Findings Of Fact At all material times, respondent has held a registered Class "B" Security Agency License, No. B86-00092, a Class "DS" Security Officer School/or Training Facility License, No. DS90-00069, a Class "D" Security Officer License, No. D85-2333, a Class "DI" Security Officer Instructor License, No. DI88-00012, and a Class "MB" Manager Security Agency License, No. MB86-00105. At all pertinent times, respondent provided security services to various non-governmental clients in Bay County, Florida, and also furnished security services to its only governmental client, the Federal Correctional Institution in Tallahassee, more than 100 miles from respondent's offices. From January 21, 1991, to June 30, 1991, respondent employed J. C. Barnwell, Terrell Barnwell, Larry Burks, Michael Dicks, Robert Pompey and Darrell L. Smith, none of whom held security officer licenses. They all worked as security officers at the Federal Correctional Institution in Leon County, and did no other work for respondent.
Recommendation It is, accordingly, RECOMMENDED: That petitioner dismiss the administrative complaint. DONE and ENTERED this 1st day of July, 1992, in Tallahassee, Florida. ROBERT T. BENTON, II Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, FL 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 1st day of July, 1992. COPIES FURNISHED: Henri C. Cawthon, Esquire The Capitol, MS #4 Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Charles S. Isler, III, Esquire Isler & Banks, P.A. P.O. Drawer 430 Panama City, FL 32402 Honorable Jim Smith, Secretary Department of State The Capitol Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phyllis Slater, General Counsel Department of State The Capitol, PL-2 Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250
The Issue The issue is whether the alcoholic beverage license #23-03711 SRX, Series #4-COP issued to Respondent should be revoked, suspended, or otherwise disciplined because the licensee permitted patrons to commit criminal offenses on the licensed premises, including possession, delivery and distribution of controlled substances such as cocaine; because a nuisance is maintained on the licensed premises; or because the premises are a notorious gathering place for those predisposed to deal and deliver controlled substances in violation of Florida law.
Findings Of Fact All Purchase Corp. owns the restaurant and bar known as Flame Steak, located at 216 Lincoln Road, Miami Beach, Florida. The establishment holds a Series #4-COP license, #23- 03711 SRX, for the sale of beer, wine and liquor on the premises. The owner of the licensed premises is Mr. Gilberto Rivas. The licensed location consists of a 35 foot glass store front on Lincoln Road. As one enters the restaurant, immediately to the left there are tables, and farther to the left is the kitchen, which contains an open flame grill (hence the name of the establishment). Going deeper into the restaurant, at the end of the kitchen area is a bar with stools. There are more tables in the center of the room, and to the right is a dance floor. At the right rear of the dance floor is a D.J. booth. At the rear left of the establishment is a staircase leading to an upstairs hall, where the men's and women's bathrooms are located. The establishment uses the services of a security guard firm, Columbo Investigations. One guard ordinarily remains at the entrance to check IDs of patrons, and to pat patrons down, to be sure they are not carrying weapons into the establishment. In the year before the emergency suspension, the Miami Beach Police Department responded to 28 calls of incidents at the licensed premises, but none of these calls were for narcotic violations. Another guard is ordinarily stationed in the hall upstairs just in front of the bathrooms. A third guard occasionally roams the establishment. Both the security guards and the bartender are under instructions from Mr. Rivas to immediately remove any patron who breaks the law, especially one who is disorderly, drunken, or otherwise causing a problem. Although the security guard and bartender also testified that Mr. Rivas had instructed them to remove anyone engaging in any illegal activity such as the sale of cocaine, the Hearing Officer is persuaded that the focus of their activities is to remove drunken or disorderly patrons. There is no evidence of any specific program for observing patrons to watch for illegal narcotics transactions. Indeed, the evidence shows a rather casual attitude on the part of security guards to the presence of narcotics, for at one time during the investigation, one of the security guards was smoking marijuana in the men's room. (See, Finding 11, infra.). On another occasion, a DABT officer openly passed a one inch by one inch baggie of cocaine to another officer on the stairs going up to the men's room, which only elicited a wink from the security guard. (See, Finding 16, infra.). Over time, three confidential informants for the City of Miami Beach Police Department told the police that illegal drug transactions were taking place at Flame Steak. Based on these reports, the Department began an undercover investigation, which included agents from the Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco of the State. The evidence of the reputation of Flame Steak as a location where drugs can be purchased was rather general, but it did serve to explain a legitimate reason for the Police Department and the DABT to have undertaken their investigation. The police did not go to Mr. Rivas with their information before the investigation began. The investigation began on February 18, 1990, and continued through the arrests made at Flame Steak and the suspension of the alcoholic beverage license on Friday, April 6, 1990. Events of February 18, 1990. Miami Beach Police Detective Elicio Zacarias went to Flame Steak with a confidential informant at approximately 12:30 a.m. on February 18, 1990, in an undercover capacity. He spent several hours there, and the confidential informant introduced him to a man, "Eric" and a woman. After meeting Eric, Detective Zacarias asked Eric "how much he could get for $40" as he was standing at the bar. Eric told him to move to a table about 10 feet from the bar. Shortly thereafter Eric returned, and put a one inch by one inch clear plastic baggie of cocaine on the table top next to Detective Zacarias' hand. Detective Zacarias then gave him $40 cash in plain view; Detective Zacarias flicked the baggie to get residue from the top of the baggie down into its bottom in an open manner. Detective Zacarias then made three or four trips to the men's room in order to appear to be snorting the cocaine. He did not pretend to use the drug in the view of anyone in the public areas of the bar; he merely went to the men's room. That same night, Eric introduced Detective Zacarias to the owner of Flame Steak, Mr. Gilberto Rivas. Mr. Rivas is at the location every night. Eric obviously knew Mr. Rivas, and appeared to be familiar with the other people who worked at the bar. Nothing Eric said to Detective Zacarias implied that Mr. Rivas used cocaine, or had ever seen cocaine being passed in the bar, however. Before the bar closed, Detective Zacarias approached Eric for a second time and asked if he could get some more "to go". Eric replied "sure," and went to the front of the establishment to meet with some other person who Detective Zacarias could not see. Eric returned and gave him a similar baggie in a hand- to-hand exchange over the bar during which Detective Zacarias gave Eric $25. Detective Zacarias then left -the bar at about 4:00 a.m. with the two baggies of cocaine. Events of the night of February 24 and 25, 1990. Detective Zacarias returned to the Flame Steak with DABT Investigator Weiner and the confidential informant at approximately 11:00 p.m. on February 24, 1990, in an undercover capacity. The confidential informant introduced Detective Zacarias to a white latin male at the bar, near the staircase to the restrooms. The confidential informant asked that man if he could get something for later, to which the unidentified man replied "I'll take care of you," and told Detective Zacarias and the confidential informant to go up to the men's room. That unidentified man then came to the men's room and in the open part of the men's room sold a similar small baggie of cocaine for $45. Detective Zacarias and the confidential informant then returned to the bar and sat with Agent Weiner. From time to time they would go up to the men's room to appear to be using the cocaine. At about 1:45 a.m. on the morning of February 25, 1990, they made another buy from the same individual. This time the baggie of cocaine was transferred hand-to-hand but below the bar level. Detective Zacarias paid $45 for the cocaine. He left at about 3:00 a.m. Events of March 3, 1990. Detective Zacarias again went to Flame Steak with another undercovered detective, John Quiros on Saturday March 3, 1990. They met the same unidentified white latin male who had sold Detective Zacarias cocaine on two occasions on the night of February 24 and 25, 1990. Detective Zacarias asked him if there was anything available, and was told to go to the men's room. The unidentified latin male removed a baggie from his wallet, which he sold to Detective Zacarias for $30. Detective Zacarias was at the restaurant for approximately 2-3 hours on that occasion. Events of March 16, 1990. Detective Zacarias again went to Flame Steak on Friday, March 16, 1990, at about 10:30 p.m. with Detective Quiros and DABT Investigator Weiner and a female detective for the Miami Beach Police Department, Kelli Reid. The were also in the company of the confidential informant. After they were there almost two hours, Detective Zacarias was introduced to a black female, and he asked her in Spanish if there was "anything available." She replied "for $40 I can get you enough," and Detective Zacarias gave her $40. She went over to a latin male at the bar who took a small baggie, similar to the