the intention of the Respondent to collect the taxes pursuant to the August 27, 1976 audit. A copy of this correspondence is Respondent's Exhibit No. 8 admitted into evidence. It should be indicated at this point, that the Respondent's representative had continued to request documentation from Farhud on the items requested for exemption which have been referred to as "service fee". The subject of pilferage had also been discussed at the October 12, 1976 informal conference and a request made for some form of records of police reports which would verify pilferage allowances. No documentation had been provided at the time the February 2, 1977 letter was written to Farhud. Subsequent to the February 2, 1977 letter another informal conference was held on April 4, 1977. As a result of that conference it was determined that certain items would be deleted from the audit assessment of August 27, 1976. This is evidenced in Respondents Exhibit No. 9 which is a copy of a letter dated May 27, 1977, from the audit supervisor, Mr. McCrone, to Mr. Farhud. At the April 4, 1977, discussion the subject of pilferage allowance as brought up in the deletion of 4 percent of the purchase price of taxable goods, as to soft drinks, paper and said products, pet foods and miscellaneous sundries were allowed. No allowance was given for beer, wine and tobacco products because these were felt to be out of reach of prospective pilferers. Again, this deletion is found in the Respondent's Exhibit No. 9. The 4 percent figure was arrived at as an industry estimate. Farhud still was not satisfied after the April 4, 1977, conference had been held and adjustments to the assessment had been mode. In view of this dissatisfaction, the Respondent elected to make a new type of audit, which was performed and was premised upon an analysis of the taxable purchases by the Petitioner for the three (3) year period. These purchases were divided into taxable categories and these categories were then marked up in price using an industry average to arrive at the actual taxable sales. The industry average was based upon an examination of the United Food Stores, Inc.'s sales catalog, which had suggested retail prices for low volume and high volume stores. The Respondent gave the Petitioner the benefit of the range of high volume stores, although the Petitioner's store was a neighborhood convenience store and therefore a low volume operation. The effect of allowing the average retail price for the high volume stores was that it made the differential between his purchase price and the retail price less than that for a low volume neighborhood store, causing lesser tax liability. As stated before, this alternative method was elected for the reason that the Respondent had objected that the gross sales figures reported in the monthly tax returns were incorrect, due to the fact that the Petitioner was unable to document his claim for entitlement to certain exemptions due to pilferage and "service fees", and due to the belief that the more correct approach to the audit was the second method. The work sheet on the alternative method may be found on Respondent's Exhibit No. 10 admitted into evidence. The utilization of this method led to the revised assessment of May 27, 1977, which is the subject of the appeal by petition, and amended petition of the Petitioner. This revision was superceded by the second revision of December 5, 1977, which was allowed to be entered without objection from the Petitioner. The second revision reduces the amount of tax liability claimed by the Respondent. An analysis of the documents offered in this cause and the testimony, leads to the conclusion that the Petitioner/taxpayer owed sales tax during the audit period August 1, 1973 through July 31, 1976. Furthermore, the more correct form of audit procedure under the circumstances, was the alternate method employed in arriving at the May 27, 1977 revised Notice of Assessment as further revised by the December 5, 1977 Second Revised Notice of Proposed Assessment. This conclusion is grounded on the requirements of Section 212.05(1), F.S., which requires persons in the Petitioner's category for the exercise of the privilege of doing business, to assist in levying a tax in the amount of 4 percent in the categories covered. Furthermore, Sections 212.06(3) and 212.07(2), F.S., places the duty on the Petitioner to collect this 4 percent sales tax. The Petitioner failed to act in accordance with the provision of Chapter 212, F.S. and the Second Revised Notice of Proposed Assessment is correct and in keeping with the authority of Section 212.12(6), F.S.
Recommendation Therefore, it is hereby RECOMMENDED: That the Second Revised Notice of Proposed Assessment of Tax, Penalties and Interest found as Exhibit 3 to the amended petition which total is $2,238.92 be allowed with such adjustments as may be necessary for a computation of interest prior to the rendition of a final order. DONE and ORDERED this 3rd day of January, 1978, in Tallahassee, Florida. CHARLES C. ADAMS Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings Room 530, Carlton Building Tallahassee, Florida 32304 (904) 488-9675 COPIES FURNISHED: Nathan Weil, Esquire 203 Washington Street Jacksonville, Florida 32202 Patricia Turner, Esquire Assistant Attorney General Department of Legal Affairs The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32304 John D. Moriarty, Esquire Attorney, Division of Administration Department of Revenue Carlton Building Tallahassee, Florida 32304
The Issue Whether the Petitioner owes unpaid sales and use tax for the period extending from May 1, 1986, through April 30, 1991, and, if so, the amount owed.