other baggies in which cocaine had been packaged on prior occasions, from his right rear pocket and gave it to her; she in turn gave it to Detective Zacarias over the table. At about 1:45 a.m. Detective Zacarias asked the same female if she could get more at a lesser price. She then introduced Detective Zacarias to a different white latin male who came to their table from the bar. She told him in Spanish "bring me back for 30" and about 20 minutes later he gave her a baggie which she gave to Detective Zacarias hand- to-hand at waist level containing cocaine. That same morning at about 3:30 a.m. Detective Zacarias asked the black female if he could buy some "to take home." She took Detective Zacarias to the second man again; he took the cocaine from his shirt pocket, and gave it to her for $35. Detective Zacarias held the cocaine in his right hand, examined it, put it in his pocket while he was at a table about five feet from the bar area. That same morning, Detective Zacarias saw a man whom he knew as "Freddie" snorting cocaine in the men's room as Detective Zacarias entered. At about 4:30 a.m. on March 17, 1990, DABT Investigator Weiner was introduced by the confidential informant to a white latin female, "Atricia." Agent Weiner asked Atricia if she could get cocaine, and she left the area where Weiner had been sitting to approach an unidentified latin male. She returned with a message that she could obtain cocaine for $30. Weiner gave her the $30. She left, and when she returned handed Weiner a clear plastic baggie of cocaine. Events of March 24, 1990. Detective Zacarias returned to Flame Steak with Miami Beach Police Detective Reid and DABT Investigator Weiner early in the morning of March 24, 1990, with the confidential informant. After being in the lounge for 45 minutes to an hour, the black female from March 17, 1990, invited Detective Zacarias to sit at her table in the center of the lounge area, near the dance floor. She was with three other women. Detective Zacarias asked her in Spanish if she could find something, she asked "how much?" Detective Zacarias gave her $40. The black female went to a male at the other end of the dance floor and when she returned she gave Detective Zacarias openly in a hand-to-hand fashion a baggie of cocaine over the table. Later they were joined by Eric. Eric had seen the black female purchase the cocaine she recently had given to Detective Zacarias, and asked for a "hit" of the cocaine. Detective Zacarias gave him the baggie and Eric and the black female consumed the cocaine, not openly on the floor of the establishment, but by going to the restrooms. Detective Zacarias had to make the cocaine available to the black female and to Eric in order to maintain his cover. It is common for people who arrange cocaine purchases to be rewarded by being given part of the cocaine they assisted in procuring. On another occasion that night while going to the men's room, Eric asked Detective Zacarias for a hit and Detective Zacarias gave Eric the cocaine in front of the security guard on the second floor landing. Detective Zacarias offered cocaine to the security guard on the second floor landing, who looked directly at it, declined, but did make the comment "it looks good." DABT Investigator Weiner later saw the guard smoking marijuana in the men's room. Later that evening at about 2:00 a.m. Detective Zacarias asked the unidentified black female if she could get more cocaine. She motioned for money and he gave her $40. The black female approached a latin male with a goatee. She gave him the cash and she returned with a clear plastic baggie of cocaine which she delivered to Detective Zacarias hand-to-hand at table level. Thereafter, at about 2:20 a.m., Investigator Weiner met Atricia and negotiated a cocaine purchase for $40. Atricia gave Weiner a baggie of cocaine in an open fashion over the table and he delivered currency to her in the same way. At about 3:45 a.m., after Detective Zacarias had made several trips to the men's room, he asked the black female if he could get some more, and gave her another $40. She then went to a latin female who had been identified as "Isabelle," and while DABT Investigator Weiner saw currency change hands, he did not see Isabelle deliver any cocaine to the black female because of obstruction of his view by people in the bar. The black female returned and delivered cocaine to him in a baggie hand-to- hand, at table level about 10 feet from the bar near the dance floor. Events of March 31, 1990. Detective Zacarias, Detective Reid, and DABT Investigators Weiner and Mesa (a female) went to Flame Steak with a confidential informant at about 12:15 a.m. on March 31, 1990. Investigator Weiner met the white latin male patron, "Frank," who asked Weiner if he "needed anything tonight?" Weiner said "yes," he would start with 1/2 gram. Frank pulled out a clear baggie and sold it to Investigator Weiner for $20. The barmaid then came to the table to take drink orders. Investigator Weiner passed the cocaine over the table to Investigator Mesa as the barmaid was serving the drinks and Mesa returned the cocaine baggie to Weiner. Although this transaction could easily have been seen by the barmaid, the evidence is not persuasive that the barmaid actually saw it. DABT Investigator Weiner negotiated a second cocaine purchase from Frank in the front part of a lounge, paying $20 for the cocaine. It was passed hand-to-hand at waist level. While they were at Flame Steak, Weiner asked Mesa to accompany him upstairs to the restrooms. They passed the security guard at the top of the stairs, where Weiner openly passed the cocaine to Mesa, which elicited the wink from the security guard which has previously been referred to in Finding 2 above. Finally at about 2:30 a.m. on March 31, 1990, Investigator Weiner negotiated his third purchase from Frank. The cocaine was purchased for $20 which was exchanged for cocaine in the same manner as the prior purchases. General Findings Despite the numerous cocaine transactions which the Miami Beach Detectives or the DABT Investigators were able to make with ease from several patrons on the licensed premises, during the entire time of the investigation, no City of Miami Beach Detective or DABT Investigator ever observed any other patrons making drug transactions at any time. Obviously Eric saw the purchase made by Detective Zacarias on March 24, 1990, because he came over and asked for "hits" from the cocaine purchased, see, Finding 11, supra. It is not clear whether the barmaid taking drink orders on March 31, 1990, saw Investigator Weiner pass cocaine to Investigator Mesa. It is clear, however, that on two occasions the security guard at the top of the stairs saw cocaine, once when it was passed from Detective Zacarias to Eric (Finding 11), the second time when it was passed from Investigator Weiner to Investigator Mesa (Finding 16). That security guard also smoked marijuana in the bathroom on the licensed premises (Finding 11). There is no evidence that any drug transactions took place in front of the owner, Mr. Gilberto Rivas. The music played by the D.J. in the bar was so loud that it would be difficult for bartenders or barmaids to overhear conversations among patrons not in close proximity to those employees. No person who sold or procured the sale of cocaine ever made any statement which could be construed as an indication that Mr. Rivas, or any bartender or barmaid knew that illegal drug transactions were taking place on the licensed premises. On the other hand, the security guards, who may nominally be independent contractors, but who are under the direction and control of the owner, Mr. Rivas, saw, knew about, and participated (through smoking marijuana) in the use of controlled substances on the licensed premises. No security guard called the police or asked any persons he saw with cocaine to leave the premises. Mr. Gilberto Rivas did not take any special precautions to prevent or detect drug activity on the premises. He did tell the employees to remove anyone whom they may see involved in drug activities. Mr. Gilberto Rivas had no actual knowledge that drug transactions were taking place on the licensed premises. He opposes drug trafficking, and he has not knowingly permitted the sale of drugs at the restaurant. He has even thrown people out of the establishment if he suspected that they were involved in drug- related activities. The majority of the cocaine sale transactions took place in plain view on the licensed premises. The sales did not take place only in closed toilet stalls in one of the restrooms, but in the open part of the restroom, and more importantly, at the bar or at tables in the restaurant. The number of people at the premises did make watching drug transactions somewhat difficult. For example, on several occasions the detectives or investigators had their views obstructed, so that the could not view both the exchange of currency and the delivery of cocaine to persons who purchased drugs for them. Nonetheless, in view of the number of drug buys that were made over a relatively brief period of time, and the remarkable ease with which apparently innocuous inquiries about whether "something was available" were immediately recognized by bar patrons as request to purchase cocaine, and the very brief periods of time in which sales were consummated, there was a sufficiently persistent pattern of open drug activity that the problem should have been noticed by a reasonably diligent licensee. Mr. Rivas focused his attention on patrons who became rowdy, drunk, or would not pay their bills, and failed to take reasonable efforts to discover or prevent drug transactions on the licensed premises.