Findings Of Fact Based on the oral and documentary evidence presented at the final hearing and on the entire record of this proceeding, the following findings of fact are made: Jay P. Weiss is a Florida-licensed motor vehicle dealer, and he has been licensed in Florida for 27 years. Mr. Weiss does business as Jay P. Weiss, Inc. ("Weiss"), and Weiss is, and was during the times material to this proceeding, in the business of selling cars for resale. Weiss purchases motor vehicles at auction, from banks, from leasing companies, or from other dealers; reconditions the vehicles; and sells the majority of the vehicles to other dealers for resale. During the times material to this proceeding, Weiss purchased an average of 400 to 500 vehicles each year. During the times material to this proceeding, the locations from which Weiss conducted business consisted of an office and an adjacent shop in which vehicles were reconditioned. The locations did not include a showroom or a retail car lot, and Weiss did not advertise that vehicles were offered for retail sale on the premises. Nonetheless, people often walked into the office and inquired if Weiss sold cars at retail. Occasionally, Weiss sold cars to customers at retail. Motor vehicle purchases and sales were recorded on "title jackets," which contained information regarding each vehicle purchased and sold by Weiss, including the identification of the vehicle; the date of purchase, the purchase price and the identity of the person from whom the vehicle was purchased; the date of sale, the sales price, and the identity of the person to whom the vehicle was sold; and relevant title information. Duplicate information for each vehicle was included in "police books" maintained at Weiss's offices. Mr. Weiss was in Weiss's office about nine hours per week, including weekends. Throughout the week, he traveled to various auctions throughout the state, although he routinely called his office several times each day. In addition to Mr. Weiss and the employees who worked in the shop, Weiss employed a bookkeeper that was responsible for managing the office and handling all of the accounts and records for the business, including preparation of the Florida Sales and Use Tax Return Form DR-15. The bookkeeper also provided information to Weiss's accountants from which Weiss's U.S. Income Tax Return for an S Corporation, Form 1120S, was prepared. During the times material to this proceeding, three successive bookkeepers were employed by Weiss, two of whom were employed approximately three years each. Section 212.12(5)(a), Florida Statutes (1993), grants to the Department of Revenue the authority to audit the books and records of any dealer subject to Chapter 212, Florida Statutes, Tax on Sales, Use, and Other Transactions, to determine if the dealer overpaid or underpaid Florida sales and use taxes. Pursuant to this authority, the Department conducted an audit of the books and records of Weiss, for the period extending from May 1, 1986, through April 30, 1991. The Department initially concluded that Weiss owed $115.442.57 additional tax due on sales for the audit period and $10,706.94 additional tax due on purchases for the audit period, plus delinquent penalties and interest through December 6, 1991. Weiss provided additional documentation, and these amounts were revised downward in a Notice of Intent to Make Sales & Use Tax Changes dated January 13, 1993, to reflect $79,065.07 additional tax due on sales for the audit period and $10,706.94 additional tax due on purchases for the audit period, plus delinquent penalties and interest through January 13, 1993. The schedules and work papers from which the revised assessments were derived were attached to the January 13, 1993, notice. In conducting the audit of Weiss's books and records, the Department's auditor examined books and records made available to her at Weiss's business location and at the office of Weiss's accountant on August 1, 7, and 28, 1991; September 6, 1991; January 29 and 30, 1992; and February 5, 1992. Mr. Weiss never met the Department's auditor, although he did talk with her on the telephone. He has no personal knowledge of the records requested by the auditor or whether all of the requested records were provided. According to the affidavit of the accountant who prepared Weiss's federal tax returns for 1988, 1989, and 1990, which was introduced into evidence by Weiss, the accountant became aware of inaccuracies in the bookkeeping by Weiss "because of the audit by the Florida DOR and due to the fact that all details of bookkeeping records were either lost or misplaced it was recommended to Jay P. Weiss that an outside bookkeeper be hired to recreate the books and records." Weiss followed its accountant's advice, and the Department's auditor examined, and accepted as accurate, documents entitled "Sales Reconciliation" for 1988, 1989, and 1990, which were prepared by the outside accountant hired by Weiss. These documents itemized for each month of these years the corrected income received by Weiss from taxable sales, rents, and exempt sales; corrected taxable amounts; corrected sales tax; the original amount of tax paid; and the sales tax owed or overpaid. The Department's auditor concluded that additional sales tax was due in the amount of $4,281,57, attributable to unreported rental income collected by Weiss on commercial property it owned, as reflected in Schedule A-1 of the audit papers. The auditor calculated the additional taxable amount of rental income for the years 1988 and 1989 for which no tax had been paid based on the information provided by Weiss in the sales reconciliations and identified the actual rental income for 1990 based on Weiss's records. The auditor totaled the amount of additional rental income for these three years, divided the total by 36, the number of months in the sample period, and projected this average monthly amount of additional taxable rental income for each month of the 5-year audit period. The appropriate tax rate was applied to calculate the additional sales tax owed for each month, and these amounts were totaled for the 5-year audit period. 1/ The Department's auditor concluded that additional sales tax was due on retail sales of automobiles in the amount of $20,538.31, as reflected in Schedule A-3 of the audit papers. This amount was based on a comparison of the information provided by Weiss in the Florida Sales and Use Tax Returns, Form DR-15's, that it filed with the Department for 1988 and 1989 with the corrected taxable sales included by Weiss's accountant in the sales reconciliations prepared for 1988 and 1989. The auditor first totaled the taxable sales reported on the Form DR-15's for 1988 and 1989, which was $81,736.00, and the revised taxable sales included in the sales reconciliations for 1988 and 1989, which was $131,063.00, and then calculated a weighted error ratio of approximately 1.603492, meaning that Weiss's actual taxable sales were approximately 60 percent higher than reported in the Form DR-15's submitted by Weiss to the Department. The auditor then projected the total additional taxable sales by multiplying the taxable sales reported on the Form DR-15s by .603492 to arrive at the additional taxable sales for each month of the audit period. The appropriate tax rate was applied to calculate the additional sales tax attributable to additional taxable motor vehicle sales for each month, and these amounts were totaled for the 5-year audit period. The Department's auditor concluded that additional sales tax was due on undocumented sales in the amount of $54,245.19, as reflected in Schedule A-2 of the audit papers. In reaching this conclusion, the auditor reviewed the U.S. Income Tax Returns for an S Corporation, Form 1120S's, filed by Weiss with the Internal Revenue Service for 1988, 1989, and 1990, and the Florida Sales and Use Tax Returns, Form DR-15's, filed with the Department for the same period of time. The Department routinely compares the gross sales reported on the federal income tax returns with the total sales reported to the Department on Form DR-15's to determine if there is a difference between the amounts reported. The Department considers the gross sales reported on federal income tax returns to be more reliable than the total sales reported to the Department because it is assumed that taxpayers will not over-report sales to the federal government. If the gross sales reported on the federal income tax returns are greater than the total sales reported to the Department on the Form DR-15's for the applicable period, the Department asks for documentation from the taxpayer to account for the difference. If the taxpayer is unable to provide such documentation, the Department presumes that the difference is attributable to taxable sales. In concluding that Weiss owed additional tax on undocumented sales, the auditor compared the gross sales reported by Weiss in the U.S. Income Tax Returns for an S Corporation, Form 1120S's, filed with the Internal Revenue Service for 1988, 1989, and 1990 with the revised total sales reportable on the Florida Sales and Use Tax Returns, Form DR- 15's, filed with the Department for the same years. The auditor broke down Weiss's revised total sales into revised taxable sales based on Schedule A-3 of the audit papers, revised rental income based on Schedule A-1 of the audit papers, and revised exempt sales identified in the sales reconciliations for 1988, 1989, and 1990. 2/ The total gross sales Weiss reported on the Form 1120S's for 1988, 1989, and 1990 were higher than the revised total sales reported by Weiss on the Form DR-15's for the same years. The auditor calculated the monthly difference between the gross sales and the revised total sales for 1988, 1989, and 1990, 3 and, because no documentation was provided to establish that the difference was attributable to exempt sales, the difference was attributed to taxable sales. The average monthly difference was calculated, and this amount was projected for each month of the audit period. The appropriate tax rate was applied to calculate additional sales tax owed for each month, and these amounts were totaled to determine the additional sales tax due for the 5-year audit period. Because inaccuracies in the gross sales included in the Form 1120S's filed with the Internal Revenue Service for 1988, 1989, and 1990 were discovered by Weiss's accountant as a result of the recreation of Weiss's books by the outside accountant, Weiss's accountants prepared amended Form 1120S's for those years. The amended forms were sent to Weiss for execution and filing. Mr. Weiss cannot recall whether the amended returns were filed, and the Internal Revenue Service has no record that these amended returns were filed. For this reason and because Weiss did not provide any documentation to support the revised gross sales included in the amended returns, the Department refused to consider the gross sales reported in the amended Form 1120S's. The Department's auditor concluded that additional tax in the amount of $1,334.07 was due from Weiss with respect to purchases of consumable supplies, that is, supplies that