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that All Purchase Corp. d/b/a Flame Steak be found guilty of violation of the beverage laws by permitting patrons to violate the laws of Florida on the licensed premises through the use of cocaine and marijuana, and by maintaining a nuisance on the licensed premises because cocaine was used and sold and marijuana was used on the premises, in violation of Sections 561.29(1)(a) and (c), 823.10 and 893.13(2)(a)5. Florida Statutes. As a result, the beverage license should not be revoked, but should be suspended for a period of 60 days, and an administrative fine of $2,000 should be imposed. DONE and ENTERED this 20th day of April, 1990, at Tallahassee, Florida. WILLIAM R. DORSEY, JR. Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 20th day of April, 1990. APPENDIX TO RECOMMENDED ORDER DOAH CASE NO. 90-2189 Rulings on proposals made by the Respondent: 1. Adopted in Finding 1. and 3. Accepted, passim. Adopted in Findings 4-6, except that the amount of cocaine sold in each instance was not proven to be 1/2 gram, but from viewing it, it appear to have been approximately 1/2 gram. Adopted in Finding 7. Adopted in Finding 8. Adopted in Findings 9 and 10, except that the packets were approximately 1 to 1 1/2 inches square, not 1/2 inches square. Adopted in Finding 11, except that the transfer of the cocaine was not done in a concealed manner, because Eric saw it. In addition, the evidence supports the inference that the security guard was either employed by the restaurant, or was under the direct supervision and control of Mr. Rivas. Covered in Findings 14-17. Adopted in Finding 18. Accepted as to Mr. Rivas, the bartender, and the barmaids, but rejected with respect to the security guard. Accepted, see, Finding 2. Rejected because there had been 28 calls, not 4 or 5 calls to the Miami Beach Police Department. Discussed in Findings 19-22. Rulings on proposals made by the Department: Covered in Finding 1. Covered in Finding 3, in a general manner as to the impetus for the investigation. The events of each of the nights is separately explained in the Recommended Order. and 4. Rejected as unnecessary; the material purchased was cocaine. To the extent appropriate, covered in Finding 3. While the printout Sergeant Hunker offered was not admitted, his testimony established the number of police calls to the bar. Separately covered in the Findings relating to the nights of March 16 and 31, 1990. Rejected as unnecessary. Gilberto Rivas had very little useful information in his testimony, due to his limited work at the bar. Adopted in Findings 19 and 22. Generally accepted as it relates to the duties of the security guards at the premises and the instructions from Mr. Rivas. The Notice to Show Cause raises no issue with respect to sales to underaged drinkers, so no findings on that subject have been made. Generally rejected because the testimony of Mr. Rivas was rather confusing, no doubt in great part because of the difficulty in translation. Findings with respect to the time Mr. Rivas spends at the location and what he told his employees are made in Findings 5 and 19-22. COPIES FURNISHED: Harry Hooper, Esquire Deputy General Counsel Department of Business Regulation 725 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1007 Yale L. Galanter, Esquire Beverly Myrberg, Esquire 2800 Biscayne Boulevard 9th Floor Miami, Florida 33137 Leonard Ivey, Director Department of Business Regulation The Johns Building 725 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1000 Stephen R. MacNamara, Secretary Department of Business Regulation The Johns Building 725 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1000 Joseph A. Sole, General Counsel Department of Business Regulation The Johns Building 725 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1000
The Issue At issue is whether the respondent violated section 493.6118(1)(n), Florida Statutes, as alleged in the Administrative Complaint, and, if so, the penalty which should be imposed.
Findings Of Fact Based on the oral and documentary evidence presented at the final hearing and the entire record of this proceeding, the following findings of fact are made: During the period of time specified in the Administrative Complaint, May 19, 1994, through October 10, 1994, 24-Hour Security held a Class "B" Security Agency License, number B91-00117. From May 19, 1994, through October 10, 1994, Richard R. Cullen was president of 24-Hour Security and held, among other licenses, a Class "M" Manager License, number M86-00152. 24-Hour Security, whose only office is located at 1515 South Federal Highway, Boca Raton, Florida, is in the business of providing security guards to businesses and condominiums. It employs licensed security guards and trains and supervises them to ensure that they adequately perform their duties and carry out the instructions of 24-Hour Security's clients. From May 19, 1994, through October 10, 1994, Michelle T. Reilly was employed by 24-Hour Security and worked as assistant to Mr. Cullen. She began working for 24-Hour Security in September 1992 and has always been highly regarded as an employee by Mr. Cullen. He has trained her in all aspects of the private security service business in order for her to get the experience necessary to qualify for a chapter 493 manager's license. Prior to February 16, 1995, she had never held any type of license authorized by chapter 493 of the Florida Statutes. Mr. Cullen was aware that she was not licensed. Since the agency's inception, Mr. Cullen has designated himself manager of 24-Hour Security and has considered himself ultimately responsible for the operation of the agency. During the period of time at issue in this proceeding, Ms. Reilly's business cards identified her as "Branch Manager," and she was identified as such by licensed employees of 24-Hour Security. On one occasion during the Department's investigation, Ms. Reilly expressly identified herself to an investigator of the Department as manager of 24-Hour Security. During the period of time at issue in this proceeding, in addition to performing secretarial and bookkeeping duties, Ms. Reilly assisted Mr. Cullen in (1) hiring and training licensed security guards; (2) preparing daily work schedules for the guards; (3) preparing post orders outlining the duties a guard is to carry out at a particular post, including the client's special instructions or requirements; (4) supervising the operation of the agency's dispatch center; (5) addressing clients' problems; (6) consulting with clients regarding proper security precautions; (7) conducting post inspections to ensure that the guards are at their posts, properly uniformed and carrying out their responsibilities; and (8) writing security proposals for clients and in developing new accounts. In assisting Mr. Cullen with these duties, Ms. Reilly at times was allowed by Mr. Cullen to direct and control the activities of licensed security officers and to operate the agency. When Mr. Cullen was advised by the Department that Ms. Reilly could not function as or be designated as "manager" of 24-Hour Security, he immediately removed her business cards from the office. Ms. Reilly applied for a Class "MB" manager's license on November 9, 1994. Her application was denied by the Department by letter dated January 17, 1995, because she had "not demonstrated the lawfully gained experience or appropriate training" required for licensure. Ms. Reilly was issued a Class "D" Security Officer license on February 16, 1995.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that the Department of State, Division of Licensing, enter a Final Order finding 24-Hour Security, Incorporated, and Richard R. Cullen guilty of the violation alleged in the Administrative Complaint and imposing a fine of $500 for this violation. DONE AND ENTERED this 25th day of April 1995, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. PATRICIA HART MALONO Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 25th day of April 1995. APPENDIX The following are my specific rulings on petitioner_s Proposed Findings of Fact. Paragraphs 1 through 9: Adopted in substance in Findings of Fact numbered 1 through 8. The following are my specific rulings on respondent_s Proposed Findings of Fact. Paragraph 1: Adopted in substance in Findings of Fact numbered 2 and 5. Paragraph 2: The proposed finding of fact in the first portion of the first sentence is rejected as not supported by the evidence. The proposed findings of fact set out in the second portion of the first sentence and in the second, third, fourth, and fifth sentences are rejected as merely summaries of testimony. The proposed finding of fact in the final sentence is rejected as not supported by the evidence. Paragraph 3: The proposed finding of fact in the first sentence was adopted in substance in Finding of Fact numbered 6. The remaining proposed findings of fact are rejected as argument. Paragraph 4: The proposed finding of fact in the first portion of the sentence is rejected as merely a summary of testimony; the proposed finding of fact in the second portion of the sentence is rejected as argument. Paragraph 5: Rejected as unnecessary. Paragraph 6: Rejected as unnecessary. Paragraph 7: The proposed finding of fact in the first portion of the sentence is rejected as unnecessary; the proposed finding of fact in the second portion of the sentence is rejected as not supported by the evidence. Paragraph 8: The proposed findings of fact in the first two sentences are rejected as legal argument. The proposed finding of fact in the last sentence is adopted in substance in Finding of Fact numbered 5. Paragraph 9: The proposed finding of fact in the first two sentences are rejected as unnecessary. The proposed findings of fact in the last two sentences are rejected as argument. Paragraph 10: Rejected as argument. Paragraph 11: Rejected as argument. Paragraph 12: Rejected as argument. COPIES FURNISHED: Kristi Reid Bronson Assistant General Counsel Department of State Division of Licensing The Capitol, M.S. #4 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 Richard R. Cullen, President 24-Hour Security, Incorporated 1515 South Federal Highway Suite 109 Boca Raton, Florida 33432 Don Bell General Counsel Department of State The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32300-0250 The Honorable Sandra B. Mortham Secretary of State The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250
Findings Of Fact Respondent, Glen Thurlow (Thurlow), was certified by the Criminal Justice Standards and Training Commission (Commission) on June 15, 1982, and was issued Certificate Number 02-3128. Thurlow has been employed by the West Palm Beach Police Department (WPBPD) for the last eight years. On the evening of November 24, 1990, Thurlow was assigned as a police officer to the WPBPD Criminal Apprehension Team (CAT), which is a street crimes unit. That evening Thurlow was partnered for the first time with Lee Rollins (Rollins), a fellow police officer on CAT. Thurlow and Rollins were assigned as plain clothes officers in an unmarked police vehicle, an old, gold Cadillac. Thurlow had on a black T-shirt, combat pants, black combat boots, duty leather and underneath his shirt a bullet-proof vest with a trauma plate. Rollins was dressed in a black T-shirt and jeans. He was not wearing duty leather, but was wearing a utility belt fastened with velcro. Both officers wore their police badges on a chain underneath their shirts. Around 10:30 p.m., near the end of their duty shift, they were returning to the police station. Thurlow was driving south on South Dixie Highway headed toward the Belvedere Road intersection. As they approached the intersection, the officers saw a man, later identified as Robert Jewett (Jewett), dressed in cut-off jeans, a T-shirt, and a cap standing near the middle of the south bound lanes on South Dixie Highway past the Belvedere Road intersection, near the Palm Beach Post Building. The officers continued through the Belvedere Road intersection toward Jewett. As they approached Jewett, he stuck out his left hand in a "hitchhiking gesture." Thurlow pulled over to the side of the road near the parking lot of the Palm Beach Post Building. When Thurlow pulled over, Jewett ran up to the car and got in the back seat. Rollins showed Jewett his police badge, told Jewett that he was a police officer, and requested Jewett to step outside the car. Jewett complied. Rollins exited the Cadillac and Thurlow remained inside. Rollins asked Jewett for his driver's license, which Jewett gave him. Rollins radioed the police dispatcher with the information on the driver's license in order to determine whether there were any outstanding warrants on Jewett. Rollins advised Jewett that he was going to charge him with hitchhiking, but that if there were no warrants against Jewett that he would be given a Notice to Appear and released at the scene, rather than being taken down to the police station. Rollins told Jewett to place his hands on top of the car and spread his legs so that Rollins could search him for weapons. Jewett complied. Thurlow, still sitting in the driver's seat, was monitoring the conversation between Rollins and Jewett. Rollins began the weapons search at Jewett's shoulder and continued down to his left pocket. Finding nothing, he started to search the right pocket. At that time Jewett brought his right arm down from the top of the car. Rollins caught his arm, put it back on top of the car, and told him to keep his hands on the top of the car. As Rollins proceeded to search Jewett's right pocket, Jewett brought his right arm down and stuck it in his pocket. At the same time he came around with his left elbow and hit Rollins on the left side of his chest, knocking him around. Rollins pulled Jewett's hand out of his pocket and they began to struggle. Rollins pulled his flashlight from his back pocket and tried to hit Jewett on his left forearm. Jewett tried to kick Rollins in the groin and Rollins grabbed Jewett's T-shirt. Their feet tangled, the men went down and Rollins fell back toward the car, hitting his head on the back door. Rollins was stunned from the blow to his head. Thurlow felt the Cadillac rock as if someone had bumped against the car. Rollins called to Thurlow to give him some assistance. Thurlow exited the car and came around to the passenger side, where he saw Rollins sitting on the ground with his back to the car, and Jewett straddling and leaning over Rollins with his arms raised as if he were preparing to hit Rollins. Thurlow ran up behind Jewett and put his arm below Jewett's Adam's apple in Jewett's upper chest area in order to pull Jewett back from Rollins. Jewett began to fight and had Thurlow on the balls of his feet. They went towards the front of the car. Jewett went down on his knees with Thurlow's arm still around him. Jewett stood up with Thurlow on his back and they both went backwards, and as a result Thurlow's arm slipped up towards Jewett's chin. Rollins, seeing Jewett put his right hand in his pocket, ran over to Jewett and tried to grab his right hand. The three men fell to the ground and rolled backwards landing in a grassy area. Thurlow still had his arm around Jewett's neck. Thurlow was on the bottom, Jewett in the middle and Rollins on top. Thurlow released his hold on Jewett and slipped out from under Jewett. Thurlow was on Jewett's left side and Rollins was sitting to Jewett's right, about, waist-high facing away from Jewett. Jewett was grabbing at his right pocket. Rollins saw a metal object in the area of Jewett's right pocket. Rollins took his flashlight and swiped at the metal object, sending both the flashlight and the metal object flying off in an easterly direction. Rollins told Jewett to quit struggling. Jewett grabbed the butt of Rollins' gun. Rollins hollered to Thurlow that Jewett had his gun. Rollins hit Jewett in the groin three to four times. Thurlow got up and threw a punch at Jewett connecting at Jewett's left eye. At that point Jewett quit fighting. Thurlow held Jewett's arm over the curb and told Rollins to handcuff Jewett. Having lost his handcuffs in the struggle, Rollins used Thurlow's handcuffs and cuffed Jewett's hands behind his back. All three men were breathing hard and sweating. Rollins told Thurlow that he had lost his flashlight and that something had been thrown out of Jewett's hand during the struggle. Thurlow left Rollins with Jewett and went to look for the lost items. At the time Thurlow left Rollins and Jewett, Jewett was breathing. During the struggle, Rollins' handcuffs, radio, and ammo pouch came off his belt. Rollins found his radio and called the dispatcher at 22:35:52 hours to report the incident. He then went to look for the rest of his missing equipment and was gone approximately one to one and a half minutes. Rollins returned to Jewett and started to pick him up; however Jewett was limp. Rollins put him back on the ground and tried to take his pulse. Because Rollins was still in an excited state from the fight, he could not tell whether he was getting a pulse from Jewett. He tried to take Jewett's pulse again but still could not determine whether he was getting a pulse. Thurlow, having found the flashlight in the grass and an open pocketknife on the sidewalk, walked back over to Rollins and Jewett. Thurlow asked Rollins if something was wrong with Jewett, and Rollins replied that Jewett did not look well. At 22:39:54 hours Thurlow radioed for the paramedics. At 22:43:35 hours, Thurlow again radioed for the paramedics to hurry and get to the scene. Rollins again checked for a pulse but could not determine whether there was a pulse. A few minutes later firefighters, responding to a medical call, arrived on the scene. One of the firefighters checked Jewett's pulse and breathing and determined that Jewett was not breathing and did not have a pulse. Jewett was pale with some discoloration and swelling about the face. Within several seconds, the rescue team arrived. The rescue team got Jewett uncuffed and began to administer advanced life support. Jewett was transported to a hospital where he was pronounced dead. Both Thurlow and Rollins were trained to administer CPR; however the unmarked police vehicle did not contain rubber gloves or a bag which are used in administering CPR to protect the person administering CPR from diseases such as AIDS which could be transmitted by bodily fluids. Additionally, Jewett appeared to be breathing, which would mean that he was not a candidate for CPR. At the time of the incident, Joseph Huffman and his girlfriend were traveling north on South Dixie Highway in a van. The van had windows on the rear doors and on the passenger and driver doors. As Mr. Huffman approached the Palm Beach Post parking lot, he saw two men scuffling on the hood of the gold Cadillac. He began to slow down to watch the fracas. He observed the fight for approximately 20 to 30 seconds, during which time he looked over to the El Cid Bar to see if anyone was watching. His girlfriend observed that Huffman tried to look at the fight through his side mirror but couldn't see so he stuck his head out the driver's window and glanced back once or twice, looking forward to check the approaching traffic. Huffman recalled seeing a third man strike Jewett at least 20 times in the groin with a flashlight; however the medical evidence does not support Mr. Huffman's assertion. Having judged the credibility of the witness, I find that Mr. Huffman's recollection is not credible. An autopsy was performed on Jewett by the Palm Beach County Medical Examiner, Dr. James Benz. The autopsy revealed that Jewett had a black eye, markings on the forehead and neck area, minor bruises and abrasions on the right forearm, abrasions on the knees, and abrasions on the right wrist. Jewett suffered fractured ribs and bruising of the left lung underlying the rib fractures. There was a "blow out" of the heart. There was hemorrhaging underneath the Adam's apple and an irregular fracture in the lamana below the Adam's apple. The hyoid bone, which sits above the voice box, was fractured. There were no injuries to the upper thighs, penis or lower abdomen. There was a mild bruise in the testicle area and hemorrhaging in the left testicle. The injuries to the testicles are not consistent with Jewett's being hit between 10 to 20 times with a flashlight in the groin. The "blow out" of Jewett's heart is called a cardiac tamponade. Most probably as a result of the impact to Jewett's chest when he, Rollins, and Thurlow fell to the ground, a thin area of Jewett's heart blew out forming a small hole in Jewett's heart. The heart pumped blood through the small hole into the pericardial sac. As a result of the blood flowing into the pericardial sac, the heart could not expand and death occurred. The cardiac tamponade did not occur after Jewett died nor did it occur in a peri-mortem, near-death state. The cardiac tamponade did occur while Jewett was alive and death occurred some time later. Based on the testimony of Dr. Charles Petty, an expert in forensic pathology, I find that the injuries to Jewett's neck occurred as a result of forceful application of force to the neck, which is consistent with a fall across a rounded object such as a forearm rather than police carotid holds and choke downs. The Use of Force Matrix from the Florida Department of Law Enforcement is the state standard concerning the use of force by law enforcement officers. The matrix lists the resistance levels of a subject and indicates the appropriate level of force to be used by an officer in responding to the various levels of resistance. An aggressive physical resistance is defined as overt, hostile attacking movements which may cause injury, but are not likely to cause death or great bodily harm to the officer or others. Aggravated physical resistance is when the subject makes overt, hostile, attacking movements with or without a weapon, with the intent and apparent ability to cause death or great bodily harm to the officer or others. The resistance level of Jewett when he was straddled and leaning over Rollins as Rollins was up against the fender of the Cadillac and Jewett's actions at the front of the car with Thurlow constitutes aggressive physical resistance. The matrix guidelines indicate that an officer may use all levels of force with the exception of deadly force in dealing with aggressive physical resistance. When Thurlow grabbed Jewett from behind to remove Jewett from his position of standing over Rollins, Thurlow was not using deadly force. His arm was not under Jewett's chin but was lower, nearer the upper chest area. The resistance level of Jewett when he was trying to get Rollins' gun constitutes aggravated physical resistance. The matrix guidelines for force to counter aggravated physical resistance include among other things, counter moves, incapacitation, and deadly force. Deadly force includes techniques that may result in imminent or serious injury, unconsciousness or permanent disfigurement, such as impact weapon strikes to the head or use of firearms. Thus, Thurlow's punch to Jewett's face was within the matrix guidelines.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that a Final Order be entered dismissing the Administrative Complaint against Respondent, Glen H. Thurlow. DONE AND ENTERED this 27th day of October, 1994, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. SUSAN B. KIRKLAND Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 27th day of October, 1994. APPENDIX TO RECOMMENDED ORDER, CASE NO. 93-2593 To comply with the requirements of Section 120.59(2), Florida Statutes (1993), the following rulings are made on the parties' proposed findings of fact: Petitioner's Proposed Findings of Fact Paragraphs 1-3: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 4: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraphs 5-8: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 9: The first sentence is accepted in substance with the exception of the word "allegedly" which is rejected. The second sentence is accepted in substance. Paragraphs 10-12: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 13: The first two sentences are accepted in substance. The last sentence is rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. Paragraph 14: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 15: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 16: The first sentence is accepted in substance. The second sentence is accepted in substance; however it should be noted that it appeared to Thurlow that Jewett was about to strike Rollins. Paragraph 17: The first and second sentences are rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. The evidence established that Thurlow jumped across Jewett's back, placing his arm across Jewett below Jewett's Adam's apple. The second sentence is accepted in substance. Paragraph 18: Accepted that Thurlow and Jewett continued to struggle. Rejected that Thurlow continued to maintain a choke hold on Jewett. The greater weight of the evidence established that Thurlow's arm did not slip up under Jewett's chin until Jewett and Thurlow began to fall backward. Paragraph 19: Rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. Paragraph 20: Accepted in substance with the exception of "continued to hold Mr. Jewett in a choke hold." The evidence established that Thurlow's did not have a choke hold on Jewett until they fell backwards and that the choke hold was not an intentional action but rather resulted from the struggle between Jewett and Thurlow and Rollins running into them. Paragraph 21-22: Accepted in substance. Paragraphs 23: Accepted in substance except to the extent that such finding implies that Thurlow had a choke hold on Jewett at the time that Huffman saw them. Paragraphs 24-26: Having judged the credibility of the witnesses, I find that Huffman's testimony concerning the repeated striking of Jewett in his groin not to be credible, particularly considering the medical evidence and the fact that Huffman was driving down the street while he was trying to look at the fight and keep track of traffic both in front of and behind him. Paragraph 27: Rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. Paragraph 28: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 29: Rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. Paragraph 30: Rejected to the extent that it implies that Thurlow had a choke hold on Jewett the entire time that they were struggling. The evidence established that Thurlow did not start out with a choke hold but that during the struggle, Thurlow's arm slipped underneath Jewett's chin. Paragraphs 31-35: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 36: Accepted in substance to the extent that at one point in time while Jewett was supine on the ground his head was turned toward Thurlow and he grabbed Thurlow's shirt but rejected to the extent that it implies that during the entire time Jewett was on the ground he was looking at Thurlow and grabbing Thurlow's shirt. Paragraph 37: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 38: Accepted in substance to the extent that Thurlow did hear Rollins shout that Jewett had grabbed his gun and to the extent that Thurlow did not see Jewett actually grab the gun. Rejected to the extent that the word "claiming" implies that Rollins may not have shouted to Thurlow that Jewett had his gun and rejected to the extent that the last part of the sentence could be construed to mean that Thurlow did not see Jewett's right arm reach in the direction of Rollins' holster. Paragraphs 39-40: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 41: Accepted in substance with the exception of the word "allegedly." Paragraphs 42-45: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 46: The portion relating to rendering medical assistance is accepted in substance. The portion relating to never checking on the well being of Jewett is rejected as not supported by the evidence. Thurlow did inquire of Rollins concerning the condition of Thurlow before he called for the paramedics. Paragraph 47: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 48: Accepted in substance to the extent that Rollins did not render any first aid but rejected to the extent that Thurlow always had an unobscured view of Jewett. The evidence established that Thurlow was looking for the knife and the flashlight during a portion of the time . Paragraph 49: Rejected as constituting a conclusion of law. Paragraphs 50-51: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraphs 52-53: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 54: Rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. Paragraph 55: Rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. Paragraph 56: Accepted in substance. Paragraphs 57-59: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraphs 60-73: Rejected as unnecessary. Paragraph 74: Accepted in substance to the extent that Jewett was lying on the ground, was bloody, and was not moving. In light of the testimony of Mr. Cook that Jewett's skin was pale and there was discoloration about his face, I do not find Mr. Bouchillion's testimony that Jewett was turning blue to be credible. Paragraph 75: Accepted in substance. Paragraphs 76-77: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraphs 78-86: Accepted in substance. Paragraphs 87: Rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. Paragraph 88: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 89: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraphs 90-96: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 97: Having considered the opinions of Dr. Benz and Dr. Petty, I reject the finding to the extent that it implies that the fractures resulted from a choke hold applied prior to Thurlow, Jewett, and Rollin falling down and rolling into the grassy area. Paragraph 98: The first sentence is accepted in substance. The second sentence is rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. Paragraph 99: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 100: Rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. Paragraphs 101: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraph 102: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraph 103: Rejected as unnecessary. Paragraph 104: Accepted in substance. Paragraphs 105-109: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraph 110-111: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 112: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraph 113: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 114: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraph 115: Rejected as unnecessary. Paragraphs 116-117: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraph 118: Rejected as not supported by competent substantial evidence. Paragraph 119: Rejected to the extent that it implies that Thurlow had a choke hold on Jewett from the time there were at the rear of the Cadillac until they fell backwards. The evidence established that Thurlow did not have Jewett in a choke hold when Thurlow grabbed Jewett from behind. Paragraph 120: Rejected as constituting argument. Paragraph 121-125: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Respondent's Proposed Findings of Fact Paragraph 1: The first two sentences are accepted in substance. The last sentence is rejected as unnecessary. Paragraphs 2-3: Rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. Paragraph 4: The first and last sentences are accepted in substance. The second sentence is rejected as unnecessary. Paragraphs 5-8: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 9: The first sentence is accepted in substance. The portion of the second sentence relating to Thurlow being able to hear is accepted but the portion that Thurlow could see everything is rejected as not supported by the greater weight of the evidence. The last sentence is accepted in substance to the extent that Thurlow thought that he needed to monitor the traffic but the greater weight of the evidence established that the Cadillac was not in the lane of traffic while it was parked. Paragraphs 10-27: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 28-30: Rejected as unnecessary. Paragraph 31: Accepted in substance. Paragraph 32: The first sentence is accepted in substance. The second sentence is rejected as subordinate to the facts actually found. COPIES FURNISHED: Dawn P. Whitehurst, Esquire Paul D. Johnston, Esquire Assistant General Counsel Florida Department of Law Enforcement Post Office Box 1489 Tallahassee, Florida 32302-1489 Gene "Hal" Johnson, Esquire Florida Police Benevolent Association, Inc. 300 East Brevard Street Tallahassee, Florida 32301 Scott N. Richardson, Esquire Atterbury, Goldberger & Richardson One Clear Lake Center, Suite 1400 250 Australian Avenue, South West Palm Beach, Florida 33401-5012 A. Leon Lowry, II, Director Division of Criminal Justice Standards and Training Post Office Box 1489 Tallahassee, Florida 32302 Michael Ramage General Counsel Division of Criminal Justice Standards and Training Post Office Box 1489 Tallahassee, Florida 32302
Findings Of Fact At all times pertinent to the issues herein, Alfred T. Rose held a Class "MB" investigator's license issued by the State of Florida, and the Department of State was and is the agency responsible for licensing private investigators and security guards in this State. James T. Hurley, a former law enforcement officer in New York and the United States Marines, was hired by Mr. Rose approximately fifteen months ago, initially as a patrolman in Mr. Rose's company, Secure Plus, located in Pinellas County, Florida. As the business improved, Mr. Hurley was promoted to Lieutenant and then to Captain, and given responsibility for all Secure Plus business in the south end of the northern part of Pinellas County. On June 20, 1988, while working at his automobile body shop located next to Mr. Rose's office, Mr. Hurley overheard an argument erupt between Mr. Rose and his son Cudhay Rose. As he recalls it, the argument centered around the fact that Cudhay has purchased a Cadillac automobile and Mr. Rose was upset about it, feeling that a car more suitable for company business should have been purchased. After about five minutes of alternating argument and silence, Mr. Hurley, at work in the back of his building, heard a window break. He observed Cudhay come out of the Secure Plus building, bloody and cut. Cudhay stated to Mr. Hurley that his father had tried to kill him. He asked Mr. Hurley to see if he could get his car keys out of the office and when Mr. Hurley went into the Secure Plus office, he saw Mr. Rose putting shells in his gun. When Cudhay thereafter came in, Mr. Rose pointed his gun at Cudhay's face and threatened to blow his "fucking" head off. At this point, according to Mr. Hurley, Mr. Rose appeared wild eyed and shaking. Mr. Hurley tried to clam him down and, after Cudhay left, Mr. Rose went to his office with Hurley and commented that the company was finished. At no time during this period did Mr. Rose fire his gun nor did he point it at Mr. Hurley though he advised Mr. Hurley to mind his own business. Mr. Hurley's body shop is located at the rear of Mr. Rose's building, and while the above altercation was going on, he could observe Mr. Rose and his son through the window scuffling and "bouncing off the walls. Mr. Rose admits to an altercation with his son on June 20, 1988. He contends that his son has been in a foul mood all that day and when he asked what was wrong, Cudhay indicated his wife had threatened to divorce him because he was not bring home enough money. According to Mr. Rose, at this point in time, with the business just getting started, funds were short and neither he nor his son was taking much money out of it. Mr. Rose also admits to a physical confrontation between the two of them. He contends, however, that Cudhay had become quite belligerent earlier in the morning. Mr. Rose left the office and went home. When he came back later on, he told Cudhay that his wife had called and wanted to talk with him "now." At this, Cudhay got angry and went into his office. When he came out and Mr. Rose asked what, if anything, he could do, Cudhay got furious and knocked a chair across the room. When Mr. Rose tried to grab him and clam him down, Cudhay tried to kick his father in the groin. With this, Mr. Rose grabbed Cudhay and shoved him across the room as a result of which Cudhay hit his head against the wall. Cudhay then grabbed Mr. Rose's gun from it's holster and threw it across the floor. Mr. Rose got it, and ejected the shells onto the floor. Mr. Rose retrieved his weapon and put it in the car trunk along with all six shells. Mr. Rose denies pointing the gun at Cudhay and denies even having the gun in his hand until he picked it up after Cudhay threw it aside. He denies threatening to kill Cudhay but admits threatening to "whip his butt" in an effort to get him to settle down. According to Mr. Rose, he and his son shook hands to end the disagreement and he heard nothing more about it until approximately two weeks later during which time Cudhay was in the office each day without any further argument erupting. After this two week period of calm, Mr. Chastain, the Department's investigator came to the office and when Mr. Rose asked what it was about, Cudhay indicated someone had reported the fight. It was not Cudhay who reported it, however, but Mr. Hurley. While Cudhay indicated to Hurley, Cook, and Sorenson shortly after the fight that his father had threatened to kill him, when initially interviewed by Chastain, he denied anything serious had happened because, he claims, he didn't want to get his father in trouble. It was only several months later that he went to Chastain and indicated he had lied, asking to make another, correct, statement. There can be no doubt that an altercation took place between Mr. Rose and his son on June 20, 1988, and that physical violence ensued. There is also no doubt that the weapon was displayed and words were spoken in anger. Cudhay Rose was not present to testify and all the adverse direct testimony regarding this incident comes from former employees of Mr. Rose who no longer are in his employ. Mr. Rose, while admitting an altercation, puts a different face on it. Upon consideration of all the available evidence, it is found that the gun was displayed, and while the threat to kill by Mr. Rose may not have been serious, he did assault Cudhay with it. This action is mitigated by the direct physical altercation which preceded it, however. During the months of May and June 1988, Secure Plus had a contract to provide security services for the Manatee Mall construction project located adjacent to a predominantly black area in Pinellas County. According to Mr. Hurley, on several occasions Mr. Rose would take his company car and go down to the area near the site and slowly drive past a bar known to be a place where crack cocaine was available. On these occasions, while in uniform, he would drive slowly past the bar, shining his spotlight on the building and patrons outside, turn around at the end of the street, come back and park on the construction site with his headlights shining on the bar entrance. When he would do this, according to Mr. Hurley, it would create a negative response from the black citizens and as a result, on one occasion, rocks were thrown. Hurley relates that on June 11 or 12, 1988, when he was on patrol at the project, Mr. Rose came by to visit and he saw him do it. Similar actions were recounted by Mr. Cook, also a past employee, who indicated that on one occasion while he was patrolling in the area, Mr. Rose told him that he had driven by the back of the site, a known drug dealer area, and shone his light on the people there because he wanted to "jack" the blacks. At this time, Mr. Rose stayed on the project and did not cross the road to the residential area. Mr. Sorenson, also a former employee of the company, relates that on one occasion, shortly after he was hired in late May 1988, Mr. Rose told him that he had shone his lights on some blacks near the Manatee construction project and they had thrown rocks at him. Mr. Rose had joked about this, stating he had "jacked" with the "niggers." According to Mr. Rose, when he got the job to guard the construction site, he went to the bartender at the bar related here and reached an agreement from him to keep the people from the area off the construction site. Since that time, there has been no problem at all. Mr. Rose denies having bragged about "jacking the niggers." He states he may have used the term "jacked" but denies using any racial epithet. Considering the evidence as a whole, including the repeated independent reports of Mr. Rose's use of the term, "jacking the niggers," it is found that he did harass the patrons of the bar as alleged. Mr. Hurley also related that on one occasion, when he was performing duty at the project, Mr. Rose called him to meet him for breakfast. While they were eating, Mr. Rose allegedly told Mr. Hurley that while at a car dealership he services in Pasco County, he was "spooked" by two individuals at whom he fired his .357 caliber pistol. Thereafter, according to Hurley, Mr. Rose reported the incident to a deputy sheriff but omitted the fact that he fired his weapon, and also failed to report the firing to the Department as it was a requirement to do. Mr. Rose also denies any trouble at a car lot and claims he did not discharge a firearm at the lot. In fact, the only time he has ever fired his weapon was when he took his qualification test. He denies having discussed having reported trouble at a car lot with a deputy in Pasco County because, he claims, he has never had any problem there and such an incident never happened to him. Considering the evidence presented on this issue, consisting only of hearsay admissions by the Respondent and no direct evidence to confirm any element of the allegation, it is found that no such misconduct on the part of Mr. Rose took place. Mr. Rose currently owes Mr. Hurley in excess of $500.00 but Hurley contends this debt does not have any effect on his testimony. He claims he is testifying because, in his opinion, Rose's conduct in all three incidents was dangerous. Though he has asked Mr. Rose for the money several times Mr. Rose has indicated he will not pay. Mr. Hurley claims to like Mr. Rose, describing him as a jovial and good humored individual, but the temper displayed in the altercation with Cudhay surprised him. Mr. Rose cannot understand why Hurley, Sorenson, and Cook, would make the "false" statements they made against him. He admits to owing Hurley money, but thought his relationship with the others was good. Be that as it may, there is direct evidence as to two of the alleged offenses by witnesses who were present at the scene. Mr. Rose has shown no motive for them to lie and their testimony is, therefore, believable. During Mr. Chastain's investigation, he spoke with several witnesses, including Cudhay Rose, from whom he took a sworn statement regarding the assault in which he initially denied his father had pulled a gun on him. His change of heart was prompted by concerns about his father's mental health and the safety of the public. While Mr. Rose admits to carrying a .357 revolver, he claims that when he took his qualification test, his instructor advised him that he must carry only the gun he qualified with, and since it was a .357, that is what he carries.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is, therefore: RECOMMENDED that Mr. Rose's application for a Class MB license be denied, that he be find $1,000.00, and that his Class B, D, G, and ZB licenses be suspended for 90 days. RECOMMENDED this 21st day of April ,1989 at Tallahassee, Florida. ARNOLD H. POLLOCK, Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 21st day of April, 1989. APPENDIX TO RECOMMENDED ORDER IN CASE NOS: 88-6454 AND 89-0001 The following constitutes my specific rulings pursuant to Section 120.59(2), Florida statutes, on all of the Proposed Findings of Fact submitted by the parties to this case. For the Department: 1. Accepted and incorporated herein. 2-4. Rejected as unproven. 5. Accepted and incorporated herein. For Mr. Rose: The Proposed Recommended Order submitted by Mr. Rose's counsel does not contain proposed Findings of Fact but is more in the nature of argument on the evidence. Consequently, no specific rulings are made. COPIES FURNISHED: R. Timothy Jansen, Esquire Asst. General Counsel Department of State The Capitol, Mail Station 4 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 Howard J. Shifke, Esquire Anthony F. Gonzalez, P.A. 701 N. Franklin Street Tampa, Florida 33602 Hon. Jim Smith Secretary Of State The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 Ken Rouse, Esquire General Counsel Department of State The Capitol, LL-10 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250
Findings Of Fact As Needed Temps, Inc., Respondent, provides temporary employees to various businesses. Respondent is not licensed under Chapter 493. Respondent Mary E. Carter is president of Respondent. She is also the director of operations for SOS Security, Inc., whose principal place of business is at the same location as that of Respondent. SOS Security, Inc. holds a Class "B" license. In August, 1987, David Christy, who was a drywall laborer, was working temporary jobs that Respondent had found for him. On August 8 or 9, 1988, Respondent assigned him to SOS Security, Inc., which placed Mr. Christy as a security guard at a local bicycle racetrack. While working as a security guard, Mr. Christy wore the guard uniform of SOS Security, Inc. Mr. Christy was not a licensed security guard. SOS Security, Inc., which billed its customer for the security service, paid Respondent for Mr. Christy's services, and Respondent paid Mr. Christy. At least one other individual entered into a similar arrangement with Respondent and SOS Security, Inc. Willy Dorsey, whose security guard license had expired in 1986, was paid by Respondent and SOS Security, Inc. at different times for security work that he performed during an unspecified year. These incidents were not isolated. Respondent invoiced SOS Security, Inc. a total of over $13,000 in three invoices from March 20, 1987, through May 8, 1987, for "providing guard service."
Recommendation In view of the foregoing, it is hereby RECOMMENDED that a Final Order be entered dismissing the Administrative Complaint. ENTERED this 30th day of September, 1988, in Tallahassee, Florida. ROBERT E. MEALE Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The Oakland Building 2009 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1550 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 30th day of September, 1988. APPENDIX TO RECOMMENDED ORDER, CASE NO. 88-1402 1-2. Rejected as not finding of fact. 3-10. Rejected as recitation of evidence and not findings of fact. COPIES FURNISHED: R. Timothy Jansen, Esquire Assistant General Counsel Department of State The Capitol, Mail Station #4 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 Mary E. Carter President As Needed Temps, Inc. 6239 Edgewater Drive Suite N-5 Orlando, Florida 32810 Jim Smith Secretary of State The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 Ken Rouse General Counsel Department of State 1801 The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 =================================================================
Findings Of Fact Based on the documentary evidence received, the demeanor of the witnesses while testifying and the entire record compiled herein, the following relevant facts are found. By letter dated October 18, 1982, Mr. General G. Foreman, Petitioner herein, was advised that his application for Class "D" and "G" unarmed/armed security guard licenses had been denied based on "fraud or willful misrepresentation in application for or in obtaining a license." Chapter 493.319(1)(a), Florida Statutes. Petitioner timely applied for a formal administrative hearing pursuant to Chapter 120.57(1), Florida Statutes, concerning the denial of his application for Class "D" and "G" unarmed/armed security guard licenses by the Division of Licensing. 1/ Documentary evidence herein reveals that the Petitioner has been arrested ten times during the period April, 1950 through May, 1982. On Petitioner's application filed during approximately July, 1982, he listed two arrests during the period March, 1955 through approximately November, 1970. Petitioner listed (on the subject application) a trespassing charge which occurred during April, 1950, the outcome of which resulted in a conviction, and during November, 1969 or 1970, a rape charge which was "thrown out, dismissed." In the processing of applications for guard licenses, the Respondent conducts background investigations through fingerprint checks with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Florida Department of Law Enforcement and other local law enforcement agencies. The Respondent reviewed a "rap" sheet from the Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) and based on a consideration of the ten (10) occasions which the Petitioner had been arrested, an administrative determination was made that the Petitioner failed to fully disclose arrests. For that reason, Petitioner's application for the above-referred guard licenses was denied. (Testimony of Debbie Richards, Respondent's guard license application investigator). The Petitioner listed the tow charges which "bears" on his mind and the other arrests were not listed since they had no "bearing on his mind." Petitioner contends that he made no effort to "hide" anything. Further, Petitioner related that he, to this date, is unable to recall, with any specificity, the exact number of times that he has been arrested.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is hereby RECOMMENDED that the Respondent, Department of State, Division of Licensing, enter a Final Order denying Petitioner's application for statewide Class "D" and "G" security guard licenses. 2/ RECOMMENDED this 3rd day of February, 1983, in Tallahassee, Florida. JAMES E. BRADWELL, Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The Oakland Building 2009 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32301 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 3rd day of February, 1983.
The Issue Whether Respondent, the holder of a Class "D" Security Officer License and a Class "G" Firearm License, committed the misconduct alleged in the Administrative Complaint and the penalties, if any, that should be imposed.
Findings Of Fact At all times pertinent to this proceeding, Respondent was the holder of Class "D" Security Officer License D92-01223 and Class "G" Statewide Firearms License G96-01346. At the times pertinent to this proceeding, Respondent was employed as an armed security guard for Wells Fargo Security in Palm Beach County, Florida. His assigned post was at the Community Savings Bank (the Bank) in Riviera Beach, Florida. There was typically only one guard assigned to that post. The Bank is located in a high crime area of Riviera Beach. Respondent was the only guard assigned to the Bank on June 5, 1996. Respondent was on duty at the Bank from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m., five days a week. He was to provide security for all five floors of the main bank building, an adjacent single story building that contained supplies, and the parking areas. His duties included escorting Bank personnel and customers between the parking areas and the Bank, and he was required to carry a radio so that Bank personnel could contact him when someone needed an escort. The radio he carried had a radius of 1.5 miles. At the times pertinent to this proceeding, Michael Ross was employed by Wells Fargo and had direct supervisory authority over the Respondent. Mr. Ross instructed Respondent that he could leave the Bank premises only to pick up a sandwich. He was instructed to take his breaks and eat his lunch on Bank premises. On June 5, 1996, Respondent was on duty at the Bank. At approximately 11:00 a.m. that day, Mr. Ross spoke with Sheila Owens, the bank's operation manager, in an effort to locate the Respondent. Mr. Ross wanted to discuss with the Respondent certain changes in the work schedule. Ms. Owens advised Mr. Ross that she would attempt to locate Respondent and that she would call him back. A few minutes later, Ms. Owens called Mr. Ross and told him that she could not locate Respondent. Mr. Ross became concerned that the post was unattended. Because the Bank is in a high crime area, he was also concerned that the Respondent may have become the victim of an act of violence. Mr. Ross drove to the Bank, arriving at approximately 12:30 p.m. on June 5, 1996. He and Ms. Owens searched the entire Bank premises. Mr. Ross attempted to contact Respondent by radio and by Respondent's personal beeper number. The page Mr. Ross left for Respondent was not returned. Mr. Ross tried to locate the Respondent for approximately two hours. He called the Riviera Police Department because he feared for Respondent's safety. Two Riviera Police Department cars arrived at the scene at approximately 2:30 p.m. on June 5, 1996. About the time the police arrived, Mr. Ross saw Respondent walking through the Bank's parking lot. Respondent told Mr. Ross that he had been at a beeper store that was approximately 200 yards from the Bank. That explanation is not credible because Respondent could have been contacted by radio if he had been within a mile and a half of the Bank. Respondent was absent from his post without credible explanation for at least two hours on June 5, 1996. Wells Fargo thereafter lost the security contract it had with the Bank.
Recommendation Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, it is RECOMMENDED that Respondent’s Class “D” Security License be revoked. It is further recommended that no action be taken against Respondent's Class "G" Statewide Firearm License. DONE AND ENTERED this 20th day of October, 1997, in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida. CLAUDE B. ARRINGTON Administrative Law Judge Division of Administrative Hearings The DeSoto Building 1230 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3060 (904) 488-9675 SUNCOM 278-9675 Fax Filing (904) 921-6847 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 20th day of October, 1997 COPIES FURNISHED: Michele Guy, Esquire Department of State Division of Licensing The Capitol, Mail Station No. 4 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 Mr. James B. Brown 1031 West 1st Street Riviera Beach, Florida 33404 Honorable Sandra B. Mortham Secretary of State The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 Don Bell, General Counsel Department of State The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250
Findings Of Fact The Petitioner, Judge L. Williams, age 58, has been a resident of Florida for approximately 40 years, except for employment related intervals. He has a high school education, received an honorable discharge from the U.S. Navy after more than three years of service, was employed in the merchant marine service for approximately 11 years, and retired from Exxon Company, U.S.A., after almost 20 years. Since the Petitioner retired in 1975, he has held various jobs in Jacksonville. Some of his employers have been Southland Corporation (7-11 Stores), Oxford Security, and Pinkertons of Florida. The Petitioner admits having an arrest record going back to the year 1949, and continuing to June of 1979, for various charges, but he has never been convicted of a felony. He has never been arrested for an offense involving the use of a firearm, or for a crime relating to property such as burglary or larceny, and he has never lost his civil rights. However, the Petitioner has had a sexual problem. In 1951 be was arrested in Los Angeles, California, for sex perversion involving a minor, and convicted on his guilty plea. He served 30 days, after which his mother convinced him to be hospitalized to treat his sexual problem. Nevertheless, in 1954 the Petitioner was arrested in Las Vegas, Nevada, on a charge of sodomy, and paid a fine. Again, in 1956, the Petitioner was arrested in Jacksonville, Florida, on a charge of molesting minors, and convicted. He served 30 days. Finally the Petitioner's record of sex related offenses concluded in Norfolk, Virginia, in 1971 when he was arrested on a charge of soliciting for immoral purposes. He posted bond which was forfeited when he failed to appear for trial. The Petitioner also has had a problem with alcohol, stemming back to 1949 when he was arrested for driving while intoxicated in San Francisco, California. Other alcohol related offenses occurred in 1956 in Las Vegas, and in Jacksonville, Florida, in 1958, 1962, 1968, and as recently as 1979 when he was arrested on a driving while intoxicated charge. The Petitioner admits to having been affected by a social problem which he describes as drinking too much. However, he asserts that this problem, as well as his former sexual problem, are not present in his life now. The Division of Licensing has issued a Class D Unarmed Security Guard License to the Petitioner, which permits him to secure employment as an unarmed guard. The Petitioner, however, contends that even with the problems be has had in the past, and in spite of his arrest record, there is nothing in his background to demonstrate violence, and he is completely rehabilitated now from both sexual and alcohol problems. Without a gun permit, he contends that employment as a security guard is difficult to find, hard to keep, and pays less than an armed guard., The only evidence presented by the Petitioner was his own self-serving testimony, and two letters relating to his character. This is insufficient and unconvincing proof of rehabilitation from his admitted problems related to sex and alcohol, in view of the recentness of the recurrence of these problems. The charge in 1971 in Norfolk is 10 years old, but some 15 years elapsed between the sex related arrest in 1956 and the 1971 occurrence. The 1979 arrest for driving while intoxicated is only 2 years old. The totality of the evidence does not support the Petitioner's uncorroborated assertion that he is now fully rehabilitated, and does not support a finding that the Petitioner is of good moral character, or that he is fit to be licensed to carry a firearm.
Recommendation Based upon the foregoing findings of fact and conclusions of law, it is RECOMMENDED that the application of Judge L. Williams for a Class G security Guard License, be denied. THIS RECOMMENDED ORDER entered on this 13th day of August, 1981, in Tallahassee, Florida. WILLIAM B. THOMAS Hearing Officer Division of Administrative Hearings The Oakland Building 2009 Apalachee Parkway Tallahassee, Florida 32301 (904) 488-9675 Filed with the Clerk of the Division of Administrative Hearings this 13th day of August, 1981. COPIES FURNISHED: Stephen O. Parker, Esquire 607 Florida Theatre Building 129 East Forsyth Street Jacksonville, Florida 32202 James V. Antista, Esquire Room 1501 The Capitol Tallahassee, Florida 32301