did not become a component part of a motor vehicle. This conclusion was based on the auditor's review of invoices provided by Weiss for 1990 and the auditor's determinations that, of the $6,903.86 total derived from the invoices, $4,722.07 was taxable and that Weiss had paid no tax on the purchases. The average monthly taxable amount was calculated, the appropriate tax rate was applied to determine the additional tax owed for each month, and these amounts were totaled for the 5-year audit period. The Department's auditor concluded that, based on records provided by Weiss, additional tax was owed on fixed assets in the amount of $86.34. The Department's auditor concluded that additional tax was due in the amount of $9,286.53 on amounts paid by Weiss for commercial rentals and on amounts paid by Weiss in the form of mortgage payments on property it occupied that was owned by Jay P. Weiss, individually, who was also individually obligated under the note and mortgage on the property. This determination that additional tax was due was based on documentation Weiss provided to the auditor. After the January 13, 1993, Notice of Intent to Make Sales & Use Tax Audit Changes was issued, Weiss provided additional documentation to the Department. As a result of the new information, the amount of additional tax due was revised downward in a Notice of Intent to Make Sales & Use Tax Audit Changes dated March 22, 1995, which identified $75,998.46 additional tax due on sales for the audit period and $8,382.94 additional tax due on purchases for the audit period, for a total amount due of $166,800.43, including delinquent penalties and interest accrued as of March 22, 1995. This total amount was the final sustained amount identified in the Notice of Reconsideration dated May 10, 1995, which is the subject matter of this proceeding, and the notice includes a discussion of the basis for the revisions made to the January 13, 1993, assessment. After this case was referred to the Division of Administrative Hearings, a representative of the Department met with Weiss's accountant. The Department's representative requested that Weiss provide any additional documentation that would explain the difference between the gross sales reported on the Form 1120S's and the revised total sales reportable on the Form DR-15's or that would support any further change in the sales and use tax assessment. No further documentation was provided. The evidence presented by the Department establishes that a sales and use tax audit assessment was made against Weiss, for the audit period extending from May 1, 1986, through April 30, 1991, and establishes the factual basis for that assessment. The methodology used by the Department's auditor to calculate the assessment was proper under the circumstances, and the Department's assessment for sales and use tax for the audit period, as revised in the May 10, 1995, Notice of Reconsideration, is reasonable. Weiss did not present any persuasive evidence to the contrary.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that the Department of Revenue enter a final order upholding its assessment against Jay P. Weiss, Inc., in full, including all taxes, penalties, and interest statutorily due until the date of payment of the sales and use tax. DONE AND ENTERED this 2nd day of June, 2000, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. PATRICIA HART MALONO Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 2nd day of June, 2000.
The Issue The issue in this case is whether Petitioner is liable for certain taxes and, if so, how much.
Findings Of Fact Petitioner is a Florida corporation with its principal place of business in Manatee County, Florida. Petitioner is in the printing business. Specifically, Petitioner produces, manufactures, assembles, and publishes telephone directories for mobile home parks in Florida. All of Petitioner's work in connection with these directories takes place in Florida. The directories list the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of residents of the mobile home park for which the directory is prepared. The directories also contain advertisements, which Petitioner solicits from merchants seeking to sell goods or services to the mobile home park residents. Following the production of the directories, Petitioner distributes them to the mobile home park residents, who maintain possession of the directories. However, Petitioner retains ownership of each directory, even after it is distributed. Petitioner is solely responsible for the manufacture and distribution of the directories. Petitioner owns accounts receivable reflecting monies owned it by entities for which Petitioner has performed work. Petitioner owns treasury stock. Following an audit, Respondent issued its Intent to Make Sales and Use Tax Audit Changes. The proposed changes assessed additional sales and use taxes of $44,151.77, intangible tax of $1297.08, and $194,75 of health care tax. The bases of proposed liability for the sales and use tax were for the publication and distribution of directories for which no sales or use tax had been collected and for the sale of advertising during the period of the service tax from July 1, 1986, through December 31, 1986, for which no sales tax on advertising had been collected. The basis of proposed liability for the intangible tax was for the failure to pay intangible tax on accounts receivable and treasury stock. The basis of proposed liability for the health care tax was for the failure to pay the Hillsborough County Health Care Tax and Discretionary Sales Surtax. On February 11, 1991, Petitioner protested the proposed assessments. On April 24, 1992, Respondent issued its Notice of Decision sustaining the proposed sales and use tax and intangible tax, but eliminating the proposed health care tax. On May 12, 1992, Petitioner filed a Petition for Reconsideration concerning the proposed sales and use tax. On November 24, 1992, Respondent issued its Notice of Reconsideration sustaining the proposed sales and use tax. On January 21, 1993, Petitioner timely filed its petition for a formal administration hearing. Subject to the accuracy of its legal position, Respondent's assessment is factually accurate. Petitioner will pay the assessed amount of sales and use tax, plus interest, if its position is not sustained following the conclusion of this proceeding, including judicial review.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing, it is hereby RECOMMENDED that a final order be entered determining that, for each assessed period, Petitioner is liable for the assessed corporate intangible tax plus interest, the use tax on the cost price of the materials and other covered items plus interest, the sales tax on services on the advertising revenues, but not for any sales tax apart from the period covered by the sales tax on services. ENTERED on January 25, 1994, in Tallahassee, Florida. ROBERT E. MEALE Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, FL 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings on January 25, 1994. COPIES FURNISHED: David M. Carr David Michael Carr, P.A. 600 East Madison Street Tampa, Florida 33602 Eric J. Taylor Assistant Attorney General Office of the Attorney General The Capitol, Tax Section Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1050 Larry Fuchs, Executive Director Department of Revenue 104 Carlton Building Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0100 Linda Lettera, General Counsel Department of Revenue 204 Carlton Building Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0100
Findings Of Fact Petitioner, Omni International of Miami, Limited (Omni), is the owner of a large complex located at 1601 Biscayne Boulevard, Miami, Florida. The complex is commonly known as the Omni complex, and contains a shopping mall, hotel and parking garage. On July 30, 1981, Petitioner filed two applications for refund with Respondent, Department of Banking and Finance, seeking a refund of $57,866.20 and $4,466.48 for sales tax previously paid to the Department of Revenue on sales of electricity and gas consumed by its commercial tenants from April, 1978 through March, 1981. On November 22, 1982, Respondent denied the applications. The denial prompted the instant proceeding. The shopping mall portion of the Omni complex houses more than one hundred fifty commercial tenants, each of whom has entered into a lease arrangement with Omni. The utility companies do not provide individual electric and gas meters to each commercial tenant but instead furnish the utilities through a single master meter. Because of this, it is necessary that electricity and gas charges be reallocated to each tenant on a monthly basis. Therefore, Omni receives a single monthly electric and gas bill reflecting total consumption for the entire complex, and charges each tenant its estimated monthly consumption plus a sales tax on that amount. The utility charge is separately itemized on the tenant's bill and includes a provision for sales tax. Petitioner has paid all required sales taxes on such consumption. The estimated consumption is derived after reviewing the number of electric outlets, hours of operations, square footage, and number and type of appliances and lights that are used within the rented space. This consumption is then applied to billing schedules prepared by the utility companies which give the monthly charge. The estimates are revised every six months based upon further inspections of the tenant's premises, and any changes such as the adding or decreasing of appliances and lights, or different hours of operations. The lease agreement executed by Omni and its tenants provides that if Omni opts to furnish utilities through a master meter arrangement, as it has done in the past, the tenant agrees to "pay additional rent therefor when bills are rendered." This term was included in the lease to give Omni the right to invoke the rent default provision of the lease in the event a tenant failed to make payment. It is not construed as additional rent or consideration for the privilege of occupying the premises. Omni makes no profit on the sale of electricity and gas. Rather, it is simply being reimbursed by the tenants for their actual utility consumption. If the applications are denied, Petitioner will have paid a sales tax on the utility consumption twice -- once when the monthly utility bills were paid, and a second time for "additional rent" for occupancy of the premises.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing findings of fact and conclusions of law, it is RECOMMENDED that Petitioner's applications for refund, with interest, be approved. DONE and RECOMMENDED this 15th day of April, 1983, in Tallahassee, Florida. DONALD R. ALEXANDER Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The Oakland Building 2009 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32301 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 15th day of April, 1983.
The Issue The issue is whether Petitioner is a common carrier for the purpose of prorating taxes under Section 212.08(9)(b), Florida Statutes, and Rule 12A-1.064(4)(a), Florida Administrative Code.
Findings Of Fact Petitioner owns Jumbo Interstate Trucking. Petitioner's principal place of business is located in Palm Coast, Florida. The Federal Highway Administration issued Permit No. MC326745 to Petitioner to operate as a contract carrier with a service date of October 17, 1997. Petitioner's federal permit authorizes him to engage in the transportation of property (except household goods) by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign commerce. Common carriers transport cargo according to a rate schedule that applies to anyone in the general public. Contract carriers haul cargo according to market rates and pursuant to an arm's length contract that sets the mileage and freight rates with individual customers. At all times material to this case, Petitioner hauled goods in interstate commerce outside the State of Florida as a common carrier. He does not haul goods as a common carrier pursuant to a predetermined rate schedule or published tariffs. According to Petitioner, he negotiates his contracts as he goes along. Petitioner has never operated or filed an application to operate his business other than as a contract carrier. Additionally, his motor vehicles are not insured as common carriers.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED: That Respondent issue a final order denying Petitioner's request for a refund. DONE AND ENTERED this 10th day of June, 2002, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. SUZANNE F. HOOD Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (850) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (850) 921-6847 www.doah.state.fl.us Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 10th day of June, 2002. COPIES FURNISHED: Raymond Gunter Jumbo Interstate Trucking 45 Moody Drive Palm Coast, Florida 32137 R. Lynn Lovejoy, Esquire Office of the Attorney General The Capitol, Tax Section Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1050 Bruce Hoffmann, General Counsel Department of Revenue 204 Carlton Building Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0100 James Zingale, Executive Director Department of Revenue 104 Carlton Building Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0100
Findings Of Fact Based upon all of the evidence, the following findings of fact are determined: Background Petitioner, Gainesville Amateur Radio Society, Inc. (GARS or petitioner), a Florida non-profit corporation, was incorporated on December 31, 1975. Its stated purpose is to promote an interest in amateur radio operation. Among other things, GARS provides preparation for Federal Communication Commission licensing examinations, supports community activities with free communication services, and encourages public awareness of ham radio activities through the publication of a monthly newsletter called the GARS-MOUTH. Respondent, Department of Revenue (DOR), is charged with the responsibility of administering and implementing the Florida Revenue Act of 1949, as amended. It has the specific task of collecting sales taxes and enforcing the state tax code and rules. By law, certain transactions are exempt from the state sales and use tax. Among these are sales or lease transactions involving "scientific organizations." In order for an organization to be entitled to an exemption, it must make application with DOR for a consumer's certificate of exemption and demonstrate that it is a qualified scientific organization within the meaning of the law. Once the application is approved, the certificate entitles the holder to make tax exempt purchases that are otherwise taxable under Chapter 212, Florida Statutes. In the case of petitioner, a certificate would enable it to save a hundred or so dollars per year. Claiming that it was entitled to a certificate of exemption as a charitable organization, GARS filed an application with DOR on December 21, 1993. After having the application preliminarily disapproved by DOR on the ground it did not expend "in excess of 50.0 percent of the . . . organization's expenditures toward referenced charitable concerns, within (its) most recent fiscal year," a requirement imposed by DOR rule, GARS then amended its application to claim entitlement on the theory that it was a scientific organization. Although DOR never formally reviewed the amended application, it takes the position that GARS still does not qualify for a certificate under this new theory. Is GARS a Scientific Organization? Under Section 212.08(7)(o)2.c., Florida Statutes, a scientific organization is defined in relevant part as an organization which holds a current exemption from the federal income tax under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. A DOR rule tracks this statute almost verbatim. Accordingly, as a matter of practice, in interpreting this statutory exemption, DOR simply defers to the final determination of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). If the IRS grants an organization a 501(c)(3) status based on the determination that it is a scientific organization, then DOR accepts this determination at face value. DOR does not make an independent determination whether the organization is "scientific" or question the decision of the IRS. This statutory interpretation is a reasonable one and was not shown to be erroneous or impermissible. GARS received a federal income tax exemption from the IRS regional office in Atlanta, Georgia by letter dated August 12, 1993. The record shows that GARS was granted an "exempt organization" status as a "charitable organization" and as an "educational organization" under Treasury Regulation Section 1.501(c)(3). However, GARS did not receive an exempt status as a "scientific organization" nor did the IRS make that determination. Therefore, GARS does not qualify as a scientific organization within the meaning of the law. While petitioner submitted evidence to show that it engages in what it considers to be a number of scientific endeavors, these activities, while laudable, are irrelevant under Florida law in making a determination as to whether GARS qualifies for a sales tax exemption as a scientific organization. Therefore, the application must be denied.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing findings of fact and conclusions of law, it is RECOMMENDED that respondent enter a final order denying petitioner's application for a consumer certificate of exemption. DONE AND ENTERED this 23rd day of June, 1995, in Tallahassee, Florida. DONALD R. ALEXANDER Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 23rd day of June, 1995. APPENDIX TO RECOMMENDED ORDER, CASE NO. 94-1200 Petitioner: 1-2. Partially accepted in finding of fact 4. 3. Partially accepted in finding of fact 6. 4. Partially accepted in finding of fact 1. 5. Rejected as being irrelevant. 6. Rejected as being unnecessary. 7. Partially accepted in finding of fact 5. 8-9. Partially accepted in finding of fact 7. 10. Partially accepted in finding of fact 5. 11. Partially accepted in finding of fact 7. 12. Partially accepted in finding of fact 6. 13. Rejected as being unnecessary. 14. Partially accepted in finding of fact 6. Respondent: 1. Partially accepted in finding of fact 1. 2. Partially accepted in finding of fact 2. 3. Rejected as being unnecessary. 4. Rejected as being cumulative. 5-12. Partially accepted in finding of fact 7. 13-14. Partially accepted in finding of fact 4. 15. Partially accepted in finding of fact 3. 16. Covered in preliminary statement. 17. Partially accepted in finding of fact 4. 18-19. Partially accepted in finding of fact 6. 20-21. Rejected as being unnecessary. 22. Partially accepted in finding of fact 5. 23-24. Partially accepted in finding of fact 6. Note - Where a proposed finding has been partially accepted, the remainder has been rejected as being irrelevant, unnecessary for a resolution of the issues, not supported by the evidence, cumulative, subordinate, or a conclusion of law. COPIES FURNISHED: Mr. Larry Fuchs Executive Director Department of Revenue 104 Carlton Building Tallahassee, FL 32399-0100 Linda Lettera, Esquire General Counsel Department of Revenue 204 Carlton Building Tallahassee, FL 32399-0100 Sidney Schmukler, Esquire 3922 N. W. 20th Lane Gainesville, Florida 32605-3565 Olivia P. Klein, Esquire Department of Legal Affairs The Capitol-Tax Section Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1050
Findings Of Fact High-Tech Yacht & Ship, Inc. (Petitioner) is a Florida corporation engaged in the business of retail sales of marine vessels. Also, Petitioner is a registered retail dealer in the State of Florida. The President of Petitioner is its only corporate officer. On or about September 2, 1993, Petitioner, in the capacity of a broker, sold a motor yacht at retail to Regency Group, Inc. (purchaser), through its representative, for $78,000. The motor yacht is described as a 1988, 41' Amerosport Chris Craft, hull Number CCHEU075E788, and called the "Motivator". At the closing of the sale, on or about September 2, 1993, the purchaser refused to pay the sales tax on the purchase, which was $4,680. However, the purchaser agreed to pay the sales tax after being informed by Petitioner that, without the payment of the sales tax, there could be no closing. The purchaser's representative submitted, at closing, a personal check in the amount of $4,680 for the sales tax. All of the necessary documents were completed for ownership and registration to be transferred to the purchaser. Subsequently, Petitioner received notice from its bank that the check for the sales tax had been dishonored by the purchaser's bank. The purchaser's representative had stopped payment on the check. In October 1993, Petitioner submitted its sales and use tax return for the month of September 1993 to Respondent in which the sale of the yacht was reported. Respondent automatically reviews sales and use tax returns. Respondent's review of Petitioner's return revealed a shortage of sales tax collected in the amount of $4,680.. In January 1994, Respondent issued a notice of tax action for assessment of additional tax in the amount of $4,710, plus interest and penalty, to Petitioner. The $4,710 included the loss of Petitioner's collection allowance of $30, which loss resulted from Petitioner's failure to timely remit all taxes due. Having received the notice of tax action, by letter dated January 20, 1994, Petitioner generally informed Respondent of the circumstances regarding the sales tax shortage, including the dishonored check. Petitioner pointed out, among other things, that Respondent had the authority and the means to collect the tax, while it (Petitioner) had limited means, and suggested, among other things, that Respondent cancel the purchaser's Florida registration of the yacht. On or about January 31, 1994, approximately three months after the check for sales tax was dishonored, Petitioner issued a notice of dishonored check to the purchaser, in which Petitioner requested payment of the sales tax. The notice provided, among other things, that Petitioner could seek criminal prosecution and civil action if the monies were not paid to Petitioner. Having not received the $4,680, Petitioner contacted the local law enforcement agency. After investigation, the law enforcement agency informed Petitioner that a civil action would have to be instituted because the purchaser, through its representative, had indicated that it was not satisfied with the yacht. Although Petitioner engaged the services of an attorney for civil action, no civil action was commenced. Additionally, Petitioner did not engage the services of a collection agency for assistance in collecting the sales tax. Subsequent to its notice of tax action, on or about March 12, 1994, Respondent issued a notice of assessment to Petitioner. The notice of assessment provided, among other things, that Petitioner was being assessed taxes in the amount of $4,710, plus penalty and interest in the amount of $2,342.61, totalling $7,052.61. Petitioner protested the assessment. On February 8, 1995, Respondent issued its notice of reconsideration in which Respondent determined, among other things, that the assessment was appropriate and affirmed the assessment of $7,052.61, plus interest and penalty. The interest accrues at the rate of $1.55 per day. Petitioner has not remitted any of the assessed tax, including interest and penalty, to Respondent. Petitioner has not identified on its federal tax return the noncollection of the sales tax from the purchaser as a bad debt. Sales tax is part of the total sale price for an item. Respondent considers the sales tax as collectable by a seller in the same manner as any other debt owed by a purchaser to a seller. A retail dealer, who is also a seller, is considered to be an agent for the State in the collection of sales tax. The burden of collecting the sales tax is placed upon the retail dealer by Respondent. Some of Respondent's employees have been sympathetic to Petitioner's tax assessment matter. However, none of the employees indicated to or advised Petitioner that Respondent was or is in error.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that the Department of Revenue enter a final order affirming the assessment of sales tax against High-Tech Yacht & Ship, Inc. in the amount of $7,052.61, plus interest and penalty. DONE AND ENTERED this 7th day of August 1996, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. ERROL H. POWELL, Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 7th day of August 1996.
Findings Of Fact In Exhibit 3 Petitioner disputed the overpayment of sales tax, penalties and interest in the amount of $62,035.63. At the hearing it was stipulated that the disputed sum is $62,000.00. Petitioner is owner and publisher of a weekly paper, The Tampa/Metro Neighbor (Neighbor), published in Tampa and distributed in the Tampa metropolitan area of Hillsborough County. The Neighbor is distributed to readers free of charge. Petitioner started rack sales September 27, 1980, and has sold approximately 125 per week since that time. Its total circulation is approximately 164,009. The Neighbor has not been entered or qualified to be admitted and entered as second class mail matter at a post office in the county where it is published. The Neighbor is delivered by approximately one thousand carriers to residences and apartments in Hillsborough County each Thursday. The papers are placed in plastic bags to protect them from the weather. Petitioner claims sales tax exemption for the purchase of newsprint, ink, and plastic bags used to print and distribute the Neighbor. Newspapers such as The Tampa Tribune are exempt from sales tax on these items. Only newspapers and other periodical publications are eligible for mailing at second class rates of postage. Publications primarily designed for free circulation and/or circulation at nominal rates may not qualify for the general publications category (Exhibit 24). General publications primarily designed for advertising purposes may not qualify for second class privileges. Those not qualifying include those publications which contain more than 75 Percent advertising in more than half of the issues published during any 12- month period (Exhibit 24). Second class mail privilege is a very valuable asset for newspapers and other qualifying publications. The editorial content of the Neighbor, which they define as everything except advertisement, is comprised of local news, sporting news, local investigative reporting, an opinion section, and an entertainment section. The advertising is split into classified ads and other. The Neighbor contains no national or international news, no wire service reports, no comics, no stock market reports, no sports statistics, no weather reports, no national syndicated columnists, no state capital news, no obituaries, no book review section, and no special section such as home design, gardening, etc. Neighbor considers its primary competitor to be The Tampa Tribune. However, this competition is limited to advertising as the Neighbor has none of the traditional newspaper features above noted which are normally carried in daily newspapers. Petitioner presented two expert witnesses who opined that the Neighbor met the requirements to be classified as a newspaper because it was published in newspaper format; that it had an editorial section which provided some news as contrasted to that provided in a shopping guide; that the 75 percent - 25 percent advertising-editorial content did not make the Neighbor primarily an advertising paper; that the requirements of the U.S. Post Office for a periodical to obtain second class mail privileges is not relevant to a determination that the Neighbor is not newspaper; that the requirements of the Department of Revenue Rules 12A-1.08(3)(d) and 12A-1.08(4) Florida Administrative Code, are not relevant in determining whether the Neighbor is a newspaper; and that in a journalistic concept the Neighbor is a newspaper. The Neighbor was purchased in 1979 by North American Publications, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Morris Communications Corporation. Morris Communications Corporation owns several newspapers scattered from Florida to Alaska, both daily and weekly publications. Most of these publications are sold to paid subscribers. Petitioner's testimony that sales tax was not collected from Petitioner's predecessor owners was flatly contradicted by the testimony of Respondent's witness. Since the latter witness is in a much better position to know the facts respecting sales taxes levied on the former owner of the Neighbor, this testimony is the more credible. In any event, Petitioner did not claim estoppel